scholarly journals The Orthodox Dichotomy between the Secular and Islamic Feminisms in Moroccan Young Activists

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Fatima Ezzahraa El Fattah
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Youth Activism ◽  
Youth Organizations ◽  
Feminist Activism ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
Feminist Organizations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Feminist Movements

 There has been an ongoing interest in youth activism in recent decades, especially in western countries where youth organizations and associations are very common in schools and colleges. Heather Lewis-Charp et al. confirm that although there is an increasing interest in youth political engagement, there are very few empirical studies on the subject matter (Shawn Ginwright 2006, 22). This lack of research applies to the issue of youth activism and political engagement not just in Morocco, but across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). In the wake of the so-called Arab spring, the focus on youth political engagement and activism grew, given the important role of youth and other marginalized communities – especially women – in protests around the region. In Morocco, a large number of the protesters in the February 20th movement were young people; of these, many were actively associated with feminist organizations and work. This is in contrast to the continued association between feminist activism in Morocco and older generations. This chapter will start by sketching a history of feminist movements and organizations in Morocco and will follow with a discussion of recent activist work by two prominent activists, Zineb Fasiki and Youssef Gherradi. 

scholarly journals Gender Regimes in the Middle East and North Africa: The Power of Feminist Movements

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentine M Moghadam
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Feminist Activism ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Gender Regime ◽  
Gender Regimes ◽  
Economic Zones ◽  
Feminist Organizing ◽  
Feminist Movements

Abstract Applying Walby’s model of gender regime, with some modifications, to the Middle East and North Africa, I highlight the importance of the family as an institutional domain, replace the ideal types of social-democratic and neoliberal public gender regimes with neopatriarchal and conservative-corporatist, and elucidate feminist organizing and mobilizing as a key driver in the transition from one public gender regime to another in Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia. The article contributes to theory-building on (varieties of) gender regimes by underscoring (sub)regional specificities across the capitalist world-system’s economic zones and emphasizing the role of feminist activism.

What about WhatsApp? A systematic review of WhatsApp and its role in civic and political engagement

First Monday ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Pang ◽  
Yue Ting Woo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Social Media Platforms

The use of instant messaging platforms such as WhatsApp for civic and political purposes has been observed and reported to be growing faster than other social media platforms especially in recent years. Using empirical research on WhatsApp studies published from 2009 to 2019 as its corpus of data, this article systematically reviews them to provide more robust conclusions about WhatsApp and its relationship with political and/or civic engagement. This paper seeks to answer three central questions related to WhatsApp and engagement: 1) What are the motivations in using WhatsApp and how do they manifest in the use of WhatsApp as a communication tool? 2) What is the role of WhatsApp in civic and political engagement? 3) How do researchers study the use of WhatsApp in civic and political engagement? The review finds that across empirical studies, while WhatsApp is used by activists and organisational networks for mobilisation and coordinating actions, it is also used by users who draw on the affordances of the medium for informal and ‘de-politicised’ conversations. The findings contribute to the theorising of social media-mediated movements and activism and highlight methodological gaps of ongoing research on WhatsApp.

scholarly journals Las “ravnopravki” y el movimiento por la igualdad de los derechos a través de la historiografía = The “ravnopravki” and the movement for the equality of rights through historiography

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Laura Branciforte
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Feminist Activism ◽  
Universal Suffrage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
The Russian Empire

Resumen: En este artículo se aborda, a partir de un estado de la cuestión sobre el debate historiográfico más reciente en torno a las mujeres y la revolución rusa, el papel que tuvieron las feministas rusas, las ravnopravki, las luchadoras por la igualdad de derechos de las mujeres. A través de algunas de las protagonistas del asociacionismo feminista, haré especial hincapié en el movimiento sufragista que se fue consolidando en un momento clave para el Imperio ruso, desde 1905 hasta 1917. Pasando de una revolución a otra, de un domingo a otro (1905- 1917), analizaré, a raíz de la bibliografía existente, no muy copiosa, las formas de la participación de las mujeres en el estallido de la Revolución de febrero, el día 23 de febrero o 8 de marzo de 1917 según el calendario adoptado: el Día Internacional de las mujeres, disputado entre bolcheviques y feministas. Por último, tomaré en consideración otro día muy señalado en la historia del protagonismo revolucionario femenino ruso y su descripción en la historiografía: el día 19 de marzo de 1917, cuando, 40.000 mujeres marcharon por la Nevsky Prospect, bajo el lema: igualdad para las mujeres y obtuvieron el sufragio universal del nuevo gobierno provisional.Palabras claves: ravnopravki, Día Internacional de las mujeres, feminismo, bolcheviques, activismo femenino y feminista.Summary: Starting with a review of the historiographical debate about women and the Russian Revolution, this paper deals with the role that Russian feminists, the ravnopravki, played in the fight for the equal rights of women. Through some of the protagonists of feminist associations, the focus is on the Suffragist movement that was gaining momentum at a key moment for the Russian Empire between 1905 and 1917. Going from one revolution to another, from one Sunday to another (1905-1917), the analysis relies on the existing, though not-so-abundant literature and explores the ways in which women participated in the outbreak of the February Revolution, on 23 February or 8 March 1917, depending on the calendar adopted for International Women’s Day, which was disputed between Bolsheviks and feminists. Finally, consideration is given to another important date in the history of the revolutionary role of the movement of Russian women and its description in historiography, 19 March 1917, when 40,000 women marched down the Nevsky Prospect under the slogan: Equality for women! and obtained universal suffrage from the new Provisional Government.Key words: ravnopravki, International Women’s Day, feminism, Bolsheviks, feminine and feminist activism.

scholarly journals The Role of the Libraries in the Norwegianization Policy 1880-1905

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geir Grenersen
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Reading Proficiency ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Library History ◽  
Egalitarian Society ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Selection Of

This paper discusses the role of libraries in the implementation of the Norwegianization policy towards the Sámi and Kven minorities in Norway. This question has not been written about or debated in the library history of Norway. The hypothesis is that the libraries had a dual function: they were both seen as an instrument of Norwegianization by the government, but were simultaneously places where modern ideas about democracy, equality and emancipation were made accessible to the minorities. Ironically, the schooling authorities’ efforts to learn the Sámi and Kven to read and write Norwegian, contributed to the rise of a reading and writing Sámi and Kven public from around 1890. Both groups had a high reading proficiency and in public-, school-, and private libraries the Sámi and Kven found a rich selection of books that argued for a more egalitarian society. There are methodological challenges in this research. Minority voices are often silenced in archives and libraries. Researchers have to carried out empirical studies and closely read archival documents in order to seek out alternative interpretations in documents that have been interpreted in a conventional way.

Covering Legal Mobilization: A Bottom‐Up Analysis of Wards Cove v. Atonio

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 61-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
George I. Lovell ◽  
Michael McCann ◽  
Kirstine Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Political History ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Legal Mobilization ◽  
History Of ◽  
Workplace Rights ◽  
Hybrid Theory

We develop a political history of Wards Cove v. Atonio (1989) to show how Robert Cover's concepts of jurisgenesis and jurispathy can enrich the legal mobilization framework for understanding law and social change. We illustrate the value of the hybrid theory by recovering the Wards Cove workers’ own understanding of the role of litigation in their struggle for workplace rights. The cannery worker plaintiffs exemplified Cover's dual logic by articulating aspirational narratives of social justice and by critically rebuking the Supreme Court's ruling as the “death throe” for progressive minority workers’ rights advocacy. The cannery workers’ story also highlights the importance of integrating legal mobilization scholars’ focus on extrajudicial political engagement into Cover's judge‐centered analysis. Our aim is to forge a theoretical bridge between Cover's provocative arguments about law and the analytical tradition of social science scholarship on the politics of legal mobilization.

Campaign Finance

2019 ◽  
pp. 414-432
Author(s):  
Thomas Stratmann
Keyword(s):  
Campaign Finance ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
Campaign Contributions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Contentious Issue ◽  
History Of ◽  
Campaign Expenditures ◽  
Money In Politics

The role of money in politics has long been a contentious issue. Over the last decade the amount of money given in contributions to political campaigns has grown substantially. This chapter provides an overview of both theoretical and empirical studies and the scholarly literature that has emerged on this topic over the last forty years. Further, the chapter describes the history of US campaign finance laws. Then, it documents what has been learned from the several literatures that have emerged on campaign expenditures, campaign contributions, and campaign finance regulations. This chapter also suggests shortcomings in the current literature and points to potential avenues for future research.

History of the Human Rights: Gender Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Geeta Sahare ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
The Family ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
National Life ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Feminist Movements ◽  
Status Of Women

Every human being has certain rights to live with dignity and peace and should not be discriminated. However, history of human civilization tells us there have been discrimination on many counts. Otherwise, there won’t have been words like slavery, untouchability, exploitation, patriarchy existing. Women are no exception to discrimination and exploitation. Human rights of women have been violated, they have been deprived of their respect, economic, social and political status and the basic principle of equality (equality with her counterpart, i.e., men). The question of human rights becomes very pertinent when it comes to gender and gender justice. This has given birth to feminist movements. The author here wishes to testify the march of the human rights of women, the journey and the progress made after struggle by all the feminist movements and more importantly the economic and social status of women in the present era. The author has tried to show how the matriarchy in early development of civilization was demolished and how there was a downfall of women after advancement of patriarchy through the personification of power by men inside and outside of the family. In fact, the notions of property and inheritance put an end to the foundations of matriarchy and consequently they were converted to objects belonging to the father, the husband and the family. The author could also find several other reasons, old customs in the patriarchal society for their exploitation and violation of their human rights. Further the role of U.N. and its organs was very vital and important as the problems of women were considered in their social aspect from time to time. Today we find women in all fields of national life: engineers, doctors, pilot, professors, diplomats, artists who have won gold medals in sports, etc. But it took a very long time to finally see women acceding to highest posts in the Parliament. March of human rights of women is progressing constantly as efforts have been made but a lot needs to be done as discriminations, inequalities, injustice and harassment of all kinds will not disappear overnight.

scholarly journals Transgenerational Immune Priming in the Field: Maternal Environmental Experience Leads to Differential Immune Transfer to Oocytes in the Marine Annelid Hediste diversicolor

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clémentine Bernier ◽  
Céline Boidin-Wichlacz ◽  
Aurélie Tasiemski ◽  
Nina Hautekèete ◽  
François Massol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Bacterial Challenge ◽  
Hediste Diversicolor ◽  
Immune Priming ◽  
History Of ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Immune Transfer

Transgenerational immune priming (TGIP) is an intriguing form of parental care which leads to the plastic adjustment of the progeny’s immunity according to parental immune experience. Such parental effect has been described in several vertebrate and invertebrate taxa. However, very few empirical studies have been conducted from the field, with natural host-parasite systems and real ecological settings, especially in invertebrates. We investigated TGIP in wild populations of the marine annelid Hediste diversicolor. Females laid eggs in a mud tube and thus shared the local microbial threats with the first developmental stages, thus meeting expectations for the evolution of TGIP. We evidenced that a maternal bacterial challenge led to the higher antibacterial defense of the produced oocytes, with higher efficiency in the case of Gram-positive bacterial challenge, pointing out a prevalent role of these bacteria in the evolutionary history of TGIP in this species. Underlying mechanisms might involve the antimicrobial peptide hedistin that was detected in the cytoplasm of oocytes and whose mRNAs were selectively stored in higher quantity in mature oocytes, after a maternal immune challenge. Finally, maternal immune transfer was significantly inhibited in females living in polluted areas, suggesting associated costs and the possible trade-off with female’s protection.

Fearless song

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tríona Ní Shíocháin
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Secret Society ◽  
Female Song ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oral Composition ◽  
And Training

Máire Bhuí Ní Laeire, a farmer’s wife who could neither read nor write, gained great acclaim in the oral tradition from the late eighteenth century due to her exceptional abilities at song making and the uncompromising disdain for the colonial establishment expressed therein. Her compositions are most closely associated with the period from the 1820s onward when the Rockite agrarian movement was at its strongest, and when millenarian belief was widespread among members of that agrarian secret society. Her songs represent an alternative tradition of thought that lived in the elusive moment of performance itself, fostered by a rich oral culture that existed parallel to official written accounts. In this unofficial, though highly influential, sphere of idea-making, the illiterate female song poet would engage with the most pressing political concerns of her community and society, demonstrating the sheer power of song for political engagement and thought formation. Three key elements of Ní Laeire’s work and legacy will be considered herein: oral aesthetics, oral composition, and training; representations of prophecy and parrhesia in the songs themselves; and a re-appraisal of the role of the illiterate Irish-speaking female song poet in the history of anti-colonial thought and activism.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

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