scholarly journals Propagación In Vitro de Platicerium andinum Baker a partir de esporas

2018 ◽  
pp. 46-51
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
San Martín

Propagación In Vitro de Platicerium andinum Baker a partir de esporas In vitro propagation of Platicerium andinum Baker from spores Astriht Ruiz Rios1, Geyden Díaz Montes2 y Astrid Domy Gutiérrez Ruiz2 1Universidad Nacional de San Martín - Tarapoto, Jr. Maynas N° 177 - Tarapoto 2Corporación G y G E.I.R.L., Jr. 02 de Mayo N° 340 - Moyobamba DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2015.0007/ Resumen Los bosques del departamento de San Martin, hábitat de Platycerium andinum B. viene siendo destruido de manera desmesurada, ocasionado por actividades antropogénicas, como la extracción de madera, incendios forestales, migración y cambio de uso de la tierra, lo que ha conducido a la especie a que actualmente se encuentre en peligro de extinción, sumándose a ello la extracción de la especie por su exuberante belleza para su comercialización como planta ornamental, asimismo a que sus esporas son difíciles de germinar en condiciones naturales. Además, no se cuenta con una metodología para la propagación in vitro de esta especie. La presente investigación tiene como objetivos determinar la concentración adecuada de hipoclorito de sodio para la obtención de esporas de Platycerium andinum B. libre de patógenos para su óptima germinación y evaluar tres medios de cultivo para determinar el medio más adecuado para la propagación de los gametofitos a través de cultivo in vitro. Las esporas fueron obtenidas de frondas fértiles de plantas adultas de Platicerium andinum B. haciendo un raspado de estas. Previa exposición de las esporas a una temperatura de 30 °C por espacio de 12 horas en estufa, estas fueron desinfectadas en una jeringa de 20 ml. en la cámara de flujo laminar con hipoclorito de sodio a tres diferentes concentraciones (T1: 0.5%, T2: 1% y T3: 1.5 %) por un tiempo de 20 minutos y cuatro enjuagues con agua destilada estéril; obteniendo como mejor resultando con el tratamiento T3: (1.5 %). La germinación de las esporas fue evaluada a partir de los 10 días, tiempo en el cual comenzaron a germinar y a los 30 días ya se tenía abundante tejido gametofitico; se evaluó a través del Índice de Germinación de las esporas (IG) utilizando la escala de abundancia-cobertura de Braun-Blanquet (Mermoz y Martín, 1993 modificada por Ramírez et al., 2000) llegando a los 60 días a la escala 5 (Cualquier número de gametofitos con cobertura mayor de 75%). En cuanto a la determinación del  mejor medio de cultivo para la propagación in vitro de gametofitos se trabajó con tres medios MSB (T1, T2 y T3) con aditivos de 0.4 ml. de thiamina, 0.5 de ácido nicotínico, 2 gramos de carbón activado y 20 gramos de sacarosa; con 100 ml de agua de coco en T2, y 200 ml en T3, obteniéndose como mejor resultado al tratamiento T1: (M y S Basal, con adición de 0.4 ml. de thiamina, 0.5 de ácido nicotínico, 2 gramos de carbón activado y 20 gramos de sacarosa). Descriptores: Gametofito, haploide, esporas, cultivo in vitro. Abstract Forests department of San Martin, habitat of Platycerium andinum B. is being destroyed disproportionately, caused by anthropogenic activities such as logging, forest fires, migration and changing land use, which has led to the species to which is currently in danger of extinction, adding to it the extraction of the species for its lush beauty for marketing as ornamental plant, also to the spores are difficult to germinate under natural conditions. Also, we do not have a methodology for in vitro propagation of the species. This research aims to determine the appropriate concentration of sodium hypochlorite to obtain spores of Platycerium andinum B., free of pathogens for optimum germination and evaluate three culture media to determine the most suitable medium for the propagation of the gametophytes through in vitro culture. The spores were obtained from fertile fronds of adult plants of Platicerium andinum B. making a scraping of these. Prior exposure of spores at a temperature of 30 °C for 12 hours in an oven, these were disinfected in a 20 ml syringe. In laminar flow chamber with sodium hypochlorite at three different concentrations (T1: 0.5%, T2: T3 1%: 1.5%) for a time of 20 minutes and four rinses with sterile distilled water; obtaining as being better with the treatment T3 (1.5%). The spore germination was evaluated after 10 days, at which time began to germinate and after 30 days we had plenty gametophytic tissue; it was evaluated through the germination rate of the spores (IG) using the scale of abundance-coverage Braun-Blanquet (Mermoz and Martin, 1993 as amended by Ramirez et al., 2000) coming to 60 days through 5 scale (Any number of gametophytes more coverage 75%). As for determining the best medium for the in vitro propagation of gametophytes we worked with three media MSB (T1, T2 and T3) with additives of 0.4 ml. thiamine, 0.5 nicotinic acid, 2 grams of activated carbon and 20 g of sucrose; with 100 ml of coconut water in T2, and 200 ml in T3, obtaining as best result for T1 (M and S Basal, added 0.4 ml thiamine, 0.5 nicotinic acid, 2 grams of activated carbon and 20 grams of sucrose). Keywords: Gametophyte, haploid spores, in vitro culture.

scholarly journals Rheological and Microstructural Features of Plant Culture Media Doped with Biopolymers: Influence on the Growth and Physiological Responses of In Vitro-Grown Shoots of Thymus lotocephalus

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 538-553
Author(s):  
Natacha Coelho ◽  
Alexandra Filipe ◽  
Bruno Medronho ◽  
Solange Magalhães ◽  
Carla Vitorino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Cellulose ◽  
Plant Culture

In vitro culture is an important biotechnological tool in plant research and an appropriate culture media is a key for a successful plant development under in vitro conditions. The use of natural compounds to improve culture media has been growing and biopolymers are interesting alternatives to synthetic compounds due to their low toxicity, biodegradability, renewability, and availability. In the present study, different culture media containing one biopolymer (chitosan, gum arabic) or a biopolymer derivative [hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)], at 100 or 1000 mg L−1, were tested regarding their influence on the growth and physiological responses of Thymus lotocephalus in vitro culture. Cellulose-based biopolymers (HEC and CMC) and gum arabic were used for the first time in plant culture media. The results showed that CMC at 100 mg L−1 significantly improved shoot elongation while chitosan, at the highest concentration, was detrimental to T. lotocephalus. Concerning only the evaluated physiological parameters, all tested biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives are safe to plants as there was no evidence of stress-induced changes on T. lotocephalus. The rheological and microstructural features of the culture media were assessed to understand how the biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives added to the culture medium could influence shoot growth. As expected, all media presented a gel-like behaviour with minor differences in the complex viscosity at the beginning of the culture period. Most media showed increased viscosity overtime. The surface area increased with the addition of biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives to the culture media and the average pore size was considerably lower for CMC at 100 mg L−1. The smaller pores of this medium might be related to a more efficient nutrients and water uptake by T. lotocephalus shoots, leading to a significant improvement in shoot elongation. In short, this study demonstrated that the different types of biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives added to culture medium can modify their microstructure and at the right concentrations, are harmless to T. lotocephalus shoots growing in vitro, and that CMC improves shoot length.

scholarly journals In vitro culture as an aid to conservation of indigenous ferns: Diplazium proliferum

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zubeir M. Golamaully ◽  
Vishwakalyan Bhoyroo ◽  
Nadeem Nazurally ◽  
Vineshwar Gopal
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Fungal Contamination ◽  
Increase Growth Rate ◽  
Growing Population

With the ever growing population and economic needs of Mauritius, the flora of Mauritius has never been in more danger and one group of vascular plants is even more in peril; ferns.<em> Diplazium proliferum</em> is indigenous to the Mascarene region and is considered as a rare species in Mauritius. The need to develop a tested <em>in vitro</em> propagation protocol is a must to protect the biodiversity of Mauritius. This experiment was geared towards the establishment of a proper sterilization technique and the effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and light on <em>in vitro</em> culture of this fern. Sterilization with 0.05% Mercuric chloride was effective to eliminate fungal contamination and allow germination of spores. Culture media supplemented with BAP did not significantly increase growth rate of both gametophytes and sporophytes of<em> D. proliferum</em>. Present results suggest efficient sterilization methods to be a crucial stage for successful<em> in vitro r</em>egeneration of ferns. The established protocol will be used as an optimized baseline protocol for the propagation of other indigenous ferns.

In vitro propagation of the bay laurel (Laurus nobilis.L) in Morocco

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
Abdelali Chourfi ◽  
Tajelmolk Alaoui ◽  
Ghizlane Echchgadda
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Axillary Buds ◽  
Laurus Nobilis

Laurus nobilis L. is among the species which are most threatened by massive degradation in Morocco. The multiplication by seed or by cuttings gives very low percentages of recovery that is insufficient to meet the demand of growing market. In vitro culture proves to be a tremendous asset to solve this problem. Our work has focused on the study of seed germination of this species and its multiplication from microcuttings. Finally, we studied the ac-climatization ability of the plantlets resulting from this germination. The study of the germination, via the further measurement of the length of the aerial part and the roots and the number of axillary buds for nine weeks, showed that the MS basal medium was more efficient than media 1/2M.S and WPM. Among the eight tested hormones, IAA yielded the best growth of the plantlets. Hormonal combination of NAA and kinetin resulted into a per-centage of the greatest success in reaching 67 % micropropagation. The study also revealed that the MS basal medium in the presence of the IAA plants can acclimate most easily in two types of substrates with improved development in the peat alone.

scholarly journals Combining Medicinal Plant In Vitro Culture with Machine Learning Technologies for Maximizing the Production of Phenolic Compounds

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascual García-Pérez ◽  
Eva Lozano-Milo ◽  
Mariana Landín ◽  
Pedro Pablo Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Plant In Vitro Culture

We combined machine learning and plant in vitro culture methodologies as a novel approach for unraveling the phytochemical potential of unexploited medicinal plants. In order to induce phenolic compound biosynthesis, the in vitro culture of three different species of Bryophyllum under nutritional stress was established. To optimize phenolic extraction, four solvents with different MeOH proportions were used, and total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoid content (FC) and radical-scavenging activity (RSA) were determined. All results were subjected to data modeling with the application of artificial neural networks to provide insight into the significant factors that influence such multifactorial processes. Our findings suggest that aerial parts accumulate a higher proportion of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in comparison to roots. TPC was increased under ammonium concentrations below 15 mM, and their extraction was maximum when using solvents with intermediate methanol proportions (55–85%). The same behavior was reported for RSA, and, conversely, FC was independent of culture media composition, and their extraction was enhanced using solvents with high methanol proportions (>85%). These findings confer a wide perspective about the relationship between abiotic stress and secondary metabolism and could serve as the starting point for the optimization of bioactive compound production at a biotechnological scale.

scholarly journals In vitro establishment and early development of barueiro (Dipteryx alata Vogel)

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herick Fernando de Jesus Silva ◽  
Simone Abreu Asmar ◽  
Rayssa Camargo de Oliveira ◽  
Berildo De Melo ◽  
José Magno Queiroz Luz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
In Vitro Establishment ◽  
Dipteryx Alata

The barueiro (Dipteryx alata Vog.) is a native fruit species of the Cerrado ecoregion that has multiple uses. It is a wild species, and its cultivation is difficult. Furthermore, it is threatened with extinction. Plant tissue culture is a major tool for the conservation of germplasm, as well as a means of propagating high-quality seedlings on a large scale. However, this technique has not been used with barueiro, although it might provide valuable contributions to the process of barueiro domestication. The most popular method of cultivation is the use of the Murashige and Skoog medium (MS), which is considered one of the most nutritionally complete media. Woody plant medium (WPM) is indicated for the propagation of woody species, but there are no reports of its use for barueiro cultivation. Woody plants tend to have problems with rust in vitro during the establishment phase. Activated charcoal acts as an adjuvant for the adsorption of phenolic compounds, mitigating its effects in the medium. Thus, the objective of this study was to test four activated charcoal doses (0, 2, 4 and 6 g L-1) and three culture media: MS, WPM, and AA (over water agar) in the in vitro establishment of barueiro. The experimental design was a completely randomised (DIC), 4 × 3 factorial design with three replications. At 60 days after inoculation, the explants were evaluated for dry matter, fresh weight, stem diameter, shoot length, number of leaves, longest root length, germination rate, and chlorophyll contents. The MS medium supplemented with 3,0 g L-1 activated charcoal appeared to be the best for in vitro establishment of barueiro.

474 Effect of four assisted hatching techniques and two in vitro culture media on embryo hatching rate

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (suppl_4) ◽  
pp. 231-231
Author(s):  
N. C. Negota ◽  
L. P. Nethenzheni ◽  
N. R. Serota
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Assisted Hatching ◽  
Hatching Rate

160 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IN VITRO CULTURE MEDIA AND ASSISTED HATCHING TECHNIQUES ON MOUSE EMBRYOS

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
N. C. Negota ◽  
L. P. Nethenzheni ◽  
M. L. Mphaphathi ◽  
D. M. Barry ◽  
T. L. Nedambale
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Assisted Hatching ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
F1 Generation

The in vitro culture media and assisted hatching techniques remain challenging obstacles to be utilised widely. Mechanical, chemical, enzymatic thinning, and laser-assisted techniques have been used previously but information is still lacking on its application in livestock. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of 2 in vitro culture media (Hamster F10 and TMC-199) and 4 (mechanical, chemical, enzymatic, and laser) assisted hatching techniques on blastocyst formation and hatching rate using murine embryos as a model. The C57/b and Balb/c breeds were raised until they reached maturity and bred naturally to produce F1 generation. The light in the breeding house was controlled at 14 h light and 10 h dark. Feed and water were provided ad libitum for the mice. Superovulation of females were stimulated using equine chorionic gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin. The F1 generation was used for the collection of the 400 blastocysts and randomly allocated into 4 assisted hatching techniques. Blastocysts were paired into a group of 10 and replicated 4 times for each assisted hatching technique. The general linear model of SAS version 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) was used to analyse the data. Assisted hatching techniques of laser, mechanical, enzymatic, and chemical yielded 46.9 ± 37.1, 51.1 ± 40.2, 39.1 ± 35.8, and 33.3 ± 4.5%, respectively, under in vitro culture of Hamster F10. The TCM-199, laser, mechanical, enzymatic, and chemical assisted hatching techniques yielded 56.3 ± 43.3, 52.6 ± 35.5, 49.2 ± 37.5, and 33.9 ± 35.5%, respectively, with a significant difference. There was no significant difference observed in assisted hatching techniques and Hamster F10 culture medium. However, the hatching rate of embryos for all techniques was higher when in vitro cultured in TCM than cultured in Hamster F10. Hatching rate of blastocysts increased from chemical, enzymatic, mechanical, and laser with response to Hamster F10 and TCM; thus, laser is a suitable assisted hatching technique with TCM-199.

In vitro culture of pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Malek ◽  
D Khanam ◽  
M Khatun ◽  
MH Molla ◽  
MA Mannan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Trichosanthes Dioica ◽  
Pointed Gourd ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets

An experiment was conducted to study the in vitro culture of pointed gourd. Cotyledon rescued from physiologically matured seeds (PMS) and immatured seeds (IMS) of pointed gourd were used as explants. Cotyledon excised from PMS responded very well in all culture conditions. Plant regenerated from cotyledon of PMS ranged from 38 to 96% in different hormonal formulations of culture media. Highest percentage of shoot regeneration was observed in MS + 1.0 mg/l BAP and lowest in MS + 2.5 mg/l BAP. No plant regeneration was observed in cotyledon from immatured seeds. The highest percentage of root induction (99%) was achieved in half MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l NAA. The regenerated plantlets were successfully established in earthen pot. Keywords: Cotyledon; in vitro; pointed gourd. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v35i1.5874Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 35(1) : 135-142, March 2010

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