HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KEBERSIHAN DIRI DAN FAKTOR PREDISPOSISI PADA ANAK DI PANTI ASUHAN AL-AMAL SURABAYA

ABSTRACT The incidence of infectious diseases due to personal hygiene in orphanages children often occurs. a factor that has an influence is predisposing factors. The purpose of this study is to known the correlation between the level of personal hygiene and predisposing factors in children at Panti Asuhan Al Amal Surabaya. The research type was observation research with cross sectional approach. The research subject’s samples used 67 children from 80 children of total population. Statistical analysis to obtain correlation used chi-square test. The results showed that there is relationship between age (p value = 0.002), knowledge (p value = 0.039), and facility (p value = 0,001) to the level of personal hygiene. there is no relationship bentween gender (p value = 0.084) and attitude (p value = 0.225) to the level of personal hygiene. So it can be concluded that age and knowledge as predisposing factors are dominant to influence person's behavior. Keywords: personal hygiene, knowledge, predisposing factors, children ABSTRAK Kejadian penyakit menular karena kurangnya kebersihan diri pada anak di panti asuhan sering terjadi. Salah satu faktor yang memiliki pengaruh yaitu faktor predisposisi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat kebersihan diri dan faktor predisposisi pada anak di Panti Asuhan Al Amal Surabaya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian obseravional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebesar 67 anak dari total populasi 80 anak. Analisa statistik untuk mendapatkan hubungan menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan usia (p value = 0,002), pengetahuan ( p value = 0,039), dan fasilitas (p value = 0,001) terhadap tingkat kebersihan diri. Jenis kelamin (p value = 0,084) dan sikap (p value = 0,225) tidak ada hubungan terhadap tingkat kebersihan diri. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa usia, pengetahuan, dan fasilitas sebagai faktor predisposisi yang dominan dalam mempengaruhi perilaku seseorang. Kata Kunci: kebersihan diri, pengetahuan, faktor predisposisi, anak

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BEHAVIOR RELATIONSHIP MOTHER AND OWNERSHIP OF TOILET FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN EVENTS

Jurnal Endurance ◽

10.22216/jen.v1i2.988 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Eti Kurniawati

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Children Under Five ◽

Under Five ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Immune Health

Ascariasis incidence in children under five in the region work of Puskesmas Olak Kemang still a health problem that needs to be addressed, with a percentage of 51.0% is higher than in other wilayh. The disease is not lethal but can undermine the health of the human body so that the resulting decline in nutritional status, decreased intelligence and brain power or immune health in children. This research is a quantitative study using descriptive analytic method with cross sectional study design that aims to determine the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The population in this research that all children under five in the area of Puskesmas Olak Kemang, samples in this study were 75 children under five. Data were analyzed using analysis Univariate and Bivariate analysis with Chi-Square Test. The results showed that 78.0% of mothers of children under five who are not air personal hygiene, 60.4% of mothers of children under five unusual CTPS, 82.1% of respondents who did not state house meliliki latrine / WC. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between personal hygiene (p-value = 0.000), customs CTPS (p-value = 0.001), latrine ownership (p-value = 0.000) with the incidence of intestinal worms in Puskesmas Olak Kemang Jambi. In connection with the results obtained, that the danger of de- worming is dependent on the cleanliness of his mother in serving as personal hygiene, CTPS and Owners toilets in every home. Thus the researchers suggested that the health center may be able to provide information to the public education about the dangers of de- worming to create a healthy society. Keyword : Behavior, Children Events

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HUBUNGAN BEBAN KERJA FISIK DAN MENTAL PERAWAT DENGAN PENERAPAN PATIENT SAFETY DI IGD DAN ICU RSU GMIM PANCARAN KASIH MANADO

JURNAL KEPERAWATAN ◽

10.35790/jkp.v7i1.22885 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Desiana Yudi ◽

Jon W. Tangka ◽

Ferdinand Wowiling

Keyword(s):

Patient Safety ◽

Total Population ◽

Mental Workload ◽

Physical Workload ◽

P Value ◽

Emergency Unit ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

The Relationship

Abstract : Patient safety is an important thing that must be considered by nurses inproviding nursing care. Excessive physical and mental workload can affect the quality ofhealth services provided. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship betweenphysical and mental workload of nurses with the application of patient safety. Method uses acorrelation analytic research design with a cross sectional approach. The sample of this studyused a total population of 30 nurses working at the emergerncy unit and ICU GMIMPancaran Kasih HospitalManado. Results of the study used the chi square test at asignificance level of 95%, significant for physical workload with the application of patientsafety (p value 0.023 ; α 0.05) and not significant for mental workload with the application ofpatient safety (p value 0.089 ; α 0.05). Conclusion, nurse’s physical workload is significantlyrelated to the application of patient safety and the nurse’s mental workload is notsignificantly related to the implementation of patient safety in the emergency unit and ICURSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado.Keywords: physical workload, mental workload, patient safety.Abstrak : Patient safety merupakan hal penting yang harus diperhatikan oleh perawat dalammemberikan asuhan keperawatan. Beban kerja fisik dan mental yang berlebihan dapatmempengaruhi mutu pelayanan kesehatan yang diberikan. Tujuan penelitian untukmengetahui hubungan beban kerja fisik dan mental perawat dengan penerapan patient safety.Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian analitik korelasi dengan pendekatancross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan total populasi yaitu seluruh perawat yangbekerja di IGD dan ICU RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado sebanyak 30 responden. Hasilpenelitian dengan menggunakan uji chi square pada tingkat kemaknaan 95%, signifikan untukbeban kerja fisik dengan penerapan patient safety (nilai p 0,023 ; α 0,05) dan tidak signifikanuntuk beban kerja mental dengan penerapan patient safety (nilai p 0,089 ; α 0,05).Kesimpulan, beban kerja fisik perawat berhubungan secara bermakna dengan penerapanpatient safety dan beban kerja mental perawat tidak berhubungan secara bermakna denganpenerapan patient safety di IGD dan ICU RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado.Kata Kunci : beban kerja fisik, beban kerja mental, patient safety.

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PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA TENTANG PEMANFAATAN POSBINDU PENYAKIT TIDAK MENULAR DI KRETEK BANTUL

Surya Medika: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Keperawatan dan Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat ◽

10.32504/sm.v13i2.98 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Pipit Novita Sandra ◽

Istika Dwi Kusumaningrum

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Chronic Disease ◽

Family Support ◽

Quantitative Research ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Research Type ◽

Test Result

Background: PTM is a disease that is not caused by bacterial infection including degenerative chronic disease. Integrated Guidance Post (Posbindu) is one of the empowerment program that aims to increase community participation in controlling risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Based on data obtained in Dusun Tegalsari, Donotirto village, Posbindu PTM activity was attended by 30 participants from 478 people aged > 15 years and still low in its utilization and participation. Objective: The purpose of this research is to know the correlation of knowledge, attitude and family support with the utilization of Posbindu PTM in Degotary Tegalsari Donotirto Village Kretek District, Bantul Regency. Method: This research type is descriptive quantitative research with cross-sectional research design. The population in this study as many as 30 people in which researchers took from the population of Degotary Tegalsari village Donotirto > 15 years old and actively participate in the activities posbindu PTM. Sampling using samples saturated as many as 30 people.Instrument in this research is questionnaire by using Chi Square test. Result: The result of Chi Square test shows that there is no correlation between knowledge with the utilization of Posbindu PTM with the result of significant value (P value) the correlation between knowledge with PTM Posbindu utilization is 0.778 (P value >a ). The existence of correlationbetween attitude with utilization of Posbindu PTM with result of significant value (Pvalue) equal to 0,003 (Pvalue <a). The existence of correlationbetween family support with utilization of posbindu PTM with result of significant value (P value) equal to 0,001 (P value <a). Conclusion: There is not significant correlation between knowledge with the utilization of Posbindu PTM, the correlation between attitude with the utilization of Posbindu PTM and family support with utilization of posbindu PTM.

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FAKTOR-FAKTOR KESEHATAN KERJA TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PERSONAL HYGIENE PADA PETUGAS PENGANGKUT SAMPAH DI KOTA GORONTALO

Akademika Jurnal Ilmiah Media Publikasi Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi ◽

10.31314/akademika.v8i2.405 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 116

Author(s):

Hartati Inaku ◽

Moh Malik A Hanafi

Keyword(s):

Occupational Health ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

P Value ◽

Protective Equipment ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

The City

The purpose of this study was to determine the Factors Affecting Occupational Health in Improving Personal Hygiene in Garbage Transport Officers in the City of Gorontalo. The research design uses Analytic Survey with Cross Sectional approach. Sampling using Accidental Sampling technique with a sample of 50 respondents. Analysis of the study used a chi square test with a significant α = 0.05, the results obtained p value = 0.001 (<0.05) which means there is an influence of knowledge with occupational health in improving personal hygiene, then the value of p value = 0.416 (<0, 05) which means there is no influence of work period with occupational health in improving personal hygiene and the value of p value = 0,000 (<0.05) which means there is an influence of the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) with occupational health in improving personal hygiene in the garbage transport officer in Gorontalo City.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kesehatan Kerja Dalam Peningkatan Personal Hygiene Pada Petugas Pengangkut Sampah di Wilayah Kota Gorontalo. Desain penelitian menggunakan Survey Analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan tekhnik Accidental Sampling dengan sampel 50 responden. Analisis penelitian menggunakan uji chi square dengan signifikan α = 0,05, hasil didapatkan p value = 0,001 (<0,05) yang berarti terdapat pengaruh pengetahuan dengan kesehatan kerja dalam peningkatan personal hygiene, kemudian didapatkan nilai p value = 0,416 (<0,05) yang berarti tidak terdapat pengaruh masa kerja dengan kesehatan kerja dalam peningkatan personal hygiene dan nilai p value = 0,000 (<0,05) yang berarti terdapat pengaruh pemakaian alat pelindung diri (APD) dengan kesehatan kerja dalam peningkatan personal hygiene pada petugas pengangkut sampah di Kota Gorontalo

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The Study of Personal Hygiene and The Existence of Sarcoptes Scabiei in The Sleeping Mats Dust and Its Effects on Scabiesis Incidence Amongst Prisoners at IIB Class Penitentiary, Jombang District

JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN ◽

10.20473/jkl.v11i3.2019.165-174 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 165

Author(s):

Arie Aulia Nur Affandi

Keyword(s):

Dust Sample ◽

Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

P Value ◽

Test Results ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Risk Sources ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Hands And Feet

Scabiesis is a highly contagious skin disease caused by Sarcoptes scabiei from hominis mite variant. This disease frequently attacks groups of humans and who live together such as in penitentiary. This study aims to identify the correlation between personal hygiene and the existence of Sarcoptes scabiei on sleeping mats dust with the incidence of scabiesis infection amongst prisoners at IIB Class Penitentiary, Jombang, Indonesia. The design of this study was cross sectional. The population in this study were 638 persons with the sample size of 85 participants obtained by adopting stratified random sampling method. The statistical analysis used to find correlation between variables was Chi Square test. The results showed that most of respondents (65.9%) had good personal hygiene. There were 5 samples of dust on prisoner’s sleeping mats found with positive Sarcoptes scabiei. Based on examination by doctors, most of respondents suffered from scabiesis (74.1%). Chi square test results showed that there was a significant correlation between personal hygiene and the incidence of scabies with P value (0.001) < α(0.05) and there was no significant correlation between the existence of Sarcoptes scabiei in sleeping mats dust and scabiesis incidence with P value (0.321) > α(0.05). The conclusion of this study was that most respondents already have good personal hygiene, and only the cleanliness of hands and feet were still not good. The results of the dust sample on sleeping mats showed that the existence of Sarcoptes scabei were low However, these findings do not undermine the alertness that sleeping mats has a potential risk sources of scabiesis transmission in penitentiary. Counseling about personal hygiene should be improved, especially hand and feet hygiene. Eradication of scabiesis should be done thoroughly for larger population not only for scabiesis sufferers.

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The Relation of Personal Hygiene with The Incidence of Scabies at Al Falah Male Boarding School Students Sub-district of Liang Anggang in the Year 2016

Journal of Health Science and Prevention ◽

10.29080/jhsp.v1i1.5 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Nur Muafida ◽

Imam Santoso ◽

Darmiah Darmiah

Keyword(s):

Skin Diseases ◽

Good Condition ◽

Boarding School ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

P Value ◽

School Students ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Cross Sectional Design

Poor personal hygiene can be a factor supporting the development of skin diseases such as scabies. In Indonesia the scabies disease numerous in boarding school. One of the things that support the transmission of scabies is personal hygiene students who are not good. The study aimed to determine the relationship of personal hygiene with the incidence of scabies on students Al Falah male boarding school students at sub-district of Liang Anggang in the year 2016. This research is an analytic observational with cross sectional design. The sample of research are students of Al Falah for boys boarding school Sub-district of Liang Anggang as many as 127 people. Data analysis using statistical Chi-square test (X2). The results showed among 127 students, 59 of them in a poor condition of personal hygiene 53 of them categorized affected with scabies (89.8 %). While the remaining 68 students were in a good condition of personal hygiene with 23 of them having scabies (33.8%). X2 test results showed that there was a significant relationship, personal hygiene with the incidence of scabies on students boarding school Al Falah for boys Sub-district of Liang Anggang in the year 2016 at p-value = 0.000. Efforts should be made to reduce the incidence of scabies among others: showering twice a day using clean water, use personal belongings are not mutually borrowing, keep clean hands and nails, hygiene clothing and cleanliness of the bed.

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HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG PERAWATAN PAYUDARA DENGAN KEJADIAN BENDUNGAN ASI PADA IBU NIFAS

Jurnal Kebidanan ◽

10.35872/jurkeb.v10i01.294 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (01) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Herdini Widyaning Pertiwi ◽

Hana Rosiana Ulfah

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Post Partum ◽

Study Data ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Breast Care ◽

The Relationship ◽

Research Type

ABSTRAKLatar belakang : Kejadian Bendungan ASI akan sangat berpengaruh terhadap masa nifas karena ketidakberhasilan dalam memberikan ASI kepada bayinya, Salah satu tidak tercapainya ASI eksklusif yaitu bayi tidak mendapat ASI yang cukup serta produksi ASI meningkat, terlambat menyusukan, hubungan dengan bayi (bonding) kurang baik, dan dapat pula karena adanya pembatasan waktu menyusui. Di klinik Mulia Kasih Kecamatan Ngemplak Kabupaten Boyolali pada bulan Berdasarkan data studi pendahuluan yang di lakukan di klinik mulia kasih, Ngemplak, Boyolali pada bulan Nopember 2017 terhadap 10 orang ibu post partum, didapatkan 6 orang (60%) tidak mengerti tentang perawatan payudara, dan 4 orang (40%) sudah mengerti perawatan payudara. Dari 4 orang yang sudah mengerti perawatan payudara tidak ada yang mengalami bendungan ASI. Sedangkan dari 6 orang yang tidak mengerti perawatan payudara terdapat 1 orang (16,7%) yang mengalami bendungan ASI., karena sebagian besar ibu belum mengerti tentang perawatan payudara (breast care).. Jenis penelitian ini adalah survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini 30 ibu menyusui yang masih masa nifas dibulan Januari 2018. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 30 responden. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian Responden yang memiliki pengetahuan baik tentang perawatan payudara (43,3%), responden tidak mengalami Bendungan ASI (66,7 %) Diperoleh nilai p 0,003 (p<0,05)bahwa ada hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang perawatan payudara dengan kejadian bendungan ASI. Kesimpulan bahwa ada hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang perawatan payudara dengan terjadinya bendungan ASI .Kata kunci : perawatan payudara,bendungan asiRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE OF MOTHER ABOUT BREAST CARE WITH ENGORGEMENT ON THE POST PARTUMABSTRACTBackground: The incidence of breast milk damages will greatly affect the puerperium due to unsuccessful breastfeeding to the baby. One of the exclusion of exclusive breastfeeding is that the infant is not getting enough milk and the milk production is increased, belated, the relationship with the baby is not good enough, and can also be due to restrictions on breastfeeding time. In the clinic of Mulia Kasih, Ngemplak sub-district, Boyolali regency in the month Based on preliminary study data that was done in the noble clinic of love, Ngemplak, Boyolali in November 2017 to 10 post partum mothers, got 6 people (60%) did not understand about breast care, and 4 people (40%) already understand breast care. Of the 4 people who already understand breast care no one has breast dam. While 6 people who do not understand breast care there are 1 person (16,7%) who suffer from breast milk dam, because most of mothers do not understand about breast care (breast care) .. This research type is analytic survey with cross sectional approach. The population in this study were 30 breastfeeding mothers who were still in the month of January 2018. The number of samples were 30 respondents. Data analysis using chi-square test. Results Respondents who have good knowledge about breast care (43.3%), respondents did not experience milk dam (66.7%) obtained p value 0.003 (p <0.05) that there is a relationship between mother's knowledge about breast care with the incidence milk dam. The conclusion that there is a relationship between mother's knowledge about breast care with the occurrence of breast milk dam.keywords: breast care, engorgement

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Relationship Supervision and Motivation with Nurse Performance in Meeting Patient's Personal Hygiene Needs

Riset Informasi Kesehatan ◽

10.30644/rik.v7i2.155 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 160

Author(s):

Susi Widiawati ◽

Rian Maylina Sari ◽

Winda Kalpataria

Keyword(s):

Health Service ◽

Standard Operating Procedure ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Inpatient Ward ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

High Motivation

Abstract Background: personal hygiene is one of the role of nurse in educating health service. It intends to keep patient’s hygiene during treatment. It is supported by supervision and motivation as stated in nurses’ job description. In fact, personal hygiene has not been run properly according standard operating procedure. The purpose of this study was to know the correlation between supervision and motivation with nurses’ performance in giving health service of personal hygiene in inpatient room. Method: This study was a quantitative using cross sectional method. The samples consisted of nurses in surgical inpatient ward. Total sampling was employed; that is, there were 38 nurses taking part in this research. Data were collected through administering questionnaire. Then, univariate and bivariate analysis were used by using statistic chi-square test. Result: univariate statistic test revealed that 22 (57,9%) of respondents had good performance, 26 (68.4%) of respondents confirmed that supervision run well, 24 (63.2%) of respondents stated that they had high motivation in instructing personal hygiene. Bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between supervision and nurses’ performance (p-value 0.002<0.05) and there was a significant correlation between motivation and nurses’ performance (p-value 0,002 < 0,05). Conclusion: there was a significant correlation between supervision and motivation with nurses’ performance in instructing personal hygiene to patients at surgical inpatient ward of Raden Matther hospital.

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Factors of Personal Hygiene Habits and Scabies Symptoms at Islamic Boarding School

Jurnal PROMKES ◽

10.20473/jpk.v9.i2.2021.91-100 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 91

Author(s):

Shelvi Indah Ayu Puspita ◽

Fatma Nur Ardiati ◽

Retno Adriyani ◽

Neil Harris

Keyword(s):

Boarding School ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

P Value ◽

Body Parts ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Objective ◽

Chi Square Test

Background: Scabies is a contagious skin disease caused by mite Sarcoptes scabiei. The global incidence of scabies in 2014 was 0.3%-46%, while the incidence of scabies in Indonesia, especially in Banyuwangi Regency was 1871 cases in 2016 and 1730 cases in 2017. Objective: The study objective was to determine the relationship between personal hygiene and symptoms of scabies among students. Methods: This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional design located at the Salafiyah Syafi’iyah Nurul Amin Islamic Boarding School, Kalipuro, Banyuwangi. The number of students living in Islamic boarding schools was 191 students, the sample size was 63 students by simple random sampling. Data regarding personal hygiene habits were collected in April-May 2020, it used Google Forms sent via WhatsApp application to the students and in-depth interviews with the student caregivers. Data analysis using chi-square test, presented in tables and narrative. Results: The results showed that 42.9% of students had symptoms of scabies and there was a significant relationship between personal hygiene and symptoms of scabies, especially in habit of scratching (P value = 0.000) and the habit of using clothes, towels, as well as prayer tools together (P value = 0.012). Conclusion: The habit of scratching body parts with nails and using clothes, towels and, prayer tools alternately could be risk factors for the transmission of scabies to students. Students should have good personal hygiene and not share their personal equipment such as clothes, towels, and, prayer tools. The boarding school managers were advised to complete sanitation facilities, to organize a clean and tidy bedroom competition between the students.

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Adverse event of antiepileptic drugs: a cross sectional study

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201819707004 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 197 ◽

pp. 07004

Author(s):

P A N K Permatananda ◽

E Kristin ◽

D Endharti ◽

R T Pinzon ◽

I K Sumada

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effect ◽

Adverse Event ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Common Adverse Effect ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test

Epilepsy is a major non-communicable disorder. Choice between switching to another drug and combining is still debatable when the first antiepileptic drug is ineffective in controlling seizure. Polytherapy usually related with the appearance of adverse effect. This cross sectional study was conducted in Neurology Policlinic with 83 epilepsy patients, consisting of 37 patients used monotherapy and 46 patients used polytherapy. The most common adverse effect was fatigue. Statistical analysis using chi square test showed statistically significant between monotherapy and polytherapy patients against fatigue (p value >0.05). In conclusion, polytherapy is related with the appearance of adverse effect in epilepsy patients.

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