scholarly journals Karakter DAS Kambang Berdasarkan Analisis Morfometri dan Aspek Biofisik

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Harisagustinawati Harisagustinawati ◽  
Aswandi Aswandi ◽  
Sunarti Sunarti
Keyword(s):  
River Flow ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Channel System ◽  
Watershed Analysis ◽  
Biophysical Environment ◽  
Natural Characteristics ◽  
Territorial Unity

Watershed (river basin) is a hydrological unit. DAS holds water, distributes water through a channel system from upstream to downstream, and ends in a body of water in the form of a lake or sea. Watershed is also an ecosystem, where the elements of organisms and the biophysical environment and chemical elements interact dynamically and in which there is a balance. DAS is seen as a unit of territorial unity where rainwater collects into a river to become a river flow. The factors that influence the characteristics of the watershed are morphometric factors and the biophysical aspects of the watershed. Watershed morphometry is a quantitative measure of the natural characteristics of the watershed, namely the geomorphological aspects of an area. This characteristic is related to the process of draining (drainage) of rainwater that falls in the watershed including the shape of the watershed, the area of the watershed, the density of the river (drainage), and the flow pattern. River flow is greatly influenced by the biophysical conditions of the Kambang watershed. Analysis of the biophysical conditions of the Kambang watershed includes analysis of soil types, land use, topographic conditions including slopes and contours, as well as the quality of Kambang river water. Considering the strategic designation of the Kambang watershed should be aligned with the watershed character.

Systems of Weed Control for Peanuts

Weed Science ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Hauser ◽  
S. R. Cecil ◽  
C. C. Dowler
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Economical System ◽  
Grade Average

Systems of weed control composed of (a) herbicides only, (b) herbicides plus cultivation, or (c) cultivation only were devised. The most effective systems, involving herbicide sequences plus one “non-dirting” layby cultivation, controlled twelve troublesome species of weeds with acceptable yields of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.). On Greenville sandy clay loam, a particularly effective and economical system of weed control consisted of (a) N-butyl-N-ethyl-α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-p-toluidine (benefin) used as a preplanting incorporated treatment, then (b) S-propyl dipropylthiocarbamate (vernolate) either incorporated into the soil before planting or injected at planting, and finally, (c) a layby cultivation 5 to 6 weeks after planting. A similarly effective system on Tifton loamy sand involved vernolate injected at planting, 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (dinoseb) at “cracking”, and 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid (2,4-DB) as a postemergence treatment followed by the layby cultivation. The “non-dirting” layby cultivation, averaged over both years and herbicide sequences, significantly increased yields of peanuts on both soil types. None of the systems of weed control caused consistent differences in market grade, average weight per seed, germination, or organoleptic quality of the peanuts.

scholarly journals A Long Journey of CICA-17 Quinoa Variety to Salinity Conditions in Egypt: Mineral Concentration in the Seeds

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Juan A. González ◽  
Leonardo Hinojosa ◽  
María I. Mercado ◽  
José-Luis Fernández-Turiel ◽  
Didier Bazile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Marginal Lands ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Pattern Distribution ◽  
Induced Changes

Quinoa may be a promising alternative solution for arid regions, and it is necessary to test yield and mineral accumulation in grains under different soil types. Field experiments with Chenopodium quinoa (cv. CICA-17) were performed in Egypt in non-saline (electrical conductivity, 1.9 dS m−1) and saline (20 dS m−1) soils. Thirty-four chemical elements were studied in these crops. Results show different yields and mineral accumulations in the grains. Potassium (K), P, Mg, Ca, Na, Mn, and Fe are the main elements occurring in the quinoa grains, but their concentrations change between both soil types. Besides, soil salinity induced changes in the mineral pattern distribution among the different grain organs. Sodium was detected in the pericarp but not in other tissues. Pericarp structure may be a shield to prevent sodium entry to the underlying tissues but not for chloride, increasing its content in saline conditions. Under saline conditions, yield decreased to near 47%, and grain sizes greater than 1.68 mm were unfavored. Quinoa may serve as a complementary crop in the marginal lands of Egypt. It has an excellent nutrition perspective due to its mineral content and has a high potential to adapt to semi-arid and arid environments.

scholarly journals Effects of the number of drip laterals on yield and quality of apples grown in two soil types

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 106781
Author(s):  
F. Lecaros-Arellano ◽  
E. Holzapfel ◽  
E. Fereres ◽  
D. Rivera ◽  
N. Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Types ◽  
Yield And Quality

scholarly journals An approach to identify soil types by using hydraulic conductivity values

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Maritha Nilam Kusuma ◽  
Wahyono Hadi ◽  
Budisantoso Wirjodirdjo ◽  
Yulfiah Yulfiah
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Constant Head ◽  
Soil Filtration

Water treatment in Indonesia still uses coagulant to reduce the contaminant. Therefore, an infiltration gallery is required as the pre-treatment before conventional water treatment conducted. Infiltration gallery is a natural technology for absorbing or filtrating the contaminant. The hydraulic conductivity plays the main role in soil filtration. There are many types of soil with different hydraulic conductivities. In infiltration gallery method it is important to identify the hydraulic conductivity value as the preliminary analysis because it is the important indicator to show the ability of soil to flow the water from one side to other sides when filtrating the contaminant. The slower the conductivity is, the better the quality of the water will be. The method used in this study was the Constant head Permeameter. The result of this study shows that the same type of soil type has different hydraulic conductivities.

Why is large sample hydrology important in hydrological forecasting? 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilias Pechlivanidis ◽  
Louise Crochemore ◽  
Marc Girons Lopez
Keyword(s):  
River Flow ◽  
Forecast Skill ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Precipitation Forecast ◽  
River Systems ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Streamflow Forecasts ◽  
Seasonal Streamflow

<p>The scientific community has made significant progress towards improving the skill of hydrological forecasts; however, most investigations have normally been conducted at single or in a limited number of catchments. Such an approach is indeed valuable for detailed process investigation and therefore to understand the local conditions that affect forecast skill, but it is limited when it comes to scaling up the underlying hydrometeorological hypotheses. To advance knowledge on the drivers that control the quality and skill of hydrological forecasts, much can be gained by comparative analyses and from the availability of statistically significant samples. Large-scale modelling (at national, continental or global scales) can complement the in-depth knowledge from single catchment modelling by encompassing many river systems that represent a breadth of physiographic and climatic conditions. In addition to large sample sizes which cover a gradient in terms of climatology, scale and hydrological regime, the use of machine learning techniques can contribute to the identification of emerging spatiotemporal patterns leading to forecast skill attribution to different regional physiographic characteristics.</p><p>Here, we draw on two seasonal hydrological forecast skill investigations that were conducted at the national and continental scales, providing results for more than 36,000 basins in Sweden and Europe. Due to the large generated samples, we are capable of demonstrating that the quality of seasonal streamflow forecasts can be clustered and regionalized, based on a priori knowledge of the local hydroclimatic conditions. We show that the quality of seasonal streamflow forecasts is linked to physiographic and hydroclimatic descriptors, and that the relative importance of these descriptors varies with initialization month and lead time. In our samples, hydrological similarity, temperature, precipitation, evaporative index, and precipitation forecast biases are strongly linked to the quality of streamflow forecasts. This way, while seasonal river flow can generally be well predicted in river systems with slow hydrological responses, predictability tends to be poor in cold and semiarid climates in which river systems respond immediately to precipitation signals.</p>

scholarly journals User behavior analysis on agriculture mining system

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.7) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sridevi ◽  
M Bindu Prathyusha ◽  
P V.S.J.Krishna Teja
Keyword(s):  
User Behavior ◽  
Information Gathering ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Mining System ◽  
User Behavior Analysis ◽  
Wrong Decision ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Yield Information

India being a horticulture nation yet utilizing conventional methods in agriculture. Right now suggestions for farmers depend upon the coordination among farmers and distinctive specialists. Proposed suggestions generally given to them by using past farming exercises with help of their knowledge and experience to give advanced outcomes. The proposed idea is the utilization of mining techniques in agriculture to give best suggestions to farmers for crops, crop rotation, prices of crops, quality of seeds and recognizable proofs of needed fertilizer. The system can be utilized by farmers as an application both on web and mobile. It is an advanced cultivating method that utilizes  investigate information of soil qualities, soil types, crop yield information gathering and recommends the farmers to quality harvest in light of their site specific parameters. This diminishes the wrong decision on a harvest and increase in efficiency. With the progress of this rural modernization, agriculture site was progressively turning into a noteworthy instrument for farmers getting data about existence and generation. Step by step instructions to make the examination of the requirements of farmers viable to help them to discover the data assets of the Internet they were occupied with had turned into a dire and vital issue. It was vital hugeness in enhancing the structure and substance of agribusiness site, which could give better administrations to farmers and also enhance the level of modernization of horticultural generation.

Quantitative Measurement of Pantograph Loss of Contact Dynamics

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bih-Yuan Ku ◽  
Jen-Sen Liu ◽  
Ming-Jan Ko
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Contact Dynamics ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Current Collection ◽  
Voltage Signal ◽  
Loss Of Contact

In this paper we present our work on the development of a quantitative measurement advice to capture the dynamics of pantograph arcing during loss of contact. Despite the difficulties involved, it is very important for the railroad operators to accurately measure the pantograph loss-of-contact dynamics in order to assess the current collection quality of the pantograph with the overhead contact system during the commissioning phase and long-term operation. We use photovoltaic cells to construct a simple but effective sensor that can produce a voltage signal proportional to arc strength and duration, which can then be used as a precise quantitative measure of the loss of contact dynamics of the pantograph.

scholarly journals A review of the potential and actual sources of pollution to groundwater in selected karst areas in Slovenia

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kovačič ◽  
N. Ravbar
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Karst Groundwater ◽  
Karst Aquifers ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Karst Areas ◽  
Permanent Residents ◽  
Natural Characteristics ◽  
Very High

Abstract. Slovenian karst areas extend over 43% of the country; limestones and dolomites of the Mesozoic era prevail. In Slovenia karst groundwater contributes up to 50% of the total drinking water supply. The quality of water is very high, despite the fact that it is extremely vulnerable to pollution. The present article is a study and a review of the potential and actual sources of pollution to the groundwater in the selected karst aquifers (the Kras, Velika planina and Snežnik plateaus), which differ in their natural characteristics. Unlike the other selected plateaus, the Kras plateau is inhabited. There are several settlements in the area and the industrial, agricultural and traffic activities carried out that represent a serious threat to the quality of karst groundwater. The Velika planina and Snežnik plateaus do not have permanent residents, however there are some serious hazards to the quality of the karst springs arising from sports, tourist, construction and farming activities, as well as from the traffic related to them. Despite relatively favourable conditions for protection, many important karst aquifers and springs are improperly protected in Slovenia. The reason is the lack of knowledge about sustainable water management in karst regions and the confusion in drinking water protection policy.

Quality of potatoes in relation to soil and season I. The content of dry matter

1946 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Wager
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Available Water Content ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The Difference

The dry-matter content of about 260 samples of potatoes was determined. The samples were collected over three seasons and from many types of soil.The average dry-matter content of a variety varied from season to season, but it always bore an approximately constant relationship to the average value of other varieties.Wet seasons led to potatoes low in dry matter.The variation in the content of dry matter of potatoes in different seasons and from different soil types is not a direct effect of the water balance of the tubers.The average content of dry matter of potatoes depends on the soil in which they were grown; fen and blackland gave potatoes with the lowest dry matter, followed by skirt, silt and warp, then loam and medium loam, then clay, and the highest dry matter occurred in stocks grown in sands, gravels or light loams.The difference between the soils is discussed, and it is tentatively concluded that the factor responsible for the variation in content of dry matter of the potatoes is the available water content of the soils.

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