Potency of Cinnamomum burmannii as Antioxidant and α Glucosidase Inhibitor and Their Relation to Trans-Cinamaldehyde and Coumarin Contents

Cinnamon (Cinnamomum spp) is one of important export commodity for Indonesia. With annual production capacity about 103.594 tons, Indonesia is one of main cinnamon’s exporter especially to United States. Recently the utilization of cinnamon is developed, where not only use as spices but also use in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The development of cinnamon’s use of course might lead to the market growth.. But on the other side arise an issue about coumarin content, where Cinnamomum burmannii issued to have higher content of this hepatotoxic compound than Cinnamomum verum or Cinnamomum zeylanicum. This research result showed that, although coumarin content of Indonesian Cinnamomum burmannii is higher than Cinnamomum zeylanicum but the difference is not too significant. C. burmannii collected from Gunung. Mas, West Java has coumarin content of 0.0030 % which is slightly higher than C. zeylanicum (0.0017 %). This research result also shown that antioxidant activity and α glucosidase inhibition activity is related to polyphenol and flavonoid content.

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Comparative Juridical Analysis Of Witness's Position In Notarial Agreement Making Based On Islamic Law And Public Notary Law (UUJN)

Jurnal Akta ◽

10.30659/akta.v5i2.3085 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 345

Author(s):

Meta Agulegistin ◽

Akhmad Khisni

Keyword(s):

Islamic Law ◽

Research Result ◽

Text Messages ◽

The Other ◽

Conceptual Approach ◽

Actual Event ◽

Qualified Person ◽

The Difference ◽

Similarity And Difference ◽

Definite Statement

The problem of witnesses has been seen as a significant problem. It requires the reinterpretation of text messages that considered a male witness is equal to two women. The issues raised are: How is the position of witness when making notarial agreement in Islamic law, How is the position of witness when making notarial agreement according to UUJN (Public Notary Law), and What is the similarity and difference of witness position in making notarial agreement according to Islamic law and UUJN. The research method used was Juridical Normative with Regulations approach, Conceptual Approach, and case Approach. Research result found that Firstly, the witness is someone who can give a statement or information that he knows about what the actual events. Another meaning is that a witness is a person who is asked to be present to witness a legal event; Secondly, a witness is a person who can give a definite statement because the person knows the actual event, and even the other meaning of the witness is the person who is asked to attend to witness an event. The person who is asked to be a witness is a qualified person and considered to be well-informed of what he or she is witnessing. And Third, the equation has a purpose for justice and truth can be enforced by the presence of witnesses and the difference Act No.40 of 2014 on the position of a notary. It is originated from the rules of legislation and as evidence, as well as the differences in the conditions specified. On the other hand, Islamic law comes all source of regulations are from Al Quran and As-Sunnah.Keywords: Comparison; Position of Witnesses; Notarial Agreement; Islamic Law; Public Notary Law

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The effects of sympathy module and psychological capital on job satisfaction and happiness

The Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology ◽

10.24230/kjiop.v30i2.247-273 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 247-273

Author(s):

HyunHee Kim ◽

MinSuk Kim ◽

MiA Um ◽

SoonHyang Hur ◽

SeungKyu Nam

Keyword(s):

Job Satisfaction ◽

Psychological Capital ◽

Research Result ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Practical Method ◽

The Other ◽

Communication Process ◽

Teachers And Students ◽

The Difference

This research aims to study the effects of sympathy module and positive psychological capital on teacher's job satisfaction and happiness. The research was conducted to seek a way to improve quality of teacher's lives, precondition of education for teachers and students' happiness, with 249 teachers of public kindergartens, elementary schools, middle schools and high schools in Daejeon city. The data was collected based on questionnaires consisting of some scales such as sympathy module, psychological capital, job satisfaction and happiness. In statistical analysis, reliability and validity on that scale were conducted through internal consistency coefficient and factor analysis, the relationship among 4 scales was found through correlation analysis and the difference between their job satisfaction and happiness by sympathy module and psychological capitals was seen by performing the two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The research result shows that hypothesis Ⅰ'teacher group with affective sympathetic module has more job satisfaction than that group with reasonable sympathetic module' and hypothesis Ⅱ 'teacher group with higher levels of psychological capital has more job satisfaction than that group with lower levels of one' were supported. However, the result indicated that hypothesis Ⅲ 'teacher group with affective sympathetic module and higher levels of psychological capital has more job satisfaction than the other group was not supported. Furthermore, hypothesis Ⅳ'teacher group with affective sympathy module has higher level of happiness than that group with reasonable sympathetic module and hypothesis Ⅴ' teacher group with higher levels of psychological capital has more happiness than that group with lower one were supported. However, the result found that hypothesis Ⅵ 'teacher group with affective sympathetic module and higher levels of psychological capital has more happiness than the other group was not supported. The research result demonstrates that the more affective sympathetic module and improved psychological capital enables to increase teacher's job satisfaction and happiness in exchange and communication process. The result gives an opportunity to seek a variety of education and practical method for more effective sympathetic module and increased psy

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Enhancement of ADP-induced Platelet Aggregation by Adrenaline in Vivo and Its Prevention

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1647788 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 29 (02) ◽

pp. 490-498 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Hiroh Yamazaki ◽

Itsuro Kobayashi ◽

Tadahiro Sano ◽

Takio Shimamoto

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

The Other ◽

Endothelial Surface ◽

Important Interaction ◽

Blood Coagulability ◽

The Difference

SummaryThe authors previously reported a transient decrease in adhesive platelet count and an enhancement of blood coagulability after administration of a small amount of adrenaline (0.1-1 µg per Kg, i. v.) in man and rabbit. In such circumstances, the sensitivity of platelets to aggregation induced by ADP was studied by an optical density method. Five minutes after i. v. injection of 1 µg per Kg of adrenaline in 10 rabbits, intensity of platelet aggregation increased to 115.1 ± 4.9% (mean ± S. E.) by 10∼5 molar, 121.8 ± 7.8% by 3 × 10-6 molar and 129.4 ± 12.8% of the value before the injection by 10”6 molar ADP. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01-0.05). The above change was not observed in each group of rabbits injected with saline, 1 µg per Kg of 1-noradrenaline or 0.1 and 10 µg per Kg of adrenaline. Also, it was prevented by oral administration of 10 mg per Kg of phenoxybenzamine or propranolol or aspirin or pyridinolcarbamate 3 hours before the challenge. On the other hand, the enhancement of ADP-induced platelet aggregation was not observed in vitro, when 10-5 or 3 × 10-6 molar and 129.4 ± 12.8% of the value before 10∼6 molar ADP was added to citrated platelet rich plasma (CPRP) of rabbit after incubation at 37°C for 30 second with 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 or 100 µg per ml of adrenaline or noradrenaline. These results suggest an important interaction between endothelial surface and platelets in connection with the enhancement of ADP-induced platelet aggregation by adrenaline in vivo.

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Energy Approximation

10.23943/princeton/9780691174822.003.0023 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Philip Isett

Keyword(s):

Main Lemma ◽

The Other ◽

Coarse Scale ◽

Continuous Solutions ◽

Material Derivative ◽

Energy Variation ◽

Energy Approximation ◽

The Difference ◽

Derivatives Of

This chapter presents the equations and calculations for energy approximation. It establishes the estimates (261) and (262) of the Main Lemma (10.1) for continuous solutions; these estimates state that we are able to accurately prescribe the energy that the correction adds to the solution, as well as bound the difference between the time derivatives of these two quantities. The chapter also introduces the proposition for prescribing energy, followed by the relevant computations. Each integral contributing to the other term can be estimated. Another proposition for estimating control over the rate of energy variation is given. Finally, the coarse scale material derivative is considered.

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Pengaruh Unsur Budaya Lokal dalam Ungkapan Berbahasa Perancis

Metahumaniora ◽

10.24198/metahumaniora.v7i3.18859 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 378

Author(s):

Vincentia Tri Handayani

Keyword(s):

Mental Representation ◽

Cultural Context ◽

Oral Tradition ◽

Minimal Element ◽

The Other ◽

Local Culture ◽

Community Groups ◽

Cultural Community ◽

The Difference ◽

Complex Words

AbstrakFolklor yang menghasilkan tradisi lisan merupakan perwujudan budaya yang lahirdari pengalaman kelompok masyarakat. Salah satu bentuk tradisi lisan adalah ungkapan yangmengandung unsur budaya lokal dalam konstruksinya yang tidak dimiliki budaya lainnya.Ungkapan idiomatis memberikan warna pada bahasa melalui penggambaran mental. Dalambahasa Perancis, ungkapan dapat berupa locution dan expression. Perbedaan motif acuansuatu ungkapan dapat terlihat dari pengaruh budaya masyarakat pengguna bahasa. Sebuahleksem tidak selalu didefinisikan melalui unsur minimal, tidak juga melalui kata-kata,baik kata dasar atau kata kompleks, namun dapat melalui kata-kata beku yang maknanyatetap. Hubungan analogis dari makna tambahan yang ada pada suatu leksem muncul dariidentifikasi semem yang sama. Semem tersebut mengarah pada term yang diasosiasikan danyang diperkaya melalui konteks (dalam ungkapan berhubungan dengan konteks budaya).Kata kunci: folklor, ungkapan, struktur, makna idiomatis, kebudayaanAbstractFolklore which produces the oral tradition is a cultural manifestation born out theexperience of community groups. One form of the oral tradition is a phrase that containsthe elements of local culture in its construction that is not owned the other culture. Theidiomatic phrase gives the color to the language through the mental representation. InFrench, the expression can consist of locution and expression. The difference motivesreference of an expression can be seen from the influence of the cultural community thelanguage users. A lexeme is not always defined through a minimal element, nor throughwords, either basic or complex words, but can be through the frost words whose meaningsare fixed. The analogical connection of the additional meanings is on a lexeme arises fromthe identification of the same meaning. The meaning ‘semem’ leads to the associated termsand which are enriched through the context (in idiom related to the cultural context).Keywords : folklore, idioms, structure, idiom meaning, cultureI PENDAHULUAN

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Rhetoric and argumentation: the unity of the field

10.1093/oso/9780199691821.003.0003 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Michel Meyer

Keyword(s):

The Other ◽

Classic Problem ◽

False Dilemma ◽

The Difference ◽

As If

Rhetoric has always been torn between the rhetoric of figures and the rhetoric of conflicts or arguments, as if rhetoric were exclusively one or the other. This is a false dilemma. Both types of rhetoric hinge on the same structure. A common formula is provided in Chapter 3 which unifies rhetoric stricto sensu and rhetoric as argumentation as two distinct but related strategies adopted according to the level of problematicity of the questions at stake, thereby giving unity to the field called “Rhetoric.” Highly problematic questions require arguments to justify their answers; non-divisive ones can be treated rhetorically through their answers as if they were self-evident. Another classic problem is how to understand the difference between logic and rhetoric. The difference between the two is due to the presence of questions explicitly answered in the premises in logic and only suggested (or remaining indeterminate) in rhetoric.

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The Respiration of some Planktonic copepods II. The Effect Of Temperature

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315400011607 ◽

1953 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 447-460 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

D. T. Gauld ◽

J. E. G. Raymont

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Rate ◽

The Body ◽

The Other ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Acartia Clausi ◽

Temora Longicornis ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Planktonic Copepods ◽

The Difference ◽

The Relationship

The respiratory rates of three species of planktonic copepods, Acartia clausi, Centropages hamatus and Temora longicornis, were measured at four different temperatures.The relationship between respiratory rate and temperature was found to be similar to that previously found for Calanus, although the slope of the curves differed in the different species.The observations on Centropages at 13 and 170 C. can be divided into two groups and it is suggested that the differences are due to the use of copepods from two different generations.The relationship between the respiratory rates and lengths of Acartia and Centropages agreed very well with that previously found for other species. That for Temora was rather different: the difference is probably due to the distinct difference in the shape of the body of Temora from those of the other species.The application of these measurements to estimates of the food requirements of the copepods is discussed.

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Investigating the properties of a galaxy group at z = 0.6

Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s1743921320001945 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (S359) ◽

pp. 188-189

Author(s):

Daniela Hiromi Okido ◽

Cristina Furlanetto ◽

Marina Trevisan ◽

Mônica Tergolina

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

The Other ◽

Numerical Density ◽

Spectroscopy Data ◽

Stellar Kinematics ◽

Galaxy Groups ◽

The Galaxy ◽

The Difference ◽

The Impact ◽

The Universe

AbstractGalaxy groups offer an important perspective on how the large-scale structure of the Universe has formed and evolved, being great laboratories to study the impact of the environment on the evolution of galaxies. We aim to investigate the properties of a galaxy group that is gravitationally lensing HELMS18, a submillimeter galaxy at z = 2.39. We obtained multi-object spectroscopy data using Gemini-GMOS to investigate the stellar kinematics of the central galaxies, determine its members and obtain the mass, radius and the numerical density profile of this group. Our final goal is to build a complete description of this galaxy group. In this work we present an analysis of its two central galaxies: one is an active galaxy with z = 0.59852 ± 0.00007, while the other is a passive galaxy with z = 0.6027 ± 0.0002. Furthermore, the difference between the redshifts obtained using emission and absorption lines indicates an outflow of gas with velocity v = 278.0 ± 34.3 km/s relative to the galaxy.

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Characterization of Salmonella serotypes prevalent in asymptomatic people and patients

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-021-06340-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Haiyan Xu ◽

Weibing Zhang ◽

Kai Zhang ◽

Yue Zhang ◽

Zhenyu Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Asymptomatic Infection ◽

Resistance Rate ◽

Human Infection ◽

The Other ◽

Resistance Testing ◽

Multi Drug Resistance ◽

Discriminative Ability ◽

Source Of Infection ◽

The Difference

Abstract Background Infection with Salmonella enterica usually results in diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps, but some people become asymptomatic or chronic carrier as a source of infection for others. This study aimed to analyze the difference in serotype, antimicrobial resistance, and genetic profiles between Salmonella strains isolated from patients and those from asymptomatic people in Nantong city, China. Methods A total of 88 Salmonella strains were collected from patients and asymptomatic people from 2017 to 2018. Serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and PFGE analysis were performed to analyze the characteristics of these strains. Results Twenty serotypes belonging to 8 serogroups were identified in the 88 Salmonella strains. S. Typhimurium remained to be the predominant serotype in strains from both patients and asymptomatic people. Among the 27 strains from patients, S. Enteritidis and S. Rissen were shown as the other two major serotypes, while S. London, S. Derby, and S. Meleagridis were demonstrated as the other significant serotypes among the 61 strains from asymptomatic people. Antimicrobial resistance testing revealed that 84.1% of strains from both resources were multi-drug resistant. PFGE displayed a highly discriminative ability to differentiate strains belonging to S. Derby, S. Typhimurium, etc., but could not efficiently differentiate serotypes like S. Enteritidis. Conclusions This study’s results demonstrated that S. Typhimurium could cause human infection in both symptomatic and asymptomatic state; S. London, S. Derby, and S. Meleagridis usually cause asymptomatic infection, while S. Enteritidis infection mainly results in human diseases. The high multi-drug resistance rate detected in the antimicrobial resistance and diverse PFGE profiles of these strains implied that the strains were isolated from different sources, and the increased surveillance of Salmonella from both patients and asymptomatic people should be taken to control the disease.

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Comparison of three fixation methods for orotracheal intubation in 95 adults

European Journal of Medical Research ◽

10.1186/s40001-020-00446-x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ye Sun ◽

Hua Fan ◽

Xiao-Xia Song ◽

Hua Zhang

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Tracheal Intubation ◽

Older People ◽

Endotracheal Intubation ◽

Orotracheal Intubation ◽

The Other ◽

Fixation Methods ◽

The Difference

Abstract Background The present study aimed to compare three fixation methods for orotracheal intubation. Methods Through literature retrieval, the effects of the adhesive/twill tape method, fixator method, and adhesive/twill tape–fixator alternation method on patients with tracheal intubation in the intensive care unit (ICU) were compared. Results The fixator and alternation methods were more effective in protecting the tongue mucosa and teeth. The alternation method was superior to the other two methods in maintaining the position of the endotracheal intubation. However, the difference in facial and lip injuries between the three methods was not statistically significant. Conclusion The fixator method can significantly reduce intraoral injury and is more suitable for older people with weak tongue mucosa and loose teeth. These are worth popularizing among a wider group.

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