Suatu Kajian Perbandingan: Pertanyaan-Pertanyaan Bagi Jawab Lisan Oleh Menteri-Menteri Dan Pertanyaan-Pertanyaan Menteri di Dewan Rakyat

Sains Insani ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Nizam Mydin Bacha Mydin ◽  
Johan Shamsuddin Hj Sabaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Significant Role

Parliament has an oversight role on the executive by holding the ministers responsible towards Parliament regarding their respective ministry’s action. This article comprehensively analyse one of the oversight mechanisms in Dewan Rakyat which is the Parliamentary Questions consisting of Questions to Minister for Oral Answers (QMA) and the Minister’s Question Time (MQT). The QMA and MQT respectively have been carried out since the 1st Parliament term in 1959 and 13th Parliament term in 2016. These Parliamentary Questions play a significant role in Dewan Rakyat where the procedures of the standing orders oblige ministers to answer the Members’ question and thus provide a valuable focus on the oversight role of the House. Hence this article attempts to provide a comparative analysis on QMA and MQT in scrutinising the executive from the procedural perspective. It can be concluded that QMA dan MQT have apparent differences in most aspects of the oversight role of Dewan Rakyat. The inception of MQT has further enhanced the Dewan Rakyat’s oversight function towards executive even when the provisions of the standing orders regarding MQT are more concised compared to QMA. The article also highlights the understanding of the rulings and practices of the Chairman can further provide explanation on the oversight role of the Dewan Rakyat. Finally, this paper suggests recommendation to ensure the effectiveness of the oversight of Parliamentary Questions. ABSTRAK: Parlimen berperanan menyemak badan eksekutif dengan memastikan para Menteri bertanggungjawab kepada Parlimen di atas tindakan kementerian masing-masing. Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis secara komprehensif salah satu mekanisme penyemakan tersebut di Dewan Rakyat iaitu Pertanyaan Parlimen yang terdiri daripada Pertanyaan-Pertanyaan Bagi Jawab Lisan oleh Menteri-Menteri (QMA) dan Pertanyaan-Pertanyaan Menteri (MQT). QMA telah dilaksanakan sejak Parlimen Pertama pada 1959 manakala MQT mula dilaksanakan pada Parlimen ke-13 pada tahun 2016. Pertanyaan Parlimen ini memainkan peranan yang signifikan di Dewan Rakyat di mana prosedur peraturan mesyuarat Dewan akan memastikan para Menteri menjawab pertanyaan yang diajukan oleh para Ahli dan ini seterusnya boleh memberi suatu hasil kajian yang bernilai kepada peranan semakan Dewan tersebut. Oleh itu, artikel ini akan membuat kajian perbandingan terhadap peruntukan QMA dan MQT dalam menyemak badan eksekutif dari aspek prosedur di Dewan Rakyat. Adalah boleh disimpulkan bahawa QMA dan MQT mempunyai perbezaan yang ketara dalam kebanyakan aspek kuasa semakan Dewan Rakyat. Pengenalan MQT telah meningkatkan lagi keberkesanan peranan semakan Dewan Rakyat walaupun peruntukan peraturan mesyuarat mengenai MQT adalah lebih ringkas berbanding QMA. Artikel ini juga menunjukkan bahawa pemahaman terhadap keputusan dan amalan Pengerusi boleh memberi penjelasan yang lanjut kepada peranan semakan oleh Dewan Rakyat. Akhir sekali, kajian ini mencadangkan langkah-langkah memastikan keberkesanan kuasa semakan Dewan Rakyat dalam Pertanyaan Parlimen tersebut.  

Evolution of political and ideological foundations of Cuban socialism and its reflection in the Constitutions of the country

2021 ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Alexandra Arabadzhyan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
The State ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Period Model

The paper investigates contemporary political and ideological shifts of Cuban socialism paying specific attention to the period of actualization of Cuban socio-economic model of development implemented since the VI Congress of the Communist party of Cuba. The analysis is based on the different variants of Cuban Constitutions and proposes three historical models of Cuban socialism (Marxist-Leninist, the model of transition and the actualization period model). Comparing the texts of the Constitutions, the study sheds light on several key aspects: the role and functions of the State and the Party, ideological problems of socialism, communism and Marxism, the evolution of the exploitation and oppression concepts, issues of equity and equality, and appeal to the figure of J. Marti. Using historical method, comparative analysis and Marxist theory, as the latter has been the base for the first model of Cuban socialism under investigation, the paper reveals the role of Marxism within the three models. The study uncovers the contradiction between postulating a significant role of Marxism within the actualization model and revision of several core Marxist principles as well as the turn towards national issues in the contemporary Cuban socialism.

scholarly journals On the study of the coenoflora of poplar relict woodlands of the middle course of the Syrdarya river

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Polina Vesselova ◽  
◽  
Gulmira Kudabayeva ◽  
Bektemir Birimkululy Osmonali ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Third Place ◽  
High Position ◽  
Hierarchical Order ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Meadow Communities

The article provides a list of the coenoflora species of poplar relict woodlands of the Syrdarya River valley within the Kyzylorda region. The list is compiled on the basis of data obtained as a result of the implementation of grant and contract projects related to the study of flora and vegetation of the middle course of the Syrdarya river. A map of the description points is provided. The taxonomic composition is revealed and a comparative analysis of the spectrum of the leading families with the data of floristic and geobotanical studies of other authors conducted in this region is carried out. In particular, 103 species from 31 families were identified in the cenoflora, with the 5 largest families accounting for 61.2 % of the total number of species. The hierarchical order of addition is as follows: Chenopodiaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae. Comparative analysis shows that the set of leading families in the compared lists is the same. However, the sequence of the three families changes somewhat: Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, and Poaceae. If the floristic composition of the floodplain of the valley of the Syrdarya river Poaceae takes 3 spot, followed by Fabaceae and Brassicaceae, to sanoflore woodland, the sequence is as follows: Brassicaceae is in third place, followed by. Poaceae and Fabaceae, respectively. The significant role of representatives of Poaceae in the floodplain flora is quite natural, given the significant participation in the composition of vegetation of meadow communities. And the high position of Brassicaceae in the cenoflora, as a rule, of antrogogenously disturbed woodlands, is formed due to the annual anthropophilic species of this family.

scholarly journals The Role of Sun Symbols in the Burial Rite of the Middle Bronze Age Vatya Culture

2020 ◽  
pp. 111-128
Author(s):  
Emília Pásztor
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Concise Review ◽  
Burial Customs ◽  
Middle Bronze Age ◽  
Burial Rite

The case study investigates the burial customs of the Middle Bronze Age Vatya culture in the Carpathian Basin. It aims to deliver a comparative analysis of the archaeological finds and characteristics of several cemeteries where communities cremated and buried their dead in urns. It also examines the ways grave artefacts are placed, and the shape and ornamentation of ceramics. It also gives a concise review on beliefs related to cremation. The case study aims at presenting just how much information the seemingly monotone burial customs of the Vatya culture can offer on their belief system by analysing the shapes, arrangements and ornamentations of buried artefacts.The decoration of grave ceramics often includes solar – light symbols, therefore, the author argues that the regular use of light symbols has a significant role in their belief system, especially in the deceased’s journey to the Otherworld.

scholarly journals Charisma, volatility and violence: assessing the role of crises of charismatic authority in precipitating incidents of millenarian violence

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 404-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Walliss
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Important Task ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Branch Davidians ◽  
Ten Commandments ◽  
Charismatic Authority ◽  
Almost All

In this article the author develops some of the points he has made elsewhere regarding the role of what may be termed ‘crises of charismatic authority’ in producing volatility or even violence within marginal apocalyptic religious groups. The last quarter of the twentieth century witnessed several incidents where such groups engaged in violent actions against themselves, others in the outside world, or typically both (among them the Peoples Temple in Guayana in 1978, Branch Davidians in Waco, Texas in 1994, Order of the Solar Temple in Switzerland, Quebec and France in 1997, Aum Shirinkyo, Japan in 1995, Movement for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments of God, Uganda in 2000). This notion of ‘crises of charismatic authority’ has in many ways become a central, recurring theme in the author's analysis of these incidents. While accepting that such crises were typically not sufficient in themselves to have precipitated each of the dramatic denouements the author has examined, he has come to the conclusion that they did play a major role in each; such crises played a much more significant role than that played by external opposition in almost all of the cases the author examined (the case of the Branch Davidians being perhaps the exception that proves the rule). In this article, the author discusses what he means by crises of charismatic authority (an important task in itself due to the diverse understandings of ‘charisma’ found within the literature) and presents a comparative analysis of some of the ways in which these crises can occur.

scholarly journals Constitutions and Contagion – European Constitutional Systems and the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-234
Author(s):  
Angelo Jr Golia ◽  
Laura Hering ◽  
Carolyn Moser ◽  
Tom Sparks
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Legal Traditions ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Institutional Frameworks ◽  
Legal Responses ◽  
Legal Strategies

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed an unprecedented challenge, with governments resorting to different legal strategies to respond to the health emergency. This article offers a cross-cuting comparative analysis of measures taken during first six months of the pandemic (the “first wave”) in four European jurisdictions with significantly different constitutional settlements – namely France, Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom. It explores the influence of specific constitutional features on the legal responses to the pandemic and how, in turn, these responses have the potential to reconfigure the institutional frameworks in place. The inquiry, which unfolds along the analytical categories of (i) legal basis, (ii) horizontal and (iii) vertical allocation of power, and (iv) the role of the judiciary, shows that both constitutional contexts and legal traditions play a significant role in pandemic times and are, moreover, likely to continue shaping post-pandemic governance patterns.

The Role of the Zakat System during the Colonial-period in Malaysia and Uzbekistan: A Comparative Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 04 ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
Avazbek Ganiyev Oybekovich ◽  
◽  
Hassan Shakeel Shah ◽  
Mohammad Ayaz ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Colonial Period

The role of graining in ensuring food security

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
R. M. Gambarova
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
The Government ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Grain Farms

Relevance. Grain is the key to strategic products to ensure food security. From this point of view, the creation of large grain farms is a matter for the country's selfsufficiency and it leading to a decrease in financial expense for import. Creation of such farms creates an abundance of productivity from the area and leads to obtaining increased reproductive seeds. The main policy of the government is to minimize dependency from import, create abundance of food and create favorable conditions for export potential.The purpose of the study: the development of grain production in order to ensure food security of the country and strengthen government support for this industry.Methods: comparative analysis, systems approach.Results. As shown in the research, if we pay attention to the activities of private entrepreneurship in the country, we can see result of the implementation of agrarian reforms after which various types of farms have been created in republic.The role of privateentrepreneurshipinthedevelopmentofproduction is great. Тhe article outlines the sowing area, production, productivity, import, export of grain and the level of selfsufficiency in this country from 2015 till 2017.

The Role of Muslim Women in Civil Society In Promoting Values and Principles for Building Peace: Action Guide from The Qur’ān

Sains Insani ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Che Amnah Bahari ◽  
Fatimah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
Peace Building ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Pluralistic Society ◽  
Women And Children

The whole world, the Muslim in particular has witnessed conflicts in different areas, which have hindered the developmental efforts of the nations concerned. It should be learned that most victims of these conflicts are women and children. This article attempts to elaborate the role of Muslims Women as a crucial segment in civil society in initiating peace building through nurturing process. It maintains that the adoption of the principles and values derived from the Qur’ān and Sunnah of the Prophet is necessary as a process of lifelong learning.  Those identified values constituted the framework of this article and it adopts the textual analysis method.   This article concludes that through the implementation of those values and frameworks for peace building, women as one of the important segments of civil society are able to play significant role towards initiating peace building and promoting peaceful co-existence in pluralistic society. Abstrak: Dunia Islam khususnya telah menyaksikan konflik di pelbagai daerah yang berbeza. Konflik ini telah menghalang usaha kearah pembangunan Kawasan yang berkenaan. Kebanyakan mangsa konflik ini adalah wanita dan kanak-kanak. Artikel ini cuba untuk menghuraikan peranan wanita Islam sebagai segmen penting dalam masyarakat madani dalam membangun proses kedamaian dengan mendidik dan memupuk prinsip dan nilai murni janaan al-Qur’an. Penggunaan prinsip dan nilai yang dikutip dari ayat-ayat Qur'an dan hadis Rasulullah adalah keperluan yang mendesak sebagai wadah bagi proses pembelajaran sepanjang hayat. Nilai-nilai yang dikenal pasti merupakan rangka kerja artikel ini, dan metod yang dirujuk adalah analisis teks. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahawa melalui pelaksanaan nilai-nilai dan kerangka kerja Islam bagi proses kedamaian, wanita Islam dalam masyarakat madani mampu memainkan peranan penting dalam memulakan pembinaan keamanan dan menggalakkan kehidupan yang harmonis, sejahtera dan saling bantu membantu dalam masyarakat majmuk.

POLICY CHANGE – THE ROLE OF IDEAS AND POLICY ENTREPRENEURS

2018 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Arwanto Arwanto ◽  
Wike Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Policy Change ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Policy Entrepreneurs ◽  
Multiple Streams ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Problem Framing ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Understanding policy process involves many distinctive approaches. The most common are institutional, groups or networks, exogenous factors, rational actors, and idea-based approach. This paper discussed the idea-based approach to explain policy process, in this case policy change. It aims to analyse how ideas could assist people to understand policy change. What role do they play and why are they considered as fundamental element? It considers that ideas are belong to every policy actor, whether it is individual or institution. In order to answer these questions, this paper adopts Kingdon’s multi streams approach to analyse academic literatures. Through this approach, the relationship between ideas and policy change can be seen clearer. Ideas only can affect in policy change if it is agreed and accepted by policy makers. Therefore the receptivity of ideas plays significant role and it emerges policy entrepreneurs. They promote ideas (through problem framing, timing, and narrative construction) and manipulate in order to ensure the receptivity of ideas. Although policy entrepreneurs play significant role, political aspects remains the most important element in the policy process. Keywords: policy change, ideas, idea-based approach, Kingdon’s multiple streams, policy entrepreneurs.

A Good Sentencing Precedent is Hard to Find

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Brian A. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
College Admissions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Federal Sentencing

In federal criminal cases, federal law requires that judges consider the sentences other courts have imposed in factually similar matters. Courts and parties, however, face significant challenges in finding applicable sentencing precedents because judges do not typically issue written sentencing opinions, and transcripts of sentencings are not readily available in advanced searchable databases. At the same time, particularly since the Supreme Court’s 2005 decision in United States v. Booker, sentencing precedent has come to play a significant role in federal sentencing proceedings. By way of example, this article discusses recent cases involving defendants with gambling addictions, and recent cases involving college admissions or testing fraud. The article explores the ways the parties in those cases have used sentencing precedent in their advocacy, as well as the ways the courts involved have used sentencing precedent to justify their decisions. Given the important role of sentencing precedent in federal criminal cases, the article finally looks at ways in which the body of sentencing law could be made more readily available to parties and courts alike.

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