scholarly journals Negative Impacts (SBS) in residential buildings case studies from Kosovo

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Muhamet Ahmeti ◽  
Mimoza Sylejmani
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Sick Building Syndrome ◽  
Construction Products ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Sick Building ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

This paper presents the negative impacts on residential buildings in Kosovo, - as well as the main factors of the occurrence of sick building syndrome (SBS) in residential buildings in the case of Kosovo. It also examines the impact of different materials on this phenomenon and how many constructions in Kosovo are protected from this phenomenon. For the assessment of the impact of materials on health and the environment, it is necessary to consider all the phases. Starting from the phase of construction, selection of materials, application from the beginning of the use of the building, including all the materials processing from the beginning until their application, the use of natural resources for the production of various construction products, the necessary energy for the production and processing of the materials used, and the amount of release and imitation of CO2 (carbon dioxide). This paper also discusses the question of what sick building syndrome SBS is, how materials are affected by this phenomenon, what are the main materials affecting the residential buildings in SBS phenomenon in Kosovo, what buildings are affected by this phenomenon and how does this phenomenon affect human health. Furthermore, this paper provides a deep analysis on factors influencing the phenomenon of SBS in different municipalities and several companies. It also discusses the influence of Asbestos and its impact on SBS, through a survey conducted in different municipalities and institutions and other companies. Through this discussion the paper attempts to provide information on the current knowledge about asbestos, as well as the manner of its assembling and dismantling, storage and all other information related to this material which has a great impact on the appearance on phenomena of SBS. A special emphasis has been put on the impact of materials on our health, recent research on the materials used and impact on the appearance of SBS case, including the diseases that occur as a consequence of the occurrence of diseased buildings.

scholarly journals The Impact of Sick Building Syndrome on Call Centre Agents’ Effectiveness

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 532-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devina Oodith
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Sick Building Syndrome ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Call Centre ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Sick Building ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Public Sector Service

This study assessed the impact of Sick Building Syndrome (layout, ergonomic design of workstation, lighting/ventilation, health and performance, noise and aesthetics) on the effectiveness of Call Centre agents in managing customers and their needs. The study was undertaken in Durban, South Africa, and was conducted within a Public Sector service environment, which comprised of four major call centers employing 240 call centre agents. A sample of 151 call centre agents was drawn across using a simple random sampling technique and a 63% response rate was achieved. These call centre agents were responsible for inbound calls only. Data was collected using a self-developed, precoded questionnaire whose validity and reliability were statistically determined using Factor Analysis and Cronbach’s Coefficient Alpha respectively. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicate that the dimensions of Sick building Syndrome have the potential to impact on agents’ performance. Based on the results of the study a graphical representation has been designed and presents recommendations that, when implemented in call centre environments, have the potential to enhance agents’ effectiveness in managing customers and their needs.

scholarly journals Wear and Fragmentation Resistance of Mineral Aggregates—A Review of Micro-Deval and Los Angeles Tests

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5456
Author(s):  
Paweł Strzałkowski ◽  
Urszula Kaźmierczak
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Internal Properties ◽  
Steel Balls ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Mineral Aggregates

The aim of this article is to present the current knowledge and experiences related to wear and fragmentation resistance tests and to indicate those of their aspects that require further research. For this purpose, a review of the literature was performed. Results show that tests of resistance to wear (the MDE/DS test) and fragmentation (the LA test) are performed worldwide according to different standards (and thus following different test methods), which prevents a comparison of the obtained results. Comparative research into the MDE/DS and LA tests indicates that the MDE/DS test is more effective. The disadvantage of both tests lies in the dimension range of the aggregate. In addition, the use of steel balls in the LA test may not reflect the actual influence that the internal properties of the material have on the fragmentation process. A final review of the available knowledge allowed the formulation of proposals regarding further research directions, such as proposed changes of test methods, extensive analysis, and selection of optimal dimensions for tested aggregates, analysis of short-term and long-term tests, as well as extensive research into and an analysis of the impact of crushing on the physical, mechanical, and geometric properties of aggregates.

scholarly journals Assessment of radon-222 radiation activity in the design of residential buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-369
Author(s):  
Artur V. Sauts ◽  
Valery N. Sauts
Keyword(s):  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Sick Building Syndrome ◽  
Turbulence Models ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Apartment Building ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Sick Building ◽  
Natural Decay

In this paper, we have developed a method that allows us to evaluate the radiation activity of radon-222 based on mathematical modeling in the design of residential buildings in accordance with the rules for designing anti-radon protection. The method is based on the numerical solution of the diffusion, heat transfer, and Navier - Stokes equations, supplemented by appropriate turbulence models, initial and boundary conditions, in particular, the process of natural decay and sedimentation of radon-222 in the room is taken into account. Verification of the method for residential premises of an apartment building located on the territory of Saint Petersburg was performed. Using the proposed calculation method allows you to identify the most radiation dangerous places in the room, rationally organize the air exchange and configuration of the room, prevent the development of sick building syndrome, etc.

scholarly journals English title is no available.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ا.د. محمد دلف احمد الدلیمی ◽  
وا.د. نسرین عواد عبدون الحصانی
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Desert Region ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Urban Characteristics ◽  
Climatic Characteristics ◽  
Selection Of

This study considers the urban characteristics of the old city of Fallujah and the impact of the prevailing climatic characteristics on its construction. In particular this study focuses on the suitability of the construction methods and materials for a desert region characterized by high temperatures and a lack of rain. The researcher relied on the analytical and descriptive methodology to reach the research objective. This study concludes that the bot arid conditions encouraged the construction of converging residential dwellings and narrow, twisted streets, designed to produce the largest area of shadows and thereby reduce the air temperature in these areas. The same purpose also contributed to the height of roofs and the selection of building materials used in the construction of walls and ceilings, as well as the distribution of spaces within the housing units. Keywords: Not Available

scholarly journals The effect of air conditioners on occupants’ thermal adaptive behaviours and wellbeing: advances and challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Yuxin Wu ◽  
Mengwei Yuan ◽  
Zixuan Wang ◽  
Xinyi Li
Keyword(s):  
Sick Building Syndrome ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sick Building ◽  
Adaptive Behaviours ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

To study the impact of air conditioners (AC) on occupants’ behaviours and comfort, two comparison surveys were conducted during hot summer weather before and after air conditioners were installed in student dormitories at Chongqing University in 2008 and 2016, respectively. The results showed that after the ACs were installed, occupants’ environmental satisfaction vote was notably higher irrespective of whether the equipment was used. The proportion of ACs used (PAU) in 2016 and the proportion of fans used (PFU) in 2008 were logistically fit with the outside temperatures, and these data displayed very similar trends. However, less variety in adaptive behaviours was evident after the ACs were installed. When ACs were used, lower proportions of windows were opened (13%) and higher proportions of occupants felt stuffy (54%), experienced draughts (38%), and reported sick building syndrome (SBS). This study provides scientific insight into the advances and problems caused by the popularization of ACs.

scholarly journals Vibrations induced by the passage of trains at various speeds and their effect on the structural response of buildings - an experimental and numerical analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 13007
Author(s):  
Barbara Kożuch ◽  
Filip Pachla ◽  
Tadeusz Tatara
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Vibration Measurement ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Train Speed ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

This paper presents a selection of vibration measurement results and analyses performed with regard to their harmfulness to residential buildings. The first part of the paper refers to the analysis of railway vibrations measured in situ at the foundation level of residential building. These vibration records were then used to assess the harmfulness of vibrations relating to each train speed. Assessment of the vibration harmfulness of the building was performed with an indicator of the perceptibility of vibration through a structure (WODB), according to the Polish standard. The second part of the study refers to the creation of dynamic models of buildings with the use of the ‘Diana’ software program and analysis of their responses to railway vibrations. The thresholds specified by the standard in any of the train speeds of up to 250 km/h were not exceeded. Nevertheless, propagation of vibrations induced by train passages and their effect on the structural response of buildings is a complex phenomenon. Without in situ measurements, it is hard to assess the impact of induced vibrations on buildings. As proven in the paper, a train moving on a track at various speeds does not uniformly make the vibration greater in each frequency band.

scholarly journals Radiation-related hygienic assessment of construction materials in urbanized complexes in the Volgograd region

Spatium ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 46-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Sidelnikova ◽  
Lidia Khorzova ◽  
Pavel Sidyakin
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Radiation Properties ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Naturally Occurring Radionuclides ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Impact

The concept of safety and assurance of vital human activities in urbanization is one of the most significant backbone concepts of human ecology. The comfort of residential buildings is largely owed to the radiation properties of the construction materials used. Therefore, the radiation-related hygienic support of technological processes and construction procedures is an important issue for the construction industry. Solving problems associated with improving the radiation safety of urbanized complexes depends on implementing legislation in the sphere of limiting human exposure to the impact of naturally occurring radionuclides. The paper presents the results of studies carried out by the authors on the specific activities of naturally occurring radionuclides in the construction materials manufactured and used in the Volgograd region. Through these large-scale studies, it was found out that the construction materials manufactured in the Volgograd region are in compliance with the national legislative and standard requirements; they are referred to as class 1 and can be applied for the construction of residential and public buildings.

The Effect of Colored Surfaces and Tinted Window Glazing on Daylight Spectral Characteristics and Illuminance Levels in Deep Space Rooms and its Evaluation for Human Visual and Biological Response

2016 ◽  
Vol 824 ◽  
pp. 715-723
Author(s):  
Peter Hartman ◽  
Lucia Maňková ◽  
Peter Hanuliak
Keyword(s):  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Sick Building Syndrome ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Deep Space ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Sick Building ◽  
And Control ◽  
Selection Of

Examination, design and control of internal light conditions in permanently occupied spaces belong to important actual architectural issues. Especially in offices, workplaces can be often situated far from window. As the new medical facts were emerging during last decade, the significance of the non-visual human response on light, also known as circadian efficiency of light has been rising [1]. Biological stimulation of light depends on quantitative and qualitative properties of light, which penetrates directly into the human eye in contrast to visual stimulation depending more on the amount of the light reflected from the observed surfaces. Inappropriate selection of spectral filter in windows or internal coloured surfaces may significantly decrease potential light biological stimulation and may reflects in higher rate of Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) occurrence, which is connected to Seasonal Affective Disorders (SAD). The paper describes two experiments done in real conditions, focused on the effect of internal coloured surfaces and the influence of tinted glazing on daylight spectral characteristics in three deep space model rooms exposed only to natural daylight. Deeper positions with sensor`s orientation toward window and side wall were selected. The position of sensor representing the eye of sitting person and especially its orientation regarding to window proved noticeable different rate of biological stimulation`s efficiency in comparison with same level of horizontal illuminance on working area.

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