scholarly journals How Cycling is Perceived in Budapest Based on Household Survey Results

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Mátrai ◽  
János Tóth ◽  
Julio Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Spatial Behavior ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Transportation Mode ◽  
Perceived Safety ◽  
The Past ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

With the increasing awareness of ecosystem limitation, cycling, as a transportation mode, has been promoted as an approach to preserve our resources of raw materials and encourage healthier habits in our everyday lives.Aiming to gather data about cycling in Budapest and its agglomeration, a random walk based household survey with 1511 individuals was carried out. Two main groups were targeted during the household survey: citizens who have used their bicycle for transportation in the past 30 days (n = 672) and those who are willing to use bicycles given the right circumstances (n = 839). After the general household related questions, the main part of the questionnaire explored cycling behavior through 7 questions. It was possible to value parameters such as cycling impacts in society, cycling infrastructure development and its spatial behavior, perceived safety, morale, safe infrastructure, facilities, cost sensitivity and the impact of dedicated cycling infrastructure in Budapest.

scholarly journals Fundamental Investigation for Processing of Pb-Cu-S-Bearing Materials

Metals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Christoph Zschiesche ◽  
Jürgen Antrekowitsch
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Potential ◽  
Lead Concentration ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Condensed Phases ◽  
Fundamental Investigation ◽  
Bearing Materials ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The processing of polymetallic materials provides some challenges to every flowsheet. Within Aurubis Cu-Pb-metallurgical flowsheet, a broad range of raw materials and intermediates are processed. Continuous improvements are required to adapt the flowsheet according to the changing material quantity and quality. Therefore, thermodynamic modeling is the desired and most efficient way to conduct scenario analysis. Hence, databases and software are becoming better and better as the acceptance of this method increased. Further understanding is promoted by conducting experimental test work to validate the calculated results. In this research work, the impact of various oxygen potential on the formation of the condensed phases’ slag, matte, speiss and crude lead were investigated. A frequent check of slag metallurgy, in particular, the iron and lead concentration, provide feedback if the metallurgical process is operating at the right oxygen potential. Following, the calculated distribution coefficients for Cu, Pb, As, Sb, Sn and Ni between matte/speiss and speiss/lead are discussed.

scholarly journals Inter-industrial Relations and Sectoral Employment Development in German Regions

2013 ◽  
Vol 233 (4) ◽  
pp. 486-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Kowalewski
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
German Regions ◽  
Single Industry ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Summary This paper analyses the impact of cluster structures on employment development in Germany according to the hypothesis of Porter (1998). It develops a new way of measuring the co-location of suppliers and buyers of intermediate goods in a region based on an input-output approach. The resulting indicator is implemented in a shift-share regression in order to analyse the importance of input-output linkages for the employment development in individual industries. One advantage of this approach is that the results can be compared to earlier studies on localization advantages according to Marshall (1890). The results show that the availability of suppliers and customers in the same region was a major engine for job creation in specific industries in the past. In the period 1998 to 2007 this was particularly observed for service sectors, such as Air Transport or Health and Social Work but also for some manufacturing industries as well as for Agriculture and Construction. It becomes apparent from the comparison with earlier findings that agglomeration advantages are not realizable within a single industry. Positive effects rather result from the right composition of different industries that have the possibility to establish common production chains. However, for a lot of industries the intensity of inter-industrial interdependence did not play a significant role for their employment development.

scholarly journals Analysis of Selected Building Constructions Used in Industrial Construction in Terms of Sustainability Benefits

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozef Švajlenka ◽  
Mária Kozlovská ◽  
Terézia Pošiváková
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Building ◽  
Industrial Construction ◽  
Renewable Raw Materials ◽  
The Past ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Cradle To Gate ◽  
The Right

Enormous development of technology over the past two centuries has been associated with a considerable drawdown of non-renewable raw materials and an increase in the amount of harmful emissions. Thus, building direction in the field of construction implies a significant implementation of sustainability. The preference for environmentally friendly technology solutions is the right way to meet the sustainability trend. The main aim of this study was to analyze and verify selected construction systems of buildings designed for agricultural primary production in terms of their environmental impacts. The supporting construction systems of the comparative design variants was designed from a variety of material bases (concrete, steel, and wood). To evaluate environmental construction systems, the LCA methodology in mode “Cradle to Gate” was used. Parameters of sustainability related to the environmental impact were analyzed. These results could be a useful tool for the evaluation and comparison to an appropriate choice of the design option for an industrial building designed for agricultural primary production in terms of environmental impact.

Chronic Conditions May Be More Important Than Race or Ethnicity in Relation to Health Information Seeking and Use

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronica N. Rooks ◽  
Craig G. Kapral ◽  
Arlesia L. Mathis
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Impact

Objective: This research examines health information (HI) seeking and use among middle-aged and older adults with chronic health conditions. Method: We used logistic regression models to analyze HI seeking ( N = 7,822) and use (N = 4,541-4,547) among participants (aged 45+ years) with chronic conditions from the nationally-representative Health Tracking Household Survey. Results: Adults aged 45+ years with chronic conditions were significantly more likely to seek and use HI; however, these results varied based on the age and education. Compared with Whites, Latinos were less likely to seek HI but more likely to use HI to treat illness, and African Americans were more likely to use HI to maintain health. Conclusion: Middle-aged and older adults with chronic conditions are prominent HI seekers and users. Proficient HI seeking and use may have the potential to enhance control over one’s own health, maintain independence in the community, and reduce the impact of negative health consequences on the health care system.

scholarly journals MSMEs IN TIMES OF CRISIS. EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Tulus Tambunan
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Asian Financial Crisis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Channels ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

This descriptive study is about micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. It has two objectives: (i) to estimate the impact of the Covid 19 crisis on MSMEs and compares it with other previous problems. Second, to explore crisis mitigation (CM) measures adopted by affected MSMEs. It shows that different types of crises have different transmission channels through which such situations affected MSMEs. CM measures adopted by affected MSMEs also vary by different types of emergencies and hence various business risks. In the 1997/98 crisis, replacing imported raw materials with local raw materials was widely adopted. The 2008/09 problem was finding new customers or markets in unaffected countries or switching to the domestic market. While in the case of the Covid-19 crisis, switching temporarily to manufacturing medical devices such as masks and changing the marketing system from conventional to e-commerce are the most widely adopted strategies. There is already a lot of literature on economic crises such as the 1997/98 Asian financial crisis and the 2008 global economic crisis. The Covid 19 pandemic's reports and articles impact on the economy have emerged in the past two months. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first study on how such crises affected and through what transmission channels, MSMEs. Keywords: MSMEs, 1997/98 Asian Financial Crisis, 2008/09 Global Financial Crisis, COVID-19 Crisis, CM MeasuresJEL Classification: D2, F6, G01, I1

scholarly journals The Role of Payments for Emissions of Pollutants From Associated Petroleum Gas Flaring as a Tool for Regulating the Rational Use of Natural Resources in the Oil-Producing Regions of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
pp. 198-214
Author(s):  
Irina A. Makarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Repair Work ◽  
Associated Petroleum Gas ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

For a long time, Russia was the leader in associated petroleum gas (APG) flaring. This led to the destruction of useful raw materials and environmental pollution. Due to the tightening of the state policy in the field of the APG rational use and the introduction of fees for APG flaring in 2012, oil producing companies had an incentive to use APG efficiently. In addition, the level of air pollution began to decline. The budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the oil-producing regions began to receive significant revenues. Some experts expected that the APG efficiency target would be achieved in 2014 or 2016. Unfortunately, some oil producers were unable to achieve the target. Moreover, at present, there is a reduction in payments for APG flaring in many regions. This causes concern for certain market participants. The object of this research is the impact of APG flaring fees on the level of rational APG use and on incomes of the oil-producing regions. The aim of the work is to study the role of these payments as a tool for regulating the rational use of APG. The analysis shows that the introduction of fees for emissions of pollutants generated by APG flaring plays an important role in ensuring the sustainable development of the regions. Firstly, this fee helps to improve the environmental situation in the region because the volume of gas flared has decreased significantly. Secondly, the application of fees for APG flaring contributes to an increase in the level of energy efficiency, the development and implementation of innovative technologies. Thirdly, the increase in APG deep processing makes it possible to obtain products required in the domestic industry. This improves the efficiency of the oil sector and accelerates import substitution. Fourthly, payments for emissions of pollutants generated during APG flaring form additional funds that can be spent on the development of the region. Fifthly, all oil-producing regions can be divided into two groups. The first group is a group that has practically reached or is very close to reaching the established limits for APG flaring. The second group of regions is a group for which reaching this target is still a difficult task. Experts point out the following reasons that prevent some oil-producing companies from achieving targets for APG flaring: (1) commissioning of new fields, which are characterized by an insufficient level of infrastructure development required for APG utilization; (2) closure of gas processing plants for repair work, which forces some companies to temporarily flare APG; (3) establishment of new benefits and exemptions; (4) geographic fragmentation of fields and limited reserves, which does not allow making the project for the rational use of APG profitable; (5) remoteness of some gas pipelines from the main oil-producing regions, difficult access to the gas transportation system.

scholarly journals The SME Condition During Covid 19 Pandemic: Financial And Business Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 718-727
Author(s):  
Khalisa Rahmina Suryani ◽  
Rizka Zulfikar ◽  
Aida Vitria
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Business Conditions ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The Covid-19 outbreak has become a global problem and has caused economicproblems in various sectors including the SME sector. This research was conductedto examine the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the business conditions of SMEswhich later can be used by policy makers in determining the right actions toovercome financial problems in the SME sector.This research was conducted in the province of South Kalimantan using primarydata. Sampling was done by purposive sampling with an instrument in the form of aquestionnaire. This study used a sample of 233 respondents. The data analysistechnique was performed using the analysis of the validity and reliability of theinstrument and quantitative descriptive analysis to describe the financial conditionsof SMEs and the affected business / corporate sectors. The results of this study foundthat (1) There was a significant difference to the financial condition of SMEs beforeand after the pandemic, where there was a decrease in gross income (-41.6%) andthe level of profit in the SME sector (-62.8%) in general (2) Some of the impacts ofthe Covid Pandemic -19 regarding the business conditions of SMEs, namely (a)there are still many SMEs that have not been able to sell online, (b) there has beenan increase in raw materials, (c) the majority of SMEs have difficulty obtaining rawmaterials, (d) there is a decrease in motivation and work productivity which issignificant, (e) there are still many SMEs that experience a shortage of cash andmany SMEs are in arrears of liabilities, (f) but the majority of SMEs still believethey will survive and pass the pandemic.

scholarly journals Big Tech and the Right to Freedom of Thought

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Brittany Morison
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Individual Decision Making ◽  
The Past ◽  
Freedom Of Thought ◽  
Independent Decision ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

Over the past few decades technology has become ubiquitous, with technology companies gaining increasing insight into the lives of individuals. This paper explores how technology companies use these insights to influence the ability to exercise free and independent decision-making. Through a critical analysis of social nudging, I establish the subtle but significant ways in which individuals can be susceptible to manipulation. Through this lens, I highlight some notable examples of how big tech companies have manipulated individual decision-making and the impact this may have on our democracy. 

Unions as social capital: the impact of trade union youth programmes on young workers' political and community engagement

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Brown Johnson ◽  
Paul Jarley
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Young Workers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Capital Building ◽  
The Impact

Jarley (2005) recently proposed a model of social capital unionism that contends that unions should strive to recreate the dense communities of the past by systematically creating social networks among workers. Underlying this approach is the notion that sustained personal contacts with members are necessary to generate the generalised reciprocity norms that mobilise workers in times of need and sustain unions in periods of relative calm. This paper describes one union's attempt at social capital building among their young members. We also report on survey results that suggest that building social capital is challenging but potentially rewarding as dense social networks are correlated with union knowledge which in turn is correlated with increased union participation as well as community and political engagement.

Protecting Child Witnesses: Judicial Efforts to Minimize Trauma and Reduce Evidentiary Barriers

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Hafemeister
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Child Witnesses ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Nation Wide Survey ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Growing attention has been given to the need to protect child witnesses from the potential trauma associated with providing testimony in the courtroom, as well as to the importance of maximizing the validity and reliability of that testimony. At the same time, these efforts may conflict with the right of an accused to confront his or her accuser or various evidentiary rights of the accused. Numerous educational programs have been conducted to assist judges and lawyers to better respond to these issues. A nation-wide survey of judges was conducted to determine the relative use of various means to minimize trauma or reduce evidentiary barriers in child sexual abuse cases, how judges evaluate these means, and the impact of educational programs in this area. The survey indicated that although judges use a broad range of approaches to minimize this trauma or reduce evidentiary barriers, they are particularly likely to use simpler techniques that are relatively easy to implement and which they consider both effective and fair to the parties appearing before the court. Attending educational programs appears to influence the use of these approaches. Survey results also indicated the best methods for disseminating relevant information on child sexual abuse to judges.

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