scholarly journals SMERNICE RAZVOJA OBVEŠČEVALNO- VARNOSTNE DEJAVNOSTI 21. STOLETJA

2012 ◽  
pp. 69-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
ŽARKO HENIGMAN ◽  
ANŽE RODE
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Quality Information ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
International Environment ◽  
Strongly Connected ◽  
Defence Sector ◽  
The Republic

Republika Slovenija in njena obveščevalno-varnostna dejavnost sta vpeti v medna- rodno okolje. Spremembe v njenem strateškem in varnostnem okolju ter nalogah obrambnega sistema in zahteve po hitrem prenosu ter posredovanju informacij zahtevajo temeljito analizo procesov v obveščevalno-varnostni dejavnosti. Obveščevalno-varnostna dejavnost na obrambnem področju ima pomembno mesto v vodenju vodilnih političnih struktur in vojaških oseb. S ciljem racionalne organi- zacije in posredovanja pravočasnih ter kakovostnih informacij podajamo smernice za njen nadaljnji razvoj. Smernice za razvoj obveščevalno-varnostne dejavnosti temeljijo na podlagi zgo- dovinskorazvojne, kvalitativne in primerjalne analize umestitve, delovanja in orga- niziranosti obveščevalno-varnostne dejavnosti v Natu in slovenskem obrambnem resorju. V članku je analizirana obveščevalno-varnostna dejavnost v obdobju od osamo- svojitvene vojne in začetka profesionalizacije Slovenske vojske do današnjih dni. Analizirani so pravne podlage in procesi dela na vseh ravneh. The Republic of Slovenia and its intelligence and security activities are strongly connected to the international environment. The changes in strategic and security environment and defence system tasks, as well as the demands for high speed tran- smission and provision of information thus require a thorough analysis of intelligen- ce and security processes. Intelligence and security activities in the field of defence have an important place in the management of leading political structures and military personnel. We therefore offer guidelines for their future development so that rational organisation and provision of timely and quality information could be provided. The guidelines for the development of intelligence and security activities are based on the historical development, qualitative and comparative analysis of the placement, functioning and organisation of intelligence and security activities in NATO and Slovenian defence sector as such. The article provides the analysis of intelligence and security activities in the period between the War for Independence and the beginnings of Slovenian Armed Forces professionalization, and today, whereby all legal bases and work processes at all levels have been analysed.

scholarly journals SLOVENIAN ARMED FORCES 2012–2014

2015 ◽  
pp. 9-10 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Professional Military Education ◽  
Military Literature ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
International Environment ◽  
International Operations ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Legal Frameworks

In autumn 2015, we in the Editorial Board of Contemporary Military Challenges decided to re-publish for our readers the topics, which had been first published between 2012 and 2014 and are related to the development of the Slovenian Armed Forces. The Slovenian versions of these articles have already been published before, while the aim of this issue is to share the views and thoughts of the authors also with others in the international environment. Therefore the articles have been translated into English. For many years, we have been members of various international and security organizations. Over this period, we have gained a lot of experience in the field of international cooperation, both in peacetime structures and in international operations and missions. Looking ahead, it is important to possess abundant knowledge, both theoretical and practical, and to exchange it. In quality exchange of knowledge, writing of articles, first and foremost in one's mother tongue, can also be of assistance. In 2011, I discussed the importance of writing and producing Slovenian military literature in Slovenian language with Dr Ada Vidovič Muha, expert in Slovenian language and the first Head of the Department of Slovenian Studies at the Faculty of Arts in Ljubljana. She mentioned that the texts of highest quality were always produced in a native language, while those produced in a foreign language never identically depict what the author had said or wanted to say. Certainly, we all agree with her statement. The translations of articles in this issue were first reviewed by Slovenian proof-readers, then by translators employed in the Slovenian Armed Forces (i.e. Ministry of Defence), who have long been closely and carefully taking care of the texts produced in the Slovenian defence system. The authors also did their share of work by thoroughly reading through and authorising the translations of their articles. When articles, which have been written some time ago, are re-published, there is always a question of their topicality. Is a specific topic already irrelevant? Were the author’s predictions for the future when he wrote the article correct or false? After the articles translated for this issue had been published for the first time, we received different responses and comments. But it is also true that none of those commenters ever wrote any articles to substantiate their comments. Therefore, the articles remained written down, while the opinions and comments on them were lost somewhere on air. Now, you, as the readers of this issue, have the opportunity to assess the topicality of the articles yourselves. Igor Kotnik based his article Professionalization of the Slovenian Armed Forces – a goal or a path on the project “Transition to professional armed forces complemented with contractual reserve” (PROVOJ), which started in 2003. The author defines the present-day situation and wonders how we should proceed in the given circumstances and considering the restrictions which he divides into nine thematic challenges. Viktor Potočnik writes about Slovenian Armed Forces size and character. A lot has already been written, in general, about how many members and which types of units the Slovenian Armed Forces should have. In this paper, the author reveals the truth. His overview and the calculations are very simple and transparent. Just as when the article was first published, we again wonder whether there is anyone among the readers who does not agree with his opinion and would be willing to write an article about it. The article by Mojca Pešec and Uroš Krek Can the process of professional military education create military strategists presents the authors’ views of the education programmes for military strategists in Slovenia both from the theoretical and practical points of view. The authors also substantiate the need for more intensive and better quality strategic theory study programmes. Ivan Žnidar acquaints readers with Transformation challenges to safety and security at Slovenian sea. He states that comprehensive approach, cooperation, coordination and integration of various services for safety at sea provide some of the answers to the question of the rationalisation of the modern security environment. The article Participation of the Slovenian Armed Forces in international operations and missions in light of foreign policy of the Republic of Slovenia by Branko Podbrežnik highlights international, political and legal frameworks that affect and define the functioning of the Slovenian Armed Forces in the turbulent international environment.

scholarly journals THE SLOVENIAN ARMED FORCES 15 YEARS AFTER THE REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA JOINED NATO

2019 ◽  
pp. 123-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREJ OSTERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Rational Solution ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
Defence Budget ◽  
Military Exercises ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Smart Defence ◽  
The Republic

Abstract The Republic of Slovenia has been a NATO member for 15 years. Its NATO membership has significantly contributed to the quality development of the Slovenian Armed Forces (SAF), which has made a contribution to international security by taking part in international operations and missions. Before and after joining NATO, the SAF has adapted and transformed in view of the newly created settings and security challenges in a way to respond to them effectively. It has participated in and organized multinational military exercises, and has been operating within NATO representations, commands and units. NATO's deterrence posture strengthens the Alliance and requires an effective response to new sources of threat. The security environment is changing rapidly with hybrid and cyber threats becoming increasingly dangerous. NATO's long-term adaptation process requires members to respond to all potential sources of threat with a 360-degree approach. The Republic of Slovenia is also actively involved in the Smart Defence project, the Connected Forces Initiative and the Framework Nations Concept. The years-long decline in the defence budget has been reversed, which can, in the upcoming years, have a positive impact on the development of military capabilities for national needs and for the needs of the Alliance. For the Republic of Slovenia, NATO membership is still the most effective and rational solution to ensure its national security; however, the nation should lend solidarity by taking its share of the burden. Key words NATO, Slovenian Armed Forces, military capabilities, deterrence posture, adaptation.

Russia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Zysk
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Human Capabilities ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
Force Structure ◽  
Military Transformation ◽  
Defence Sector ◽  
The Military

The Russian armed forces and military thought have been undergoing a historic transition. Following several failed attempts at military reforms since the 1990s, it became increasingly clear that the organizational structure, operational doctrines, and weaponry of Soviet provenience were poorly adapted to the radically changed security environment, as well as to Russia’s economic, material, and human capabilities. Since Vladimir Putin’s second presidential term, the political will to prioritize the defence sector has systematically increased and eventually led to a comprehensive military transformation. A new command and force structure, massive introduction of new materiel, and sharply increased quality and quantity of training have been accompanied by doctrinal revisions to accommodate changing forms of warfare. Nevertheless, the modernization efforts have been unevenly distributed and in some cases incoherent, undermined by inadequate industrial, technological, socio-economic, and demographic resources. The end objective of the military transformation remains a subject of an ongoing discussion.

scholarly journals RAZVOJ SPECIALNIH SIL SV IN IZKUŠNJE IZ AFGANISTANA

2016 ◽  
pp. 47-62
Author(s):  
KRISTIAN BERŠNAK
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Special Forces ◽  
Special Operations ◽  
Peacekeeping Operations ◽  
Basic Task ◽  
International Environment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Special Operations Forces ◽  
The Republic

Slovenska vojska je od osamosvojitve do danes dosegla velik napredek pri razvoju zmogljivosti specialnih sil, kar s svojo vrhunsko usposobljenostjo in pripravljenostjo ter interoperabilnostjo s sorodnimi enotami Nata v praksi nenehno potrjuje njena Enota za specialno delovanje (ESD). Potencial enote se kaže predvsem pri izpolnjevanju obveznosti RS v mednarodnih operacijah in na misijah. Članek na primeru delovanja ESD ponuja razmislek o povezanosti med razvojnim konceptom specialnih sil SV ter njihovo resnično »in field« uporabo. Najvidnejši primer delovanja ESD v mirovnih operacijah in na misijah je bila napotitev v sklopu dvajsetega slovenskega kontingenta v operacijo Isafa. Element ESD je kot del Desete skupne bojne skupine za specialno delovanje pod vodstvom komponentnega poveljstva specialnih sil Isafa prvič v zgodovini SV sodeloval v operacijah specialnih sil Nata, in sicer v smislu nekonvencionalnega delovanja, s temeljno nalogo vojaške pomoči afganistanskim varnostnim silam. SV je z delovanjem elementa ESD v sklopu specialnih sil Isafa potrdila svoje zmogljivosti v praksi in tako v zahtevnem mednarodnem okolju dokazala, da je strateški koncept RS, povezan z razvojem specialnih sil SV, pravilen in predvsem uresničljiv. Since Slovenia’s independence to date, the Slovenian Armed Forces (SAF) achieved significant progress in developing the capabilities of special forces. This is being continuously confirmed by SAF Special Operations Unit (SOU) in practice with its superior competence and readiness as well as the interoperability with similar NATO units. The unit’s potential is mainly reflected in the fulfilment of the obligations of the Republic of Slovenia in international operations and missions. Using the example of SOU operations, the article provides a reflection on the relationship between the development concept of SAF Special Operations Unit and its actual in field use. The most visible example of SOU activities in peacekeeping operations and missions was the deployment of the 20th Slovenian contingent to the ISAF operation. For the first time in the history of the SAF, the SOU element which was subordinated to the Combined Special Operations Task Force 10 led by Combined Forces Special Operations Component Command - Afghanistan participated in NATO special operations forces in terms of unconventional operations. Its basic task was to provide military assistance to the Afghan security forces. With the engagement of SOU element within ISAF special forces the SAF confirmed its capabilities in practice and proved in the international environment that the strategic concept of the Republic of Slovenia associated with the development of SAF special forces was accurate and fully implementable.

scholarly journals EDITORIAL

2012 ◽  
pp. 9-10
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Security System ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
Defence Budget ◽  
Imple Mentation ◽  
The Future ◽  
Defence Strategy ◽  
The Republic

You are looking at this year’s second issue which is dedicated to the Slovenian national security system, the role of the armed forces within it, and their future. The authors of this issue primarily come from the areas of the military and defence. It may be a coincidence, but the Slovenian national security system, the Slovenian Armed Forces and their future seem to play a less important role in times of solving other more challenging issues and situations. The need for rationality, economy, innovativeness and the achievement of maximum possible impact with minimum resources used is understandable, yet the national security system, as an integral part of international security, may thus become very fragile and vulnerable. The French economist and statesman of the 17th century, Jean-Baptiste Colbert, believed that trade was the source of finance, while finance was the vital nerve of war. Is it possible to assume that the lack of trade, and thus finance, may lead to social unrest and, consequently, the destabilisation of the national security system? Constant cuts in the defence budget should not hinder thinking and writing about the future of the Slovenian national security system and its individual elements which include the defence system and the Slovenian Armed Forces. What are the challen- ges and opportunities? In the introduction, Lieutenant-General Ştefan Dănilă, Chief of the General Staff of the Romanian Armed Forces expresses his views on the Role and use of the armed forces in the future. His thoughts are published at the beginning of this issue to give readers the impression of how the future of the armed forces is viewed in the country about ten times larger than Slovenia. Pavel Vuk, Sašo Nacevski and Renata Vrtovšek address the Defence strategy in the hierarchy of strategic documents on national security of the Republic of Slovenia by carrying out a comparative analysis of defence strategies of six countries and pre- senting guidelines for the preparation of a new defence strategy of the Republic of Slovenia. Gregor Garb devotes his attention to the Role of financial resources in the imple- mentation of a modern security paradigm regarding defence in selected countries. He describes and compares guidelines for the funding of defence systems in five countries – the Republic of Slovenia and its neighbours. Ivan Žnidar acquaints readers with Transformation challenges to safety and security at Slovenian sea. He states that comprehensive approach, cooperation, coordination and integration of various services for safety at sea present some of the answers to the question of the rationalisation of the modern security environment. Boris Rutar presents the Human Terrain System in the case of Afghanistan. He informs readers of achievements and applicability as well as new opportunities for NATO members. Blažka Erznožnik writes about the Importance of security forces training for the stabilisation of Afghanistan: NATO literacy project and the role of the Slovenian Armed Forces. She believes that the elimination of illiteracy presents a perfectly obvious means of support that significantly contributes to the long-term stability of Afghanistan and exposes the social usefulness of the armed forces. To conclude, a country’s stability depends on its financial situation, which in turn affects its defence capability.

scholarly journals The Role of the Ecuadorian Armed Forces: Historical Structure and Changing Security Environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Milton Reyes Herrera ◽  
Katalina Barreiro Santana ◽  
Diego Pérez Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Peace Treaty ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
The Face ◽  
Regional Order ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The Republic

This work addresses the central points of the construction process of the Ecuadorian Armed Forces to the new challenges, perceptions and responses related to the present environment of security and defense, from a structural and long-term historical perspective, which allows the understanding of this institution as key component of the complex Ecuadorian State-society, and its relations with different moments in the world and regional order. As an introductory point, a historical reading is presented, addressing the period between the conformation of the Republic to the culmination of the delimitation of its land border; in a second moment, the Pre and Pos scenario of the Peace Treaty with Peru from 1998 to 2007 will be analyzed; later it reviews the scenarios, perceptions and responses of Ecuador in the face of changes in the security environment in the decade 2008-2019.

scholarly journals EDITORIAL

2012 ◽  
pp. 9-10
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Military History ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Professional Military Education ◽  
International Environment ◽  
The Republic

Ten years after the decision has been made on a gradual cancellation of conscription and the formation of professional armed forces complemented by voluntary reserve, questions occurred how successful the professionalization of the Slovenian Armed Forces had been. Has the objective set with the professional armed forces project (PROVOJ) been attained or is the professionalization, as one of the authors in this issue claims, only a path and never the end state – a path to the establishment of the profession of arms. Today, the Slovenian Armed Forces became what it has been planned to become – predominantly professional armed forces. How close or how far is the Slovenian Armed Forces from the profession of arms and what are its characteristics and chal- lenges? These are only a few of the questions we attempted to answer in the present issue – the questions which will have to be answered by the officer and NCO corps. Those two groups of people which are perhaps satisfied with the fact that we consti- tute nothing but one more group of state officials in public administration, or maybe wish to build the profession of arms – such with identifiable relations, characteristic of a military organisation, and organisational culture, but mainly with explicit care and responsibility towards expert authority. A profession with identifiable military intelligentsia – such possessed by other social spheres, such as health care, which, in addition to undeniable expert authority, has also managed to establish a large degree of immunity against politics. How close we are to finding the answers to the questions about today’s military professionalism and profession is also evident from the messages the authors have provided in this issue’s articles. We in the editorial board admit to have had greater ambitions and expectations regarding the responsiveness of Slovenian Armed Forces members. Indeed, the response can be one of the indicators showing the situation after ten years. Igor Kotnik based his article Professionalization of the Slovenian Armed Forces – a goal or a path on the project Transition to Professional Armed Forces Complemented with Contractual Reserve (PROVOJ) which started in 2003. The author defines today’s situation and wonders how we should continue in the given circumstances and with the restrictions he divides into nine thematic challenges. In his article Military profession and a professional officer yesterday, today and tomorrow Viktor Potočnik tries to answer the questions how the terms profession of arms and professional officer are defined today and how the Slovenian Armed Forces should tackle the question of profession of arms and professional officer development. The article by Mojca Pešec and Uroš Krek Can the process of professional military education create military strategists presents the authors’ views of the education programmes for military strategists in Slovenia from the theoretical and practical point of view. The authors also substantiate the need for more intensive and better quality strategic theory study programmes. Slovenian military history tradition and military history memory were discussed by Vladimir Prebilič and Jelena Juvan in their article (Non)existence of Slovenian military identity, where they established who in fact was fit to define Slovenian military tradition and how it would be strengthened in the future. Žarko Henigman and Anže Rode claim that the main purpose of their article entitled Guidelines for the development of 21st century intelligence and security activities was to analyse the functioning of intelligence and security sector in the Republic of Slovenia in the field of defence and to propose several solutions for a more rational and better quality performing of the mission, adapted to new challenges. In the article Fire support management systems in modern armed forces Jurij Jurtela highlights the importance of the development of such systems at a national level and their interoperability with fire support management systems of other countries to provide an effective joint effort in the international environment. Dear readers of Contemporary Military Challenges, the aim of this thematic issue is to once again motivate you to think about and take part in the development of new contributions with topical military and defence subjects.

DIRECTIONS AND CAUSES OF CHANGES IN THE COMMAND SYSTEM AND ORGANIZATION OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (31) ◽  
pp. 93-104
Author(s):  
Wiesław Kamiński
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
International Security ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
North Atlantic Treaty Organization ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Republic

The article presents the directions and causes of changes in the command system and organization of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland. It presents issues related to the changes that took place in the Polish Armed Forces after 1989 resulting from changes in the international security environment and resulting from Polish accession to the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

scholarly journals The withdrawal of the Soviet/Russian armed forces and the end of the occupation (Essay of the chronology of the troop withdrawal negotiations)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
Vladimir Jarmolenko
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Russian State ◽  
International Environment ◽  
The Republic

This speech discusses the withdrawal of the Russian troops from the Republic of Lithuania mostly based on some personal recollections and the integration of research conclusions reached so far in the scholarly literature. The paper outlines the international environment which made the withdrawal of Russian troops from Lithuania possible, the goals of the Lithuanian side and the peaceful means to achieve them as well as the responsibility of foreign occupations resting upon the shoulders of Russian state then and now, as the legal heir of the Soviet Union. This speech is to be perceived as an exercise of historical memory.

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