scholarly journals Capturing agency in different educational settings. A comparative study on youth perceptions of mobility-framing structures

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-29
Author(s):  
Tabea Schlimbach ◽  
Jan Skrobanek ◽  
Emilia Kmiotek-Meier ◽  
Volha Vysotskaya
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Analytic Framework ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
Individual Perceptions ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Youth Perceptions

The geographical mobility of young Europeans takes place within institutional realms that frame young people´s educational and vocational situations. These institutional framings provide unequal preconditions for going abroad. Starting from an action-oriented theoretical approach, the aim of this work was to explore young people´s international moves within different mobility settings. Based on 52 qualitative interviews with mobile youth from three mobility fields in three countries (students from Luxembourg, employees in Norway and Luxembourg and apprentices from Germany), the dynamic concept of context-sensitive mobility-related modes of action (MRMA) was developed. The applied analytic framework reflects the fact that individual perceptions and actions relating to going abroad differ greatly according to the young people’s specific current educational/vocational situations. Moreover, the comparative approach sheds light on different dimensions of inequality caused by these framing systems.

scholarly journals Preventing School and Social Exclusion: A French–British Comparative Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-120 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
European Countries ◽  
School Level ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Life Chances ◽  
Initial Results

Statistics in European countries show the same trends, for example: social inclusion depends on inclusion in education, training or employment, and life chances are greatly improved if the level of qualifications is high; in all European countries, economic growth still leads to the existence of ‘pockets’ of poverty and economic and social relegation. The schools whose students get results below the national average are located in such areas. Nevertheless, educational policies for addressing disaffected young people in European countries are different, as they are linked with choices made among the European paradigms of social exclusion and models of schooling. This article extends the findings from a comparative study for which Professors Carl Parsons and Danielle Zay were responsible in the European Interreg programme. Research teams in France and England included academics and practitioners in two disadvantaged regions, Nord Pas-de-Calais on the French side and Kent on the English side. The study aimed to find practices and strategies likely to help disaffected young people. The comparative approach was worthwhile since the two countries represent opposing perspectives on exclusion and its prevention at school level among the European paradigms. The English and French teams' approach was drawn from the same theoretical background, the same paradigm of school and social exclusion. The starting question which articulates the others was: How can schools deal with problems which come from elsewhere? This article introduces the results of this collaborative inquiry, addressing both the schools' staff and young people in schools, many of whom were dropping in and out of school. It was these initial results that prompted us to submit a new Interreg project as a development from the previous one.

Comparing Post-communist Authoritarianism in Russia and China

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
Elite Politics ◽  
Significant Divergence

The studies of post-communist Russia and China have traditionally been dominated by single-case studies and within-region comparisons. This chapter explores why the CAS of post-communist Russia and China is difficult, why it is rare, and how it could yield significant and unique intellectual payoffs. The cross-regional comparative study of anti-corruption campaigns in contemporary Russia and China is used as an example in this chapter to argue that a well-matched and context-sensitive comparison could reveal significant divergence in the elite politics and institutional capacities of these regimes that would otherwise likely be obscured by single-case studies or studies restricted to one single geographical area such as “Eastern Europe” or “East Asia.” By breaking Russia and China out of their respective “regions,” the CAS perspective thus enables us to better capture the full range of existing diversity of post-communist authoritarianism.

scholarly journals Cocaine Rituals in Club Culture: Intensifying and Controlling Alcohol Intoxication

2021 ◽  
pp. 002204262098651
Author(s):  
Marit Edland-Gryt
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Young People ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Cocaine Use ◽  
Interaction Rituals ◽  
Collective Effervescence ◽  
Drinking Culture ◽  
Cocaine Users ◽  
And Control

Clubbing is an important part of the nighttime economy, and cocaine use is, for some young people, an essential part of this clubbing culture. However, the interaction rituals around the use of powder cocaine in this context remain understudied. This study is based on qualitative interviews with young adult recreational cocaine users ( n = 28) and explores how they use cocaine in club settings, in relation to rituals and drinking culture. The analysis identified three main explanations for using cocaine: (a) unity with friends because of shared transgression, (b) the high as a “collective effervescence,” and (c) the possibility to control, extend, and intensify drinking to intoxication. These three explanations illustrate how cocaine rituals were deeply integrated in drinking-to-intoxication rituals, and how the illegality of cocaine use reinforced feelings of unity with friends. In the nighttime economy, cocaine use and its related rituals are used to intensify and control alcohol-fuelled partying.

scholarly journals Treating sleep problems in young people at ultra-high-risk of psychosis: study protocol for a single-blind parallel group randomised controlled feasibility trial (SleepWell)

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e045235
Author(s):  
Felicity Waite ◽  
Thomas Kabir ◽  
Louise Johns ◽  
Jill Mollison ◽  
Apostolos Tsiachristas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Feasibility Trial ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Ultra High Risk ◽  
Randomised Controlled

BackgroundEffective interventions, targeting key contributory causal factors, are needed to prevent the emergence of severe mental health problems in young people. Insomnia is a common clinical issue that is problematic in its own right but that also leads to the development and persistence of psychotic experiences. The implication is that treating sleep problems may prevent the onset of psychosis. We collected initial case series data with 12 young people at ultra-high-risk of psychosis. Post-intervention, there were improvements in sleep, depression and psychotic experiences. Now we test the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial, with a clinical aim to treat sleep problems and hence reduce depression, psychotic experiences, and prevent transition to psychosis.Methods and analysisA randomised controlled feasibility trial will be conducted. Forty patients aged 14 to 25 years who are at ultra-high-risk of psychosis and have sleep disturbance will be recruited from National Health Service (NHS) mental health services. Participants will be randomised to receive either a novel, targeted, youth-focussed sleep intervention in addition to usual care or usual care alone. Assessor-blinded assessments will be conducted at baseline, 3 months (post-intervention) and 9 months (follow-up). The eight-session psychological intervention will target the key mechanisms which disrupt sleep: circadian rhythm irregularities, low sleep pressure, and hyperarousal. To gain an in-depth understanding of participants’ views on the acceptability of the intervention and study procedures, 16 participants (n=10 intervention, n=6 control) will take part in qualitative interviews. Analyses will focus on feasibility outcomes (recruitment, retention, and treatment uptake rates) and provide initial CI estimates of intervention effects. Thematic analysis of the qualitative interviews will assess the acceptability of the intervention and trial procedures.Ethics and disseminationThe trial has received ethical approval from the NHS Health Research Authority. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations, and lay networks.Trial registration numberISRCTN85601537.

scholarly journals Time to Work—Opposing Political Rationality with Young Peoples’ Experiences of Working in a Mandatory Activation Context in Norway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Moen Gjersøe ◽  
Anne Leseth
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Work Relations ◽  
Political Discourses ◽  
Political Rationality ◽  
Employment Education ◽  
Linear Manner

AbstractThis paper argues that young people, targeted by activation policies, had several temporal experiences with work that can contribute to broadening our understanding of labour market policy for this group of young people. By drawing on qualitative interviews with young people not in employment, education, or training (NEET) in a Norwegian activation context, and by applying anthropological and sociological concepts on temporality and work time in our analysis, we question how time is constructed and reproduced in the establishment of work relations among this group of people. We argue that political discourses of work inclusion for young adults (NEETs) tend to portray work as a means to an end for inclusion. In doing so, they fail to address the complex temporal dimension of work. We find that young adults have a range of complex experiences where disparity between formal and informal aspects of work becomes visible. The temporal dimension of these experiences and the relativity of speed in getting a job are not experienced in a linear manner but as churning between getting a job, having a job, and losing a job.

Comparative Study of Different Activation Treatments for the Preparation of Activated Carbon: A Mini-Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Imran Din ◽  
Sania Ashraf ◽  
Azeem Intisar
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms ◽  
Temperature Activation ◽  
Activation Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Characterisation Techniques

In this review, various methods of preparation of activated carbon from agricultural and commercial waste material are reviewed. In addition, we also discuss various activation treatments using a comparative approach. The data are organised in tabulated form for ease of comparative study. A review of numerous characterisation techniques is also provided. The effect of time and temperature, activation conditions, carbonisation conditions and impregnation ratios are explained and several physical and chemical activation treatments of raw materials and their impact on the micro- and mesoporous volumes and surface area are discussed. Lastly, a review of adsorption mechanisms of activated carbon (AC) is also provided.

Open access to scientific information: comparative study in DOAJ

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4/5) ◽  
pp. 364-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tereza Stoyanova Trencheva ◽  
Tania Yordanova Todorova
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Global Movement ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Important Position ◽  
The Moment

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to provide a comparative retrospective analysis of Bulgarian, Turkish and Croatian Open Access (OA) journals added in Directory of Open Access journals (DOAJ) in the period 2002-2013. Design/methodology/approach – First of all, the study is focussed on brief review of definitions and descriptions of the OA as a global movement. In the study were analyzed the three main OA initiatives and was shown the difference between Golden Road and Green Road. Second of all, the authors used the comparative approach and made a comparative study of the OA journals in Bulgaria, Turkey and Croatia and present the evaluation results and findings. Findings – Qualitative and quantitative data for the study are collected by the DOAJ. The data are analyzed in terms of quantity and period, and the results are presented graphically and tabular and finally there are made major specific conclusions and recommendations. Originality/value – The paper shows that OA in the digital space has an important position in scientific research. There are many discussion issues related to the problems of OA, but overall study of OA to scientific information, and in particular comparative study of Bulgarian, Turkish and Croatian journals in the DOAJ does not exist at the moment.

scholarly journals Educational and work resources and orientations of young people in Serbia in the period of unblocked postsocialist transformation

Sociologija ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 245-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Mojic
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Family Resources ◽  
Transitional Regime ◽  
Work Transitions ◽  
System Resources ◽  
The Individual

Educational and work resources as well as orientations have been analyzed in the paper in the wider context of education-to-work transitions of young people in Serbia during the period of unblocked postsocialist transformation. By using the theoretical approach of social biographies and results of the research on transitional regimes the intention has been to point to social and cultural context and their influence on youth resources and orientations in creation of education-to-work social biographies. Hypothesis about the existence of elements of sub-protective and postsocialist transitional regime has been confirmed, since the results showed that the scarcity of system resources and possession of family resources to a large extent shape the individual pathways of young people in education-to-work sphere.

scholarly journals Without a Safety Net: Precarization Among Young Danish Employees

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Lykke Nielsen ◽  
Anne Görlich ◽  
Regine Grytnes ◽  
Johnny Dyreborg
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Political Conditions

Precarisation’ is one of the concepts that has become important in efforts to explain how neoliberal politics and changed economic conditions produce new forms of marginalization and increased insecurity. The aim of this article is to examine how subjectivity is produced among young Danish employees through socio-material processes of precarization at workplaces and employment projects. Drawing on ethnographic observations and qualitative interviews with 35 young employees and young people ‘Neither in Education, Employment or Training’ (NEET), the three case examples show how processes of precarization, rooted in global economic and political conditions, can be understood as situated contextual practices. It is demonstrated how being positioned as an easily replaceable source of labor is shaping young people’s processes of subjectification.

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