scholarly journals Farmer Mentoring in Determining Fertilization Dosage of Corn Plants (Zea Mays L.) Using Soil Test Equipment

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
Johanes Amirrullah ◽  
Yanter Hutapea ◽  
NPS Ratmini ◽  
Agung Prabowo
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Test Equipment ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Marginal Soils ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Fertility Analysis

Amirrullah J, Hutapea Y, Ratmini NPS, Prabowo A. 2020. Farmer mentoring in determining fertilization dosage of corn plants (Zea mays L.) using soil test equipment. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal: Journal of Suboptimal Lands 9(1): 102-108.Balanced fertilization is very important to do in marginal soils. The constraints in the use of marginal soils are physical, chemical and biological soil characteristics which do not support planting growth. Determination of fertilizer dosage for corn commodity in one region can be different depending on the available nutrient content that testing needs to be carried out. This study aimed to mentor farmers in taking appropriate soil samples and determined fertilizer doses according to location specifications and application of fertilizers on target using the Dry Soil Test Kit (Perangkat Uji Tanah Kering). This activity was carried out in Fajar Jaya Village, Ogan Komering Ulu District in February 2019.  The results of the soil analysis of the location used as a demonstration plot derived from the results of low soil fertility analysis with soil acidity at pH 4-5 with acid crystals, moderate P, K and C-organic nutrients were relatively low. The recommended fertilizer is as follows: urea 325 kg/ha given 3 times, one-third the dose, carried out 1 MST, 4 MST and 6 MST; TSP 200 kg/ha; KCl 125 kg/ha; 5,000 kg/ha of compost and 1,000 kg/ha of lime stocked during tillage 1 week before planting. Fertilization application method applied by farmers is not in accordance with the recommendations; consequently, it is necessary to fertilize to increase nutrient content.

scholarly journals Nitric Oxide as an Attenuator of Ecophysiological Changes in Corn (Zea mays L.) Plants Submitted to Copper Toxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 735
Author(s):  
Ana Ecidia de Araújo Brito ◽  
Jessica Suellen Silva Teixeira ◽  
Diana Jhulia Palheta de Sousa ◽  
Evelyn Fátima Lima de Souza ◽  
Gabriel Ito dos Santos Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Copper Toxicity ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Nitric Oxide Donor ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Ps Ii ◽  
Corn Plants

The aim of this work was to evaluate the attenuating effect of the nitric oxide donor (sodium nitroprusside-NPS) on the ecophysiological responses of corn plants (Zea mays L.) submitted to copper toxicity. The corn seeds of the K9606 VIP3 variety were soaked for 48 hours in Germitest with solution containing treatment with sodium nitroprusside Na2 [Fe (CN) 5 NO] 2H2O (0, 200 and 300µM), sodium ferrocyanide Na4Fe (CN) 6 ( 300, 100 and 0 µM) respectively and deionized water (control), sown in buckets with 15 kg of soil incubated for 50 days containing copper concentrations CuSO4.5H2O (0, 60 and 200 mg kg-1). The design consisted of randomized blocks with 12 treatments and 4 repetitions, making a total of 48 plants. in ecophysiological variables: height, leaf area and number of leaves, stem diameter increased by 32, 66% and 11.29% in the treatments with 60 mg kg-1 of copper and 200 mg kg-1 of copper, respectively. There was no effect of treatments on the chlorophyll content measured by the SPAD index and gas exchange. The chlorophyll a fluorescence variables indicate that the concentration of 200 mg kg-1 of copper caused damage to the structure of the PS II reaction center complexes and indicate a slightly protective effect of nitric oxide-NO present in sodium nitroprusside and cyanide present in sodium ferrocyanide, reflecting a smooth functioning of the maximum activity of photosystem II and the electron transport chain.

scholarly journals SKRINNING FITOKIMIA, UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN TABIR SURYA PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)

PHARMACON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
David Albert Pangemanan ◽  
Edi Suryanto ◽  
Paulina V. Y. Yamlean
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Compounds ◽  
A Value ◽  
Maximum Protection ◽  
Area North ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Corn Kernels

ABSTRACT Corn (Zea Mays L.) is widely developed in Indonesia. Corn kernels showed total phenolic and antioxidant activity. Antioxidants have the potential as photoprotectors, therefore, plants containing phenolic compounds can be used in the prevention of free radicals. For this reason, researcher is interested in further researching the phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity and sunscreen testing from extracts of stems, leaves, hair and leaf wrapping from corn (Zea mays L.). The samples used were corn plants (corn silk, corn leaves, corn stalks and leaf wrapping corn) originating from Kauditan area, North Minahasa. The results of the study showed that the leaf contained saponin and flavonoid compounds, the stem contained alkaloid and saponin compounds, the hair contained alkaloid and flavonoid compounds, and the leaf wrapping only contained alkaloid compounds. The highest to lowest total phenolic content values starting from the stem were 46.93 μg / mL, the leaf wrapping 37.76 μg / mL, the leaf 26.63 μg / mL and hair 14.49 μg / mL. The leaf has the highest antioxidant activity with a value of 72.81% followed by 62.87% stem then wrapping leaf 43.13%  and finally hair 29.14%. The SPF value of the stem was included in the ultra protection with a value of 16.117 followed by the leaves included in the maximum protection with an SPF value of 10.902. While the hair with SPF value of 0.6 and wrapping leaf with SPF value of 0.222 are included in the minimum protection. Keywords: Corn (Zea Mays L.), Sunscreen, Antioxidants, Phenol ABSTRAK Jagung (Zea Mays L.) banyak dikembangkan di Indonesia. Biji jagung menunjukkan kadar total fenolik dan aktivitas antioksidan. Antioksidan memiliki potensi sebagai fotoprotektor, oleh karena itu, tanaman yang mengandung senyawa fenolik dapat digunakan dalam pencegahan radikal bebas. Untuk itu peneliti tertarik untuk meneliti lebih lanjut tentang skrining fitokimia, uji aktivitas antioksidan dan tabir surya dari ekstrak batang, daun, rambut, dan daun pembungkus dari jagung (Zea mays L.). Sampel yang digunakan ialah tanaman jagung (rambut jagung, daun jagung, batang jagung dan daun pembungkus jagung) yang berasal dari daerah Kauditan, Minahasa Utara. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan daun mengandung senyawa saponin dan flavonoid, batang mengandung senyawa alkaloid dan saponin, rambut mengandung senyawa alkaloid dan flavonoid, dan daun pembungkus hanya mengandung senyawa alkaloid. Nilai kandungan total fenolik  yang paling tinggi sampai paling rendah dimulai dari batang sebesar 46.93 μg/mL, daun pembungkus 37.76 μg/mL, daun 26.63 μg/mL dan rambut 14.49 μg/mL. Daun memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang paling tinggi dengan nilai 72.81% diikuti oleh batang 62.87% kemudian daun pembungkus 43.13% dan yang terakhir adalah rambut 29.14%. Nilai SPF batang termasuk dalam proteksi ultra dengan nilai 16,117 diikuti oleh daun yang termasuk dalam proteksi maksimal dengan nilai SPF 10,902. Sedangkan rambut dengan nilai SPF  0,6 dan daun pembungkus dengan nilai SPF 0,222 termasuk dalam proteksi minimal. Kata Kunci : Jagung (Zea Mays L.), Tabir Surya, Antioksidan, Fenol

scholarly journals Biologi Stenocranus pacificus Kirkaldy (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) pada tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) di rumah kasa

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Dosma Ulina Simbolon ◽  
Maryani Cyccu Tobing ◽  
Darma Bakti
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Instar Nymph ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
The Third ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
North Sumatra

<p><em>Stenocranus pacificus </em>Kirkaldy (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is destructive pest on corn plants in South Lampung and it has been reported to cause corn damages in North Sumatra. The  objective of this research was to study some aspects biology of <em>S. pacificus</em> on corn plants in screenhouse. The research was conducted by observing the biology of <em>S. pacificus</em> that was reared on corn plants in screenhouse.<em> </em>The results showed that life cycle of <em>S. pacificus </em>was 38–47 (41,60 ± 3,19) days: egg was 9–11 (10,20 ± 0,79) days, the first instar nymph was 3–4 (3,70 ± 0,48) days, the second instar nymph was 3–4 (3,90 ± 0,32) days, the third instar nymph was 3–4 (3,70 ± 0,48) days, the fourth instar nymph was 3–4 (3,80 ± 0,42) days, and the fifth instar nymph was 3–4 (3,60 ± 0,52) days. Age of female was 13–17 (15,30 ± 1,34) days. It was longer than age of male which was 8–12 (10,10 ± 1,20) days. Female could produce 181–214 (197,60 ± 11,64) eggs during its life. The sex ratio was 1:1,98.</p>

Relationships Between Yield and Crown Disease of Sweet Corn Grown in the Willamette Valley of Oregon

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Nathan L. Miller ◽  
Cynthia M. Ocamb
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Analysis Program ◽  
Willamette Valley ◽  
Nodal Roots ◽  
Corn Plants

Sweet corn (Zea mays L.) yields in the Willamette Valley of Oregon declined during the 1990s. Severe root rot affected some plants shortly before harvest, but was absent in other plants that showed secondary symptoms of reduced ear yield and leaf death; necrosis of stalk nodes and crown tissues was found instead. Studies were done to determine if there is a relationship among yield and necrosis of crowns, stalk nodes, nodal roots, radicles, or sub-crown internodes. An image analysis program was used to quantify the grayscale value of crown and node tissues. Regression analysis indicates that plants with darker crown tissues have lower ear weights. Rots of the nodal roots, radicle, or sub-crown internode were poor predictors of ear weight at harvest. When either Fusarium oxysporum or F. verticillioides were isolated from crowns of commercial sweet corn plants, these crowns had significantly darker grayscale values than those from which neither species was isolated; ear weights were also lower when F. oxysporum was isolated from the crown or a stalk node. Accepted for publication 13 July 2009. Published 31 August 2009.

Effect of molybdenum deficiency on the growth and metabolism of corn plants raised in sand culture

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (16) ◽  
pp. 1905-1908 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Agarwala ◽  
C. P. Sharma ◽  
S. Farooq ◽  
C. Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Tissue Concentration ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Corn Plants

Molybdenum deficiency decreased the dry matter yield, tissue concentration of molybdenum, and chlorophyll content of corn (Zea mays L. cv. T.41) plants. Compared with the normal (control) plants, leaves of molybdenum-deficient plants had significantly lower activities of nitrate reductase, catalase, aldolase, and alanine aminotransferase and higher activities of peroxidase, β-glycerophosphatase, and ribonuclease. Within 72 h of supplying molybdenum (50 μM) to molybdenum-deficient plants, chlorophyll concentration, soluble protein, and activities of nitrate reductase, catalase, and alanine aminotransferase showed considerable recovery but the increase in the peroxidase activity was further enhanced. Supply of molybdenum to molybdenum-deficient plants did not significantly affect the activity of aldolase, ribonuclease, and β-glycerophosphatase.

scholarly journals Aluminum in corn plants: influence on growth and morpho-anatomy of root and leaf

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelli Fernandes Batista ◽  
Ismar Sebastião Moscheta ◽  
Carlos Moacir Bonato ◽  
Marcelo Augusto Batista ◽  
Odair José Garcia de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Al Toxicity ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Corn Plants

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is one of the most limiting factors for productivity. This research was carried out to assess the influence of Al nutrient solution on plant height, dry weight and morphoanatomical alterations in corn (Zea mays L.) roots and leaves. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with five treatments consisting of Al doses (0, 25, 75, 150, and 300 µmol L-1) and six replications. The solutions were constantly aerated, and the pH was initially adjusted to 4.3. The shoot dry matter, root dry matter and plant height decreased significantly with increasing Al concentrations. Compared to the control plants, it was observed that the root growth of corn plants in Al solutions was inhibited, there were fewer lateral roots and the development of the root system reduced. The leaf anatomy of plants grown in solutions containing 75 and 300 µmol L-1 Al differed in few aspects from the control plants. The leaf sheaths of the plants exposed to Al had a uniseriate epidermis coated with a thin cuticle layer, and the cells of both the epidermis and the cortex were less developed. In the vascular bundle, the metaxylem and protoxylem had no secondary walls, and the diameter of both was much smaller than of the control plants.

scholarly journals INVENTARISASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI HAMA DAN PENYAKIT UTAMA TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)

AGRICA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-165
Author(s):  
Emanuel Randy Dhena ◽  
Yustina Maria Silvia Wonga Puu
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Main Type ◽  
Corn Stalk ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Disease Attack ◽  
Insect Attack

This research was carried out in order to understand the main types of pests and diseases that affect corn, which types are most dominant and to understand the severity of these main diseases in corn. Observation of variables involved the identification of pests and diseases that attacked corn plants, the diversity of these pests and diseases as well as the intensity of the damage caused by these pests and diseases. The results of this research showed that the main type of pest and disease that attacks corn are, among others: seedling flies (Atherigonasp), grasshoppers (Oxyasp), corn stalk drillers (Ostrineafurnacalis) and leaf rust.  The most dominant type of pest or disease were grasshoppers (Oxyasp) which attacked plant leaves.  The seriousness of an attack by a pest or disease was found to be important in the seedling phase, there are many variations in between species of corn and also developed with the age of the corn.  At 12 days after planting, the incidence of insect attack was0.2% and at 33 days and 54 days after planting it was 0.32-0.47%. Whereas for disease, when observed at 33 and 54 days after planting, the average incidence of disease attack was 0.05-0.23%.  Also, when observed at 61 days and 75 days, the incidence of attack rose to 0.32-40%.

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