scholarly journals Legal Examination of Corruption on Social Assistance in State Officers in State during Emergencies / National Disasters

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1916-1924
Author(s):  
Eva Yunita Siregar ◽  
Sriono Sriono ◽  
Muhammad Yusuf Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Social Assistance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Government Official ◽  
The Republic ◽  
National Disaster ◽  
Social Affairs

Abuse often occurs among politicians and state officials or officials who have authority or power over governance. Such misuse is like bribery for Social Funding, namely by receiving a certain amount of money to enrich oneself and fulfill all needs as suspected by the Corruption Eradication Commission to the Minister of Social Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia in 2020. The acts of corruption are committed when the state is in an emergency (national disaster) will certainly have an impact on the types of lawsuits. Provisions regarding national disasters as determined by the State. This study aims to analyze from a legal point of view criminal acts in the form of corruption in covid-19 social assistance funds. The method used in this research is normative juridical. Juridical normative is a method using secondary data in the form of library materials and statutory approaches (Statute Approach) and an approach to cases related to the author's title (Case Approach). The results showed that an act of corruption committed by a government official could be punished by imprisonment, but if the act of corruption was committed in certain circumstances (emergency/disaster) then the perpetrator could be sentenced to death.

OWNERSHIP IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA AND THE STATE AS THE HOLDER OF THE PROPERTY RIGHT UNDER THE CONSTITUTION IN 1991

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1993-2005
Author(s):  
Shemsije Demiri ◽  
Rudina Kaja
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspect ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
State Function ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Republic

This paper deals with the right to property in general terms from its source in Roman law, which is the starting point for all subsequent legal systems. As a result of this, the acquisition of property rights is handled from the historical point of view, with the inclusion of various local and international literature and studies, as well as the legal aspect devoted to the respective civil codes of the states cited in the paper.Due to such socio-economic developments, state ownership and its ownership function have changed. The state function as owner of property also changed in Macedonia's property law.The new constitutional sequence of the Republic of Macedonia since 1991 became privately owned as a dominant form of ownership, however, state ownership also exists.This process of transforming social property into state or private (dissolves), in Macedonia starts from Yugoslavia through privatization, return and denationalization measures, on which basis laws on privatization have been adopted. Because of this, there will be particularly intensive negotiations regaring the remaining state assets.

Latvijas prezidenta Egila Levita runu valodiskais profils: ceremoniālā, juridiskā vai politiskā retorika?

2021 ◽  
pp. 333-345
Author(s):  
Līga Romāne-Kalniņa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Definition Of

Aristotle’s definition of rhetoric as the art of observing the available means of persuasion is one of the most widely used quotations not only in linguistics but also in social, political, and communication sciences. Aristotle, apart from defining the elements of rhetoric (logos, ethos and pathos), has proposed three types of rhetoric that refer either to the present situation (ceremonial), the past (judicial), or the future (political). The current president of Latvia and his language use is one of the most widely discussed topics across the media and academia due to the register, style, and content of his speeches. Moreover, the president of Latvia has a direct impact on how the state is perceived nationally and internationally; thus, it is significant to investigate the linguistic profile of the linguistic expression of the ideas communicated by the president to the wider public. The current study analyses 160 speeches given by president Egils Levits on nationally significant occasions as well as internationally with the aim to investigate whether the speeches of the president of Latvia correspond to the ceremonial, political or judicial rhetoric because the president represents both legal and political discourse as the former judge of the European Court of Human Rights and the former minister of Justice, and as the head of the Republic of Latvia represents the state nationally and abroad. The study is grounded in the theories on rhetoric and Critical Discourse Analysis applied to political discourse and presidential language and discussed by scholars such as Aristotle (1959), Van Dijk (2006), Chilton and Schäffner (2002), O’Keeffe (2006), Van Dijk (2008), David (2014), Wilson (2015) and Wodak and Mayer (2016). The results of the current study reveal that the speeches are a clear representation of a combination of legal, political, and ceremonial rhetoric and cross various semantic fields that are marked by the use of field terminology in combination with topos of definition and name interpretation to explain the terms directly in the speeches. The speeches by Levits are furthermore marked by relatively frequent use of loanwords, neologisms, obsolete words, and compounds that is one of the main characteristics of the linguistic profile of his speeches. Additional characteristic features are the use of parallel sentence constructions, inverted word orders, rhetorical questions, and pronominal referencing to attract the listener's attention and emphasize the thematic areas of the speeches. Nevertheless, it has been concluded that such linguistic techniques as metaphors, metonymies, synecdoche, or hyperbole are used comparatively less frequently, thus making the speeches appear more formal and less emotional from the linguistic point of view.

scholarly journals Sanksi Pidana Penyalahgunaan Pengangkutan Bahan Bakar Bersubsidi

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-285
Author(s):  
I Dewa Gede Sastra Buwana ◽  
I Wayan Rideng ◽  
I Ketut Sukadana
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
District Court ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
Legal Sanctions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

Oil and gas is a natural resource controlled by the state and is a source of vital commodities that play an important role in every human activity. The misuse of the transportation and trade of fuel subsidized by the government by certain individuals can take away the rights of the less fortunate and result in losses to the state. This research explains how to arrange the transportation or commercialization of subsidized fuel and to find out the criminal sanctions for the perpetrators of misuse of subsidized fuel. The research method used is Normative Law research. The statutory approach to the problem is to analyze from the point of view of statutory regulations and relevant theories. Sources of legal materials in this study are primary and secondary legal materials. The technique of collecting legal materials is obtained from legal literature materials by collecting, reading and recording legal materials related to the crime of misuse of subsidized fuels. The results of this study are first, the regulation of legal protection and supervision has been regulated in accordance with the provisions of Article 46 of Law No. 22 of 2001 on Oil and Gas. Second, legal sanctions against perpetrators of misuse of subsidized fuel: case at the Gianyar District Court (PN) case number 153 / Pid.Sus / 2017 / PN. Gin is cumulative in nature, as regulated in Article 55 of the Republic of Indonesia Law No. 22 of 2001, namely given a verdict in the form of a prison sentence of 10 (ten) months and a fine of 2 million rupiahs provided that if the fine is not paid, it is replaced by imprisonment for 2 (two) month

scholarly journals Konstitusionalitas Ancaman Pidana Terhadap Kejari (Penetapan Status Barang Sitaan dan Prekursor Narkotika)

Wajah Hukum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 481
Author(s):  
Emir Ardiansyah ◽  
Ulya Kencana ◽  
Romli SA
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Republic

Studies on the constitutionality of criminal threats against the Attorney General's Office (Head of the State Prosecutor's Office) in determining the status of confiscated narcotics and narcotic precursors, based on the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics, it is very necessary to do so. The regulation has an over-criminalization nuance that is detrimental to the constitutional rights of the Kejari. The research aims to analyze the role of the state in protecting the constitutional rights of the Kejari within the rule of law framework. The scope of the research describes the structure of values or norms in statutory regulations and the principles it adheres to. Legal principles are used in interpreting the Narcotics Law by linking it to the rule of law framework. The research method is normative legal research using secondary data. The results of the research revealed that the provisions in Article 141 and Article 91 paragraph (1) of the Narcotics Law have the potential to violate the constitutional rights of the Kejari. because it is not in accordance with the protection of constitutional rights in the institutional structure of the prosecutor's office, which may not be intervened in criminal law enforcement. In conclusion, the state plays a major role in implementing the protection of the constitutional rights of citizens and Kejari officials. The state is obliged to fulfill, respect and protect the constitutional rights of citizens. Institutionally, the state synergizes with the prosecutor's office must affirm the ethical and administrative areas concretely and limitatively, so as not to cause obscurity of norms and excessive criminalization of non-criminal acts to become criminal acts.

APLIKASI SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENERIMA BANTUAN SOSIAL TUNAI (BST) DENGAN METODE FUZZY TSUKAMOTO

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-55
Author(s):  
Cut Lutfianda
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Support System ◽  
System Application ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Social Affairs

The government has issued policies and programs to anticipate the handling of this pandemic, one of which is the Social Assistance Program provided through the leading sector of the Ministry of Social Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia in the form of social assistance programs provided to the poor and communities that have a socio-economic impact from the corona pandemic. One of the programs launched by the government through the Ministry of Social Affairs is the Cash Social Assistance Program or Cash Social Assistance. The research objective was to develop a decision support system application for cash social assistance recipients (BST) with the Tsukamoto fuzzy method which can be used as a tool to quickly determine BST recipients. The several stages of work consist of; data collection, analysis, design and application design, implementation, and testing and evaluation. Based on the results of research and testing of the decision support system to determine BST recipients using the Fuzzy Tsukamoto method that has been carried out by researchers, several conclusions can be drawn, namely: 1) Expert system application for finding BST recipients is an application based on rules for solving problems to determine BST recipients with a high degree of accuracy and is used as a reference for BST recipients for the government to determine the right target recipients to be selected, and 2) The results of the analysis generated from this system are the same as the results of calculations manually using the theory of the Fuzzy Tsukamoto method so that the accuracy of the results is appropriate with calculations obtained from the trial.

scholarly journals HONOUR OF THE SOLDIER

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (91) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Iveta Golta
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Administrative Procedure ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Military Law ◽  
National Defence ◽  
Ethical Requirement

In the Republic of Latvia, a soldier performs public service in the field of national defence and his/her legal status is a right guaranteed by the state, statutory duties, restrictions, and disciplinary liability, which are currently regulated by military law, administrative law and administrative procedure law. In addition to the regulation of special and general legal norms, a soldier also has important and binding moral values, because in Latvia "honour" is a characteristic of a soldier, which is inextricably linked to the soldier's profession both historically and of military service. Within the framework of the paper, the author has studied the concepts, essence, genesis and development of such values of a soldier as "honour" and "dignity", from the historical and modern point of view, both in civil life and military science. The author has also clarified their role in the legal status of a soldier and concluded that the existing legal status of a soldier should be elaborated and can be defined as a right guaranteed nowadays. Although not explicitly defined, it should be included in the legal status of a soldier as a military ethical requirement for his dignity and trust, integrity and duty in the performance by the state, statutory duties and restrictions, disciplinary liability and honor as a military ethical requirement.

scholarly journals Penguasaan Negara terhadap Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Alam Ruang Angkasa Menurut Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Athari Farhani ◽  
Ibnu Sina Chandranegara
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The People ◽  
The Republic ◽  
International Conventions

Pasca amandemen UUD Negara Republik Indonesia 1945 Pasal 33 ayat (3) yang berbunyi “Bumi, air dan kekayaan yang terkandung di dalamnya dikuasai oleh negara dan dipergunakan sebesar-besarnya bagi kemakmuran rakyat” penguasaan negara yang ada dalam Pasal 33 ayat (3) tersebut hanya mengatur pada bumi, air dan yang terkandung di dalamnya. Padahal saat ini keberadaan ruang angkasa berhubungan erat dengan hajat hidup orang banyak, salah satunya pemanfaatan GSO (geo stationary orbit) yang merupakan sumber daya alam terbatas. Sehingga hal tersebut menimbulkan masalah baru khususnya bagi Indonesia sebagai negara khatulistiwa yang mana penempatan GSO berada di atasnya. Masalah tersebut adalah bagaimana internalisasi terkait konsep penguasaan negara menurut Pasal 33 ayat (3) UUD NRI 1945 terhadap pemanfaatan sumber daya alam yang ada dalam wilayah ruang angkasa, serta bagaimana regulasi-regulasi yang mengatur terkait pemanfaatan sumber daya alam di wilayah ruang angkasa apakah sudah sesuai dipergunakan sebesar-besarnya bagi kemakmuran rakyat. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode penelitian analisis kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini memberikan gambaran bahwa keberadaan ruang angkasa memiliki peranan penting bagi setiap negara, khususnya keberadaan GSO sebagai sumber daya alam terbatas, keberadan GSO hanya ada di atas khatulistiwa dan Indonesia salah satu negara yang dilalui garis khatulistiwa. Beragam konvensi internasional yang telah disahkan ke dalam peraturan di Indonesia maupun regulasi yang ada di Indonesia berkenaan dengan pemanfaatan ruang angkasa sampai saat ini belum memberikan manfaat dan pengaturan yang komprehensif terkait memanfaatkan sumber daya alam yang terkandung dalam wilayah ruang angkasa tersebut, sehingga menjadi suatu keharusan bagi Indonesia sebagai negara yang berdaulat untuk memberikan jaminan secara konstitusional bagi keberadaan sumber daya alam yang ada dalam wilayah ruang angkasa untuk dipergunakan sebesar-besarnya bagi kemakmuran rakyat.After the amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Article 33 paragraph (3) that stated "The land, the water and the natural resources within shall be under the powers of the State and shall be used to the greatest benefit of the people" the state authorities in Article 33 paragraph (3) only regulates earth, water and and the natural resources within. Whereas today, the existence of the outer space is closely associated with the lives of many people, as such, the utilization of GSO (Geostationary Orbit) which is a limited natural resource. So that it rises new issues, especially for Indonesia as an equatorial country where the placement of GSOs is above it. The problem is how to internalization the utilization of natural resources in outer space (related to the concept of state authorities according to Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia), and how the regulation that regulates the utilitazion of natural resources in outer space are appropriately used to the greatest benefit of the people. This study aims to answer these two issuess by investigating normatively or library research. This law research conducted by analyzing secondary data from primary, secondary and tertiary materials. In this qualitative analysis research, the secondary data from primary, secondary and tertiary materials connected to each other and interpreted in order to find answers to solve the research issues. The results of this study provide an overview about the existence of outer space which has an important role for every country, especially the existence of the GSO as a limited natural resource. GSO only exists above the equator and Indonesia is one of the countries which is passed by the equator. International conventions that have been ratified into Indonesian regulations and regulations in Indonesia relating to the utilization of outer space have not provided a comprehensive benefits and regulations related to utilizing natural resources contained in these outer space areas, so that it becomes a necessity for Indonesia as a sovereign country to provide constitutional guarantees for the existence of natural resources that exist in the outer space to be used as much as possible for the prosperity of the people.

Problem aspects of mediation dispute resolution

2020 ◽  
pp. 215-233
Author(s):  
Saida Assanova ◽  
Serikkali Tynybekov ◽  
Arkhat Abikenov ◽  
Sarsengaly Aldashev ◽  
Gulyiya Mukaldyeva
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Technical Progress ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Republic

Legal features of dispute resolution in the order of mediation are of particular in-terest in connection with the relatively new and unexamined, from a scientific point of view, phenomenon of modernity, arising from increasing processes of globalization and internationalization of legal systems, as well as scientific and technical progress. This article is devoted to the scientific study of the international legal regulation of such phenomena as mediation on the example of the analysis of the legislation of foreign countries, and law of the Republic of Kazakhstan. This article presents various points of view of international and Kazakh scientists on the subject of dispute resolution in the mediation procedure. It was concluded that the mediation has a number of advantages, which satisfies the need of a person, society and the state to solve conflicts quickly and efficiently with minimal losses.

scholarly journals KEDUDUKAN KEJAKSAAN SEBAGAI PELAKSANA KEKUASAAN NEGARA DI BIDANG PENUNTUTAN DALAM STRUKTUR KETATANEGARAAN INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
DIAN ROSITA
Keyword(s):  
State Power ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Judicial Power ◽  
The Public ◽  
Executive Authority ◽  
State Administration ◽  
Judicial Authority ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Government Institution

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p align="center"> </p><p class="Style2">Selama ini pengaturan kedudukan Kejaksaan tidak diatur secara tegas dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 hanya disebut secara eksplisit dalam Pasal 24 ayat (3) UUD NRI Tahun 1945 yang menyatakan, “Badan-badan lain yang fungsinya berkaitan dengan kekuasaan kehakiman diatur dalan undang-undang.” Pasal 2 ayat (1) Undang –Undang Kejaksaan No. 16 Tahun 2004 tentang Kejaksaan menyebutkan bahwa Kejaksaan adalan lembaga pemerintah yang melaksanakan kekuasaan Negara dibidang penuntutan serta kewenangan lain yang berdasarkan undang-undang. Sehingga secara kelembagaan berada di bawah kekuasaan eksekutif namun dalam menjalankan tugas dan fungsinya  merupakan bagian dari kekuasaan yudikatif yang menjadikan ketidakjelasan kedudukan Kejaksaan dalam struktur ketatanegaraan Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan spesifikasi penelitian yang bersifat preskriptis analitis. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder, yaitu data yang diperoleh melalui bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Simpulan yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian ini adalah kedudukan Kejaksaan yang secara kelembagaan berada di bawah kekuasaan eksekutif dan secara kewenangan dalam melaksanakan tugas dan fungsinya termasuk bagian dari kekuasaan yudikatif menyebabkan Kejaksaan rawan terhadap intervensi kekuasaan lainnya dalam melaksanakan  tugas dan fungsinya sebagai pelaksana kekuasaan negara di bidang penuntutan. Serta untuk mewujudkan kekuasaan penuntutan yang independen maka perlu untuk melakukan reposisi kedudukan Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia</p><p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>So far, the regulation of the Public Prosecutor's Office is not expressly stipulated in the 1945 Constitution of the State of the Republic of Indonesia. It is only mentioned explicitly in Article 24 Paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia which states, "Other bodies whose functions relate to the judicial authority are regulated in legislation" Article 2 paragraph (1) of the Prosecutor's Law No. 16 of 2004 on the Prosecutor's Office. It states that the Attorney is a government institution that exercises state power in the field of prosecution and other authorities based on the law. So that institutionally, it is under the executive authority but in carrying out its duties and functions it is part of the judicial power that makes the ambiguity of the position of the Prosecutor in the structure of the state administration. This research used normative juridical method with analytic prescriptive research specification. The type of data used in this study is secondary data, data were secondary data which gained from primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The conclusion derived from the results of this study is the position of the Attorney which is institutionally under the authority of the executive. Further, its authority in carrying out its duties and functions includes part of the judicial power, it causes the Attorney is prone to other power intervention in carrying out its duties and functions as the executor of state power in the field of prosecution. To realize the power of independent prosecution, it is necessary to reposition the position of the Prosecutor of the Republic of Indonesia.</em></p><p class="Style2"> </p>

scholarly journals Board Communities in Formation of Qanun Regional in Aceh Parliament

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
S. Amirulkamar ◽  
Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
General Election ◽  
Government Official ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Unitary State ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Authority

The Government system of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia according to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia recognizes and respects special or special regional government units (Special in the Religious Field, Special in the Field of Education and Special in the Customary Field) regulated by Constitution. In this case the Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD), which is abbreviated as DPRD, but names Aceh as a Provincial Region in the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia system based on the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and the title of elected government official will be determined by the DPRA after the 2009 general election. This is only a change in the legal nomenclature with the status remains in the position of Aceh Privileges. This long journey is the existence of the Council community in the formation of the Regional Qanun in the Aceh Parliament in the form of a legislative body as one of the tools of the DPRA that manages the formation of the Regional Qanun which is carried out jointly with the Regional Head. This is done with the delegation of government authority to the Regional Regions as a political tool in the struggle for human rights and the rights of social aspirations, as well as the Aceh People's Representative Council or the Aceh DPR as a nomenclature of legislative institutions in regions that have legitimated importance in governance. The regulation of laws and regulations in Indonesia as a constitutional basis for the 1945 Constitution of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia article 18B paragraph (1) states that "the State recognizes and respects special or special regional government units that are regulated by laws invite.

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