scholarly journals About Some Actual Problems of the Methodology of Research of State Legal Phenomena

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-281
Author(s):  
Vladimir Valentinovich Kozhevnikov
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Historical Materialism ◽  
Methodological Principle ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Philosophical Method ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Religious Philosophy ◽  
Human Thought ◽  
Scientific Pluralism ◽  
Methodological Problems

This scientific article is devoted to the consideration of some methodological problems of the study of state and legal phenomena. The main purpose of the work is to draw the attention of the scientific community to those general theoretical methodological issues that are ambiguously solved by scientists and which are important for legal science. To achieve this goal during the study, the following tasks were solved: 1) substantiate the importance and necessity of the general philosophical method; 2) to argue the unacceptability of the religious and moral approach to the study of state and legal reality; 3) dialectically assess such a methodological principle as the principle of scientific pluralism. In conclusion, it is concluded that, firstly, that general philosophical methods, in particular and especially the method of dialectical and historical materialism, which form the methodological basis for the scientific study of state-legal phenomena, should not be ignored, because they reveal the most general laws of the movement of human thought to the truth, concentrating all the most important and essential that is contained in other methods; secondly, the religious philosophy of believers should not be included in the potential of the methodology of cognition of state and legal reality; thirdly, the methodological principle of scientific pluralism must have appropriate boundaries.

scholarly journals Logical and Methodological Issues Affecting Genetic Studies of Humans Reported in Top Neuroscience Journals

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara R. Grabitz ◽  
Katherine S. Button ◽  
Marcus R. Munafò ◽  
Dianne F. Newbury ◽  
Cyril R. Pernet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Multiple Comparisons ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Standardized Reporting ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
Methodological Problems

Genetics and neuroscience are two areas of science that pose particular methodological problems because they involve detecting weak signals (i.e., small effects) in noisy data. In recent years, increasing numbers of studies have attempted to bridge these disciplines by looking for genetic factors associated with individual differences in behavior, cognition, and brain structure or function. However, different methodological approaches to guarding against false positives have evolved in the two disciplines. To explore methodological issues affecting neurogenetic studies, we conducted an in-depth analysis of 30 consecutive articles in 12 top neuroscience journals that reported on genetic associations in nonclinical human samples. It was often difficult to estimate effect sizes in neuroimaging paradigms. Where effect sizes could be calculated, the studies reporting the largest effect sizes tended to have two features: (i) they had the smallest samples and were generally underpowered to detect genetic effects, and (ii) they did not fully correct for multiple comparisons. Furthermore, only a minority of studies used statistical methods for multiple comparisons that took into account correlations between phenotypes or genotypes, and only nine studies included a replication sample or explicitly set out to replicate a prior finding. Finally, presentation of methodological information was not standardized and was often distributed across Methods sections and Supplementary Material, making it challenging to assemble basic information from many studies. Space limits imposed by journals could mean that highly complex statistical methods were described in only a superficial fashion. In summary, methods that have become standard in the genetics literature—stringent statistical standards, use of large samples, and replication of findings—are not always adopted when behavioral, cognitive, or neuroimaging phenotypes are used, leading to an increased risk of false-positive findings. Studies need to correct not just for the number of phenotypes collected but also for the number of genotypes examined, genetic models tested, and subsamples investigated. The field would benefit from more widespread use of methods that take into account correlations between the factors corrected for, such as spectral decomposition, or permutation approaches. Replication should become standard practice; this, together with the need for larger sample sizes, will entail greater emphasis on collaboration between research groups. We conclude with some specific suggestions for standardized reporting in this area.

Methodological Issues in MIS Cross-Cultural Research

2011 ◽  
pp. 49-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Karahanna ◽  
Roberto Evaristo ◽  
Mark Srite
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Measurement Artifacts ◽  
Comparative Nature

This paper presents a discussion of methodological issues that are relevant and idiosyncratic to cross-cultural research. One characteristic that typifies cross-cultural studies is their comparative nature, i.e., they involve a comparison across two separate cultures on a focal phenomenon. When differences across cultures are observed, the question arises as to whether the results are true cultural differences or merely measurement artifacts. Methodological considerations in cross-cultural research focus on ruling out alternative explanations for these differences and thus enhancing the interpretability of the results. The paper presents an overview of key methodological issues in cross-cultural research and reviews methods of preventing or detecting methodological problems.

scholarly journals Writing, Editing and Publishing an Article in a Scientific Journal

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 185-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man Bahadur Khattri
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Online Publication ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Journal Writing ◽  
Scientific Journal ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Creative Art ◽  
Stock Of Knowledge

The purpose of this article is to discuss some important aspects involved while writing an article to publish in a scientific journal. This is a review article. I argue that writing an article is technical as well as creative art of an author which facilitates acceptance of article for publication in a scientific journal. Academicians are obliged to conduct research and publish articles to demonstrate their job efficiency. To publish an article in a scientific journal is the first necessary condition to meet standard norms i.e. journal's guideline for authors and the next is to follow the editing processes of the journal. Writing an article for printed version is becoming an old fashion. Therefore, authors need to learn how to submit a scholarly written article online and follow review processes. Writing and publishing of a scientific article is not only important for individuals and specific scientific community, it is also important to the wider society which helps to enhance stock of knowledge, and sharing and learning culture. Key words: Online publication; author aid; open access; copy editing; peer review DOI: 10.3126/dsaj.v3i0.2787 Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.3 2009 185-196

Perceptions of older people among Chinese adolescents: conceptual and methodological issues

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ka Man So ◽  
Daniel T.L. Shek
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Older People ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Methodological Problems

Abstract Ageism against older people exists worldwide almost among all age groups and adolescents are of no exception. Numerous studies with specific reference to adolescents of different age, gender, educational level, socioeconomic background, knowledge about aging and experiences with older people showed that they had different perceptions of and attitudes toward older people, but such findings are not entirely conclusive. The situation of Hong Kong is even more confused as there are few studies examining this topic. It is argued that the conflicting findings are largely due to conceptual and methodological problems in the studies. This paper examines the conceptual and methodological issues in this area and outlines suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals Texts of Natural Written Speech as an Object of Genre Analysis: The Problem of Method

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Tyukaeva ◽  
Konstantin Brinev
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Genre Studies ◽  
Methodological Principle ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Semiotic Model ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Speech Genres ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Speech Genre

The article defines the methodological problems of constructing a model of the speech genre and suggests the way of solving them. The existing models of Text – Text components – Genre type are recognized as the main tool for the study and description of speech genres. It is argued that the speech genre description methodology in modern linguistics should be focused on the ideas of systematic construction. The principles of text analysis in the aspect of speech genre studies are determined and some errors of scientifically employed approaches are identified. The elimination of these errors will allow genre studies to shift to a new methodological principle of constructing a genre model that has a diagnostic potential. The current problematic issues of genre studies are formulated. As a productive technology for describing a speech genre, we propose a universal method of functional modelling, which will enable designing genres and their modules on the basis of regularity, obligation, and oppositional character. In order to solve the problem of genre description in the attributive aspect, that is, to determine its units, it is productive to analyze the genre applying the so-called communicative semiotic model, as well as the method of transformational-and-oppositional analysis. The proposed principle of genre description is postulated as a method of objective modelling. Thus, within the framework of this study, the analysis of the theoretical problems of modern genre studies is carried out, the objectives of speech genres investigation are formulated and the approaches to their achieving are presented in an overview.

scholarly journals Methodological issues in contemporary sociology of Bosnia and Herzegovina

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavo Kukić
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Contemporary Sociology ◽  
Methodological Problems

Contemporary sociological science is increasingly being characterized by apositivist, therefore, the orientation on the empirical research of social problems.If there is, however, about the Bosnian-Herzegovinian sociology, thereare many unexplored issues in the fi eld of empirical sociological research - andthe greater is the number of causes of it. Methodological problems, of course,are one of the major manifestations of those causes- the problems in the areaof quantitative as well as those in the fi eld of qualitative sociological research.Some of the other dimensions of the problem should not be ignored - the issueof ethics in sociological research, the problem of a single database in the fi eldof sociology, as well as the research in the fi eld of social sciences in general, andthe like. And all of that is analyzed in the context of this paper.

scholarly journals PROSPECTIVE DIRECTIONS OF IMPROVEMENT OF CIVIL LIABILITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
O. Zozulyak ◽  
Y. Paruta
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Autonomous Robots ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Civil Liability ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Definition Of

The article is devoted to the study of such an important area of civil law as civil liability. The scientific article examines the definition of "civil liability". It is emphasized that civil liability consists of many aspects, including a sanction, a new obligation, the replacement of an unfulfilled obligation with a new one, and so on. It is supported the position that the application of civil liability is voluntary, but the possibility of using jurisdictional forms of liability is not excluded. The authors of the article agree with the approach proposed in the doctrine on the expediency of the transition to the so-called behavioral concept of guilt. The importance of the theoretical demarcation of the institution of ensuring the fulfillment of obligations and measures of civil liability is emphasized. The possibility of simultaneous application of different forms of civil liability is allowed. It is argued that it is appropriate to change the approach to determining and compensating of non-pecuniary damage. It is needed because compensation for non-pecuniary damage depends on the violation of a person's civil right, and not on the envisaged possibility of compensation for non-pecuniary damage in law or contract. The authors of the article positively perceive the position on the need for consolidate the provisions on the civil nature of the liability of officials of corporations.  It is focused on the need to consolidate the subsidiary liability of members of limited liability companies in the event of bringing the failure through their fault. The position to the prospects of further scientific research in the field of responsibility of autonomous robots and artificial intelligence is expressed. It is concluded that due to the multi-vector nature of the concept of "civil liability" there is a need for further meticulous attention of the scientific community to the institution of private liability. In particular, it is necessary to develop qualitative criteria for distinguishing between the institution of abuse of subjective civil rights and the institution of civil liability; research of the peculiarities of the responsibility of such legal entities as owners of significant participation in corporations, supervisors of banking groups and other specific entities, etc.

Conceptual and Methodological Issues in Rehabilitation Outcomes for Adults who are Visually Impaired

1997 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E. Crews ◽  
R.G. Long
Keyword(s):  
Observational Data ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Rehabilitation Outcomes ◽  
Data Scaling ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Vision Rehabilitation ◽  
Organizational Activities

This article defines some of the conceptual and methodological issues in creating outcome measures in vision rehabilitation. It proposes a model to describe rehabilitation outcomes in the context of organizational activities and discusses such methodological problems as the clarification and measurement of goals, aggregation of data, self-report and observational data, scaling, frequency of measurements, and causal events.

Methodological Issues in MIS Cross-Cultural Research

2011 ◽  
pp. 166-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Karahanna ◽  
Roberto Evaristo ◽  
Mark Srite
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Measurement Artifacts ◽  
Comparative Nature

This chapter presents a discussion of methodological issues that are relevant and idiosyncratic to cross-cultural research. One characteristic that typifies cross-cultural studies is their comparative nature, i.e., they involve a comparison across two separate cultures on a focal phenomenon. When differences across cultures are observed, the question arises as to whether the results are true cultural differences or merely measurement artifacts. Methodological considerations in cross-cultural research focus on ruling out alternative explanations for these differences and thus enhancing the interpretability of the results. The chapter presents an overview of key methodological issues in cross-cultural research and reviews methods of preventing or detecting methodological problems.

Human Resource Management and Performance in the Hospitality Industry

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Anastasia A. Katou
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Strategic Human Resource Management ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
And Performance

The purpose of this chapter is to review methodological issues highlighted in the empirical literature in the field of strategic human resource management that may be applied to the hospitality industry, and to propose possible solutions to overcome methodological problems. The chapter makes use of a general HRM-performance linkage framework that refers to the ‘black box' in strategic human resource management, and is based on the three HRM perspectives (universalistic, contingency, configurational).

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