scholarly journals Effect Of Addition Of Molasses And Period Of Preservation On Physical And Nutritional Properties Of Maize Stover Silage

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
ABMR Bostami ◽  
RI Khan ◽  
MR Amin ◽  
NR Sarker ◽  
S Pervage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Maize Stover ◽  
Plastic Containers ◽  
Different Levels

An experiment was undertaken to determine the physical and nutritional properties, in vitro digestibility and metabolizable energy of maize stover ensiled with different levels of molasses at three different ensiling times (45, 90 and 135 days). Maize stover was collected from field immediately after harvesting the corn, chopped and were preserved in plastic containers under normal condition and were treated as control (T0) (sample only), sample ensiled without additives (T1), sample with addition of 20% water (T2), sample with addition of 20% water and 2% molasses (T3), samples with addition of 20% water and 4% molasses (T4), sample with addition of 20% water and 6% molasses (T5). After completion of each ensiled period, physical and nutritional properties, in-vitro digestibility and metabolizable energy were determined. The result reveals that physical properties (color, smell, softness and fungal growth) of maize stover were improved in molasses treatments. It was also improved with increasing the ensiling time from 45 to 135 days. Among the treatments T4 was found best, as there were no fungal growth. The crude protein (CP) content of maize stover was increased (P<0.01) and the dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and crude fibre (CF) contents were decreased (P<0.01) after ensiling and addition of molasses. The highest DM, OM and CF content was found to be 72.33, 87.70 and 37.08% in T0 and highest CP was found to be 10.67% in T4 but the lowest DM, OM, CF and CP was found to be 63.17% in T2, 82.68% in T3, 28.18% in T5 and 6.28% in T0. The DM, OM, CP and CF contents were similar (P>0.01) at different ensiling time (45 to 135 days). The OMD (organic matter digestibility) and ME (metabolizable energy) contents were increased by ensiling with molasses. The highest OMD and ME values were observed in treatment T4 which were 42.01% and 6.50 MJ/kg DM, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that the addition of molasses improved the physical and nutritional properties and preservation capacity of maize stover after 135 days of ensiling. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v37i2.9880 BJAS 2008; 37(2): 42-51

scholarly journals Nutritional Value of Fermented Maize Stover as Feed for Ruminant

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wattanaklang ◽  
A. Abrar ◽  
A. Cherdthong
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Maize Stover ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Treated Sample ◽  
Plastic Containers ◽  
Different Levels

An experiment was undertaken to determine the physical and nutritional properties, in Vitro digestibility of maize stover fermented with different levels of molasses. Maize stover was collected from the field immediately after harvesting the corn, chopped and were preserved in plastic containers under normal condition and were treated, sample fermented without additives (T1), a sample with the addition of water and 5% molasses (T2). After completion of each ensiled period, nutritional properties, in-vitro digestibility and were determined. The result reveals that crude protein (CP), dry matter (DM), ash content of maize stover were increased (P<0.05) while the crude fiber (CF) contents were decreased (P<0.01) after ensiling and the addition of molasses. The highest DM, EE, and CP content was found to be 99.52%, 10.33% and 4.56% in T2 while CF was found highest in T1 32.79%. The OMD(organic matter digestibility) and DMD (dry matter digestibility) contents were decreased by ensiling with molasses. The highest DMD, OMD, N-NH3, total VFA DMD values were observed in treatmentT1 which were 47.71%, 46.78%, 12.50%, 5.42% respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that the addition of molasses improved and nutritional properties and preservation capacity of maize stover after 21 days of ensilingKeywords: Fermented, Maize stover, Molasses, Nutritional properties, Ruminant

Preservation of wet rice straw using urea and molasses in monsoon of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
R. Sultana ◽  
D. K. Jamee ◽  
S. Islam ◽  
S. M. A. Islam ◽  
M. R. Amin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Physical Quality

An experiment of treated and ensiled wet rice straw with urea and molasses was performed to explore the chemical composition, physical quality, in vitro digestibility and its potentiality as a quality feed for ruminants. In this experiment, plastic containers were used to preserve chopped wet rice straw under airtight condition based on the treatment as T1 (wet rice straw only), T2 (straw with 5% molasses), T3 (straw with 5% urea), T4 (straw with 5% urea and 5% molasses) and T5 (straw with 10% urea and 5% molasses) to analyze chemical composition, physical quality, metabolizable energy (ME) content, in vitro organic matter digestibility (OMD) and in vitro gas production (IVGP) at five different ensiling times of 0, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days. The physical quality (color, smell, softness characteristics) of wet rice straw was improved with urea and molasses treatment. Treatments T5 was found better as there was no fungal growth till 90 days of ensiling. The addition of urea and molasses improved the physical quality, nutritive value and preservation quality of wet rice straw. Urea and molasses treated and ensiled (T5) straw showed better color, nutritional quality, softness and longer preservation capacity compared with all treatments followed by T4, T2 and T3. The crude protein (CP) content was increased (P<0.05) but the crude fibre (CF), dry matter (DM), ash contents and ether extract (EE) were decreased (P<0.05) in all of the treatments (T2, T3, T4 and T5) compared to control (T1). The OMD, IVGP and ME contents were increased in all of the treatments (T2, T3, T4 and T5) compared to control (T1). The highest OMD, IVGP and ME values were observed in treatment T5 and the lowest values were in control (T1) Through the Consideration of all the chemical and physical properties, among all of the treatments, 10% urea and 5% molasses are found acceptable for the preservation of rice straw. Thus, environment friendly and cost effective feed can be formulated.

scholarly journals Preparation of wastelage with poultry droppings and rice straw (Oryza sativa L.) as a cattle feed

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-258
Author(s):  
Obydul Islam ◽  
Somaya Akter ◽  
Md Ahidul Islam ◽  
Dewan Kamruzzaman Jamee ◽  
Rokibul Islam Khan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Organic Matter Digestibility ◽  
Ph Level ◽  
Poultry Droppings

The use of poultry droppings as a feed ingredient may not only reduce waste and environmental pollution but also provide inexpensive feed components for ruminants. An experiment was conducted to prepare wastelage in the field laboratory of Animal Science Department, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Rice straw (Oryza sativa L.) was mixed with 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% caged layer excreta (CLE) and 5% molasses in each treatment on dry matter (DM) basis and ensiled in air tight container under room temperature. After 60 days, ensiled mixture was opened. All the wastelage had desirable smell, light brownish color, soft texture and no fungal growth was found. Results revealed that PH, DM, crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), ash, in vitro organic matter digestibility and metabolizable energy were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by different levels of CLE. The highest CP (5.97g/100g DM) was observed in wastelage with 30% CLE (p<0.05) followed by 20% and 10% CLE. The PH level, DM, Ash and CF contents were decreased linearly (p<0.05) from 4.8 to 4.11, 78.00 to 55.63, 25.08 to 17.70 and 22.57 to 14.95%, respectively as the level of CLE increased from 0 to 30%. In all treatments, EE content was not significantly influenced by the different level of CLE. The in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) and metabolizable energy (ME) also increased significantly (p<0.05) with the increased level of CLE and maximum value (57.51%, and 8.12 MJ/Kg DM, respectively) was obtained in wastelage with 10% CLE, which is statistically identical with 20% CLE. Therefore, it could be speculated that ensiling rice straw with up to 20% CLE improved the feeding value of wastelage.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2018, 4(3): 251-258

Determination of the yield characteristics and in vitro digestibility of barley forage harvested in different vegetation periods

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehtap Guney ◽  
Cagri Kale ◽  
Duran Bolat ◽  
Suphi Deniz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Seed Formation

This study planned to determine the differences among nutrient composition, in vitro digestibility, energy content, digestible dry matter and organic matter yields of barley forage harvested at three different stages of maturity. Each vegetation period (heading stage, seed formation stage and mature stage) was randomly assigned to 5 replication from 1 square meter area and fifteen samples were harvested in total. DM, ADF (p<0.001), and NDF (p<0.05) contents were different in each stages of barley forage. In vitro dry matter (IVDMD), organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), metabolizable energy (ME), and net energy for lactation (NEL) values of samples were determined to be lower than the other two stages at the mature stage (p<0.05). Yield parameters of barley were significantly affected by vegetation period (p<0.001). It can be concluded that all three vegetation period had significantly higher digestibility. Digestible DM, OM and energy yields were higher when harvested at the mature stage of vegetation.

A note on the digestibility by sheep of hulls from the field bean (vicia faba l)

1973 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Edwards ◽  
I. F. Duthie ◽  
Barbara M. Rogers ◽  
Emyr Owen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Field Bean ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
A Value ◽  
Pelleted Feed ◽  
Concentrate Mixture

SUMMARYThe digestibility of a feed containing hull material prepared mechanically from Throws MS field bean (Viciafaba L) was determined in a 12-day balance trial with sheep. The pelleted feed contained 62 % hulls and 38 % of a concentrate mixture, and was given at a maintenance level. The mean digestibility coefficients of the feed were for dry matter, 66·3; organic matter, 68·2; nitrogen, 65·7; crude fibre, 59·4; and energy, 65·5%.The coefficients for the bean hulls themselves, estimated by assuming coefficients for the concentrates, were dry matter, 59·6; organic matter, 61·0; nitrogen, 58·2; crude fibre, 60·3; and energy, 59·9%. By assuming a value of 2·515 Mcal/kg for the metabolizable energy of the concentrates, the metabolizable energy of the bean hulls was calculated to be between 2·00 and 2·10 Mcal/kg.Digestibility coefficients for the bean hulls determined in vitro were found to agree with those determined in vivo.

Laboratory analyses of the nutritional value of western Queensland browse feeds

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (98) ◽  
pp. 344 ◽  
Author(s):  
WJF McDonald ◽  
JH Ternouth
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Organic Matter Digestibility

Seventy samples of browse feeds, collected during late autumn and spring of 1971 from 42 western Queensland shrubs and trees, were subjected to laboratory analyses of the proximate fractions and in vitro digestibility. Crude protein, crude fibre and nitrogen-free-extract fractions ranged between 65 and 242, 55 and 353 and 425 and 71 1 g kg-1 dry matter, repectively. The in vitro dry matter digestibility coefficients ranged between 0.22 and 0.86. Comparisons of 15 browse feeds collected in April-May and October indicated a higher crude protein content (P < 0.05) and in vitro digestibility (P .= 0.01) and lower crude fibre (P < 0.01) and ash (P < 0.01 ) content in spring samples for most species. Nine browse feeds of known in vivo dry matter and organic matter digestibility were subjected to in vitro digestibility analysis. Whilst the in vitro and in vivo dry matter digestibilities were similar (0.43 and 0.45, respectively) the mean in vitro organic matter digestibility was substantially lower than the corresponding in vivo digestibility (0.40 and 0.46, respectively).

scholarly journals Chemical, nutritive, fermentation profile and gas production of citrus pulp silages, alone or combined with maize silage

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-169
Author(s):  
İ Ülger ◽  
S.B. Beyzi ◽  
M Kaliber ◽  
Y Konca
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Citrus Pulp ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Organic Matter Digestibility

Quality attributes of citrus pulp silages that were ensiled alone and combined with maize silage were determined. Fresh samples of lemon, orange and tangerine pulps, maize plants and their combinations were fermented in glass jars for 90 days at about 20 - 25 °C. Treatments included i) 100% maize silage as control (MS); ii) 100% lemon pulp silage (LPS); iii) 100% orange pulp silage (OPS); iv) 100% tangerine pulp silage (TPS); v) 50% LPS and 50% maize silage (LPS + MS); vi) 50% OPS and 50% MS; and vii) 50% TPS and 50% maize silage (TPS + MS). The pH differed among treatment groups. The highest and lowest pH values were recorded for MS group and the OPS + MS group, respectively (3.84 vs. 3.51). The highest dry matter (DM), crude fibre (CF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and hemicellulose (HEM) were observed for MS (P <0.01). Citrus pulp silages alone had significantly greater total digestible nutrients (TDN), organic matter (OM) and non-fibre carbohydrate (NFC) values than MS and the combined silages (P <0.01). Maize silage had higher lactic acid (LA) (101.2 g/kg DM) and acetic acid (AA) (49.3 g/kg DM) concentrations than the citrus groups (P <0.05). In vitro gas production (TG), methane (CH4), metabolizable energy (ME) and organic matter digestibility (OMD) of the silages were similar (P >0.05). Thus, citrus pulps can be ensiled in spite of their moisture content. However, to increased DM and nutrient content, the citrus pulps should be ensiled with 50% maize. Keywords: fermentation metabolites, methane production, organic matter digestibility

scholarly journals Chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of some selected under-utilized tropical seeds as protein sources in ruminants’ diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwatosin Bode Omotoso ◽  
Mary Oluwafunmilayo Adeduntan ◽  
Adebowale Noah Fajemisin
Keyword(s):  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Supplementary Feed ◽  
Monodora Myristica

Abstract Background The study highlighted the potential of three common and under-utilized tropical leguminous seeds (Tomentosa nilotica, Dioclea reflexa and Monodora myristica) to be used as supplementary feed to ruminant livestock. These seeds (their plants inclusive) are valuable sources of food and medicine for the prevention of illness and maintenance of human health. The medicinal properties of these seeds include antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and immuno-stimulant. Trypsin inhibitors, which are common anti-nutritional factors in legumes and for monogastric animals, do not exert adverse effects in ruminants because they are degraded in the rumen. Hence, the crux of this study is to examine the effect of processing methods on the nutritional composition (proximate, fibre fractions, minerals, anti-nutrients) and in vitro digestibility of Tomentosa nilotica, Dioclea reflexa and Monodora myristica seeds and their suitability as feedstuff (protein sources) in small ruminant feed, particularly during off-season. Results From the results, raw Tomentosa nilotica and Monodora myristica have the highest crude protein (30.35% CP) and fat (22.40% EE), respectively. It is noteworthy that roasting best improve the mineral and significantly reduce the anti-nutrients observed in this study better compared to boiling and soaking methods. The highest organic matter digestibility, short-chain fatty acids, metabolizable energy and in vitro dry matter digestibility values were obtained in Dioclea reflexa compared to other test seeds. Roasting best improved the nutritive values, while Dioclea reflexa seed was rated highest for all the nutritional attributes and in vitro digestibility. Conclusions Dioclea reflexa could be incorporated in ruminants’ diet as protein source, particularly during the off-season, for improved ruminant production in Nigeria. However, in vivo study is therefore recommended to validate this report.

scholarly journals Temporal Variations in Chemical Composition, In Vitro Digestibility, and Metabolizable Energy of Plant Species Browsed by Goats in Southern Mediterranean Forest Rangeland

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1441
Author(s):  
Youssef Chebli ◽  
Samira El Otmani ◽  
Mouad Chentouf ◽  
Jean-Luc Hornick ◽  
Jean-François Cabaraux
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Mediterranean Forest ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Southern Mediterranean

Forest rangelands contribute largely to goat diets in the Mediterranean area. Information about browsed plant quality is essential for adequate feeding management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the temporal changes in chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of the main plant species selected by goats in the Southern Mediterranean forest rangeland during two consecutive years; these were very contrasted (dry and wet). The browsed species were composed of herbaceous, eleven shrubs, and four tree species. Overall, large variability in chemical composition, in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), and metabolizable energy (ME) was observed among species, grazing season (spring, summer, and autumn), and years within each species. Crude protein (CP) content varied from 60 to 240 g/kg dry matter (DM). The fiber fractions, except for Quercus suber, increased significantly by advancing maturity. Due to the water stress, the lignin level presented a higher value during the spring of the dry year. Condensed tannin (CT) content varied from 2 to 184 g/kg DM. CP, IVOMD, and ME showed a negative correlation with lignin and CT. Based on the results presented herein, it is concluded that the nutritive value of the browsed plant species was highest in the spring and lowest during the summer and autumn of both studied years. With a good grazing management strategy, the selected plant species by goats could guarantee high-quality feeding resources throughout the year.

scholarly journals 49 Effects of in-vitro digestibility in cannulated steers when supplemented different levels of glycerol

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 55-56
Author(s):  
Noheli Gutierrez ◽  
Jamie A Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract A study was conducted to evaluate effects of increasing concentration of food grade glycerol on rumen environment and nutrient digestibility. Three ruminally cannulated Jersey steers were used in this study. The study was conducted from March to May 2019. Experimental design was a 3x3 Latin square with a 2wk adjustment period followed by a 1wk collection period. Diet was coastal bermudagrass hay based. Different forage types were introduced in the incubation process to evaluate digestibility. Glycerol was administered once a day at 0, 15, or 20% of DMI (dry matter intake). dNDF (digestible NDF) and dDM (digestible dry matter) was determined using an ANKOM Daisy II incubator inoculated with 200g fresh rumen fluid and incubated for 12, 24, 48 and 72 h at 39°C. Each vessel contained ground forage samples in filter bags in triplicate. After incubation, filter bags were rinsed with cold water and dried for 24h in a 55°C forced air oven. Data were analyzed using the Proc MIXED procedure of SAS version 9.4. There was no difference dNDF in effect of different levels of glycerol between forage types by diet. But a numerical tendency was observed that dNDF was decreased at 20% inclusion rates in comparison to 0 and 15% inclusion of glycerol in the diet. Neither steer nor run was significantly different in the study. However as expected digestibility over time was significantly different (P &lt; 0.001). A significant increase was observed in DMI with the increased levels of glycerol in the diet (P = 0.003), both the 15% and 20% levels of glycerol increased in DMI in comparison to the control (0%). It appears based on these study results that digestibility may be inhibited, as levels of dietary glycerol increase in the diet and more work needs to be done to find the optimal level of glycerol supplementation.

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