scholarly journals Radiological Findings of Pneumonia In Neonates Hospitalized in A Tertiary Care Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-158
Author(s):  
Nahid Farzana ◽  
Md Ruhul Amin
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Radiological Finding ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Right ◽  
Early Diagnose

Background: Pneumonia contributes to between 750,000 and 1.2 million neonatal deaths worldwide annually and neonatal pneumonia accounts for 10% of global child mortality. Chest radiography is the primary and most important imaging modality in the evaluation of neonatal pneumonia. The study was conducted to evaluate the common radiological findings of pneumonia among neonates to early diagnose the disease.Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted in Dhaka Shishu (children) Hospital from April to September 2014. A total of 50 neonates admitted in the inpatient department were included who fulfilled the inclusion criteria’s like having difficult breathing, fast breathing>60 /min, severe chest indrawing, grunting, cyanosis, cough or fever. Diagnosis was confirmed by Chest X-ray. Positive X-ray findings like lobar or segmental consolidation, nodular or coarse patchy parenchymal infiltrate, diffuse haziness or granularity, air bronchogram were included into the study. X-ray changes were assessed.Results: Most commonly identified abnormality was patchy opacities (included nodular or coarse patchy opacities, diffuse haziness, air bronchogram), noted in 31(62.0%) cases. Followed by homogenous opacities (consolidation) were found in 19(38.0%) cases. Multifocal area involvement were found more 56.0 %(28) than single area. On right side radiological changes commonly noted, especially right upper zone involvement was the commonest 30 (66.0%). A comparison between severe and non- severe cases revealed that both types of opacities were found equally. But right sided Involvement was common in both groups.Conclusion: Multifocal patchy opacities were the most common radiological finding in cases of neonatal pneumonia. Pneumonia lesions were more common in the right lung among neonates and common site was right upper zone.Bangladesh J Child Health 2017; VOL 41 (3) :155-158

scholarly journals Relationship between Radiological Findings with Bacterial Etiology of Community Acquired Pneumonia in Pediatric Population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Pandey ◽  
Garima Mittal ◽  
Nitika Agarwal ◽  
Barnali Kakati ◽  
R.K. Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Radiological Finding ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Right

Pneumonia continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Pneumonia is the leading killer of children worldwide. For the diagnosis of pneumonia, the World Health Organization has introduced guidelines for the management of cases to reduce the mortality of these diseases on the basis of simple clinical signs followed by the empirical treatment with antibiotics. More than 99% of deaths related to pneumonia among children occur in countries having a low and middle income. To study the Radiological finding of Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) in children. Across sectional study was conducted in which the sample size for the study was calculated from the expected prevalence of CAP based on other studies (74%). The sample size calculated by the required criterion for this study is 96. I was able to cover 118 patients as per the inclusion criteria in this study. The Patients of pediatric age groups and either sex attending tertiary care hospital with complaints suggestive of CAP. In this study total number of patients are 118 included who presented with the signs and symptoms suggestive of pneumonia. The findings of chest X-Ray of Right Lung with respect to different bacterial agents. Consolidation of the Right upper lobe is found to be statistically significant with respect to Streptococcus pneumonia and consolidation of the right lower lobe is found to be statistically significant with respect to bacteria Staphylococcus aureus whereas there is no statistically significant association with respect to other bacteria. The radiological finding of CAP in children attending pediatric OPD was observed that there was no association with any other bacteria.

THE IMPORTANCE OF CHEST-X-RAY (TIMIKA SCORE) TO PREDICT THE CLINICO-BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
Surinder Pal Singh ◽  
Harjinder Singh ◽  
Komal Deep Kaur ◽  
Kailash Meena ◽  
Ashish Shukla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Score ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Cavitary Lesion ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

Introduction: Chest x-ray (CXR) is the primary modality for diagnosis and severity assessment and monitoring the ATT response in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). The aim of our study was to determine the correlation between the radiographic involvement of disease on CXR based on Timika CXR score with the clinically and bacteriological specications at diagnosis and initiation of ATT in sputum smear-positive PTB patients. Material And Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, a tertiary care hospital, Punjab, from January to June 2020. Seventy new sputum smear-positive cases of PTB were included. At the time of diagnosis, the patient's baseline test, clinical signs and symptoms were evaluated using TB scores I, II, Karnofsky performance score (KPS), and body mass index (BMI). Two chest physicians, according to the Timika CXR score, evaluated the CXR of each patient Independently. Result: Cavitary lesion on CXR resulted in a signicantly higher Timika score associated with higher Mycobacterial load in sputum grading compared to non-cavitary disease. 55.17% of patients with CXR score ≥71 had statistically signicant higher baseline sputum grading compared to 9.76% of patients with CXR ≤ 71. Higher Timika CXR score ≥ 71 was signicantly associated with a longer mean duration of symptoms, lower BMI, higher TB score, lower KPS at baseline, higher ESR, low hemoglobin, low serum albumin. Discussion: The study shows that Timika CXR score signicantly correlates with radiographic involvement and extent of disease severity on CXR with the clinically and bacteriological prole of PTB patients, which a pulmonologist can use in a medical practice. A Higher CXR Timika score is associated with the patient's poor clinical condition and the severity of the disease. Cavitary lesion on CXR associated with higher sputum smear grading. It is observed that the Timika CXR score can be used to identify the PTB patients at risk of treatment failure for their more aggressive management.

scholarly journals 1521. Risk factors associated with complications of influenza A or B infection, southern Puerto Rico, 2016-2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S762-S763
Author(s):  
Angel L Perez-Caro ◽  
Frances Quiñones-Del Toro ◽  
Marilyn García-Burgos ◽  
Vanessa Rivera-Amill ◽  
Luisa I Alvarado-Domenech
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
The United States ◽  
Influenza B Virus ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

Abstract Background Influenza is one of the most common viral respiratory diseases in the United States with 9–45 million cases per year. In Puerto Rico, more than 18,000 cases of influenza were reported during the 2019/20 season. The Sentinel Enhanced Dengue Surveillance System (SEDSS) conducts acute febrile illness surveillance for inpatient and outpatients at a southern Puerto Rico tertiary care hospital. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of disease severity among laboratory-confirmed influenza cases enrolled in SEDSS. Cases with complications such as pneumonia or bronchitis evidenced by chest x-ray or clinical diagnosis were classified as severe. Results Between January 2016 and December 2019, there were 2,835 laboratory-confirmed influenza cases. More than half (1,662, 59%) were aged 0–20 years, 51% (n=1,447)were female, and 4% (n=124)required hospital admission. Among all influenza cases, influenza A virus was most common (n = 1,963, 69%) followed by influenza B virus (n = 872, 31%). Odds of having influenza A were higher among adults (OR=1.62; 95% CI:1.38-1.92). Chronic disease history among influenza cases included: asthma (n= 507, 18%), hypertension (n = 337, 12%), hypercholesterolemia (n = 157, 6%), coronary heart disease (n = 79, 3%), immunodeficiency (n = 11, 1%), and kidney disease (n = 10, 1%). Overall, 61(2%) influenza cases developed complications, 21 developed pneumonia of which 85% had chest x-ray performed. One-third of influenza cases with pneumonia or bronchitis had preexisting conditions like asthma (33%) and hypertension (34%). Seventy five percent of Influenza A cases with asthma developed bronchitis or pneumonia. The odds of having severe Influenza were higher among patients with underlying hypertension compared to those without hypertension (OR= 3.8; 95% CI:2.0–7.1). Moreover, influenza cases with asthma had a higher odd of developing pneumonia or bronchitis as compared to those without asthma (OR=2.3; 95% CI: 1.3–4.0). While asthma is a recognized risk factor for influenza complications, isolated hypertension is not. Conclusion Identifying people at risk for influenza complications provides a guide for clinicians and public health officials to implement preventive measures and improve clinical outcomes. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Brixia Chest X-ray Scoring System in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia for Determining Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishant Agrawal ◽  
Samruddhi Dhanaji Chougale ◽  
Prashant Jedge ◽  
Shivakumar Iyer ◽  
John Dsouza
Keyword(s):  
Scoring System ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lung Abnormalities ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: In early stage of disease of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection chest Computed Tomography (CT) imaging is considered as the most effective method for detecting lung abnormalities. A Brixia Chest X-ray (CXR) scoring system which uses an 18-point severity scale to grade lung abnormalities due to COVID-19 was developed to improve the risk stratification for infected patients. Aim: To ascertain the validity of Brixia scoring system and to measure the outcome in COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from 1st April 2020 to 31st July 2020, at a tertiary care hospital in India. Baseline CXR of COVID-19 patients were scored based on Brixia scoring system. The lungs were divided into six equal zones. Subsequently, scores (from 0-3) were assigned to each zone, based on lung abnormalities. A group comparison was implemented using Chi-Square test for categorical variables. Whereas an independent t-test was applied for continuous variables that followed normal distribution. Results: The study included 130 patients. The mean age was 57.09±13.73 years, 70.8% patients included were males. Out of 130 patients, 79 patients died. Among patients who died the mean CXR score was calculated to be 12.13±2.50. The mean CXR score was calculated to be 11.18±2.30 in patients who recovered and got discharged. During the process of comparison of CXR scores with the outcomes, the t-value came out to be 2.20 and the resulting p-value was 0.03 (statistically significant). Conclusion: Brixia score more than 12 was associated with increased mortality due to COVID-19, with p-value of 0.03.

scholarly journals Evaluation of risk factors associated with the development of MDR- and XDR-TB in a tertiary care hospital: a retrospective cohort study

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10826
Author(s):  
Amna Saifullah ◽  
Tauqeer Hussain Mallhi ◽  
Yusra Habib Khan ◽  
Muhammad Shahid Iqbal ◽  
Nasser Hadal Alotaibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Chest X Ray

Background Drug resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) infringes substantial burden in terms of longer treatment duration, morbidity and mortality. Timely identification of patients at risks of DR-TB will aid individualized treatment. Current study was aimed to ascertain several factors associated with DR-TB among patients attending a tertiary care hospital. Methods This retrospective study was conducted among patients with confirmed diagnosis of DR-TB and drug susceptible TB (DS-TB) seeking medical care from a tertiary care hospital during 2014–2019. The types of DR-TB included were rifampicin resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB), Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB). Appropriate statistical methods were implied to evaluate the factors associated with DR-TB. Results Out of 580 patients, DS-TB was diagnosed in 198 (34.1%) patients while DR-TB was present in 382 patients. Of resistance cases, RR-TB, MDR-TB and XDR-TB were diagnosed in 176 (30.3%), 195 (33.6%) and 11 (1.9%) patients, respectively. Significant differences (P < 0.05) in demographics and clinico-laboratory characteristics were observed between patients with DS-TB and DR-TB. Logistic regression analysis revealed age ≤38 years (OR: 2.5), single marital status (OR: 11.1), tobacco use (OR: 2.9), previous treatment (OR: 19.2), treatment failure (OR: 9.2) and cavity on chest X-ray (OR: 30.1) as independent risk factors for MDR-TB. However, XDR-TB was independently associated with age group of ≤38 years (OR: 13.6), students (OR: 13.0), previous treatment (OR: 12.5), cavity on chest X-ray (OR: 59.6). The independent risk factors associated with RR-TB are age ≤38 years (OR: 2.8), females (OR: 5.7), unemployed (OR: 41.5), treatment failure (OR: 4.9), previous treatment (OR: 38.2) and cavity on chest X-ray (OR: 4.3). ROC curve analysis accentuate the excellent predictive accuracy of all logistic regression models as shown by AUC (0.968, P < 0.001) for MDR-TB, AUC (0.941, P < 0.001) for XDR-TB and AUC (0.962, P < 0.001) for RR-TB. Conclusions Current study demonstrates a sizeable extent of resistant cases among pulmonary TB patients. This study presaged significant risk of DR-TB among females, young adults, unemployed, smokers, patients with previous treatment failure and cavitation on chest X-ray. Timely identification of high risk patients will give pronounced advantages regarding appropriate choices of prevention, treatment and disease control.

scholarly journals Neonatal COVID-19 in A Tertiary Care Hospital of Chattogram: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-173
Author(s):  
Jagadish C Das ◽  
Md Masudur Rahaman Khan ◽  
Jannatul Ferdous ◽  
Mohammed Shaheen ◽  
Syeda Humaida Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Infant ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in China in December 2019 and now has led to a global pandemic. The incidence is lower in neonates. A five days old newborn infant got admitted with history of reluctance to feeding and less movement. On admission, the newborn infant was found to be lethargic, icteric, tachypnoeic, afebrile with SPO2 of 90% throughout his hospital stay. Chest x-ray was normal but RT-PCR for COVID-19 was positive. His mother had symptoms of COVID-19 with positive RTPCR. The neonate was isolated and was treated with antibiotics along with supportive care, then improved gradually and was discharged on day 10 of his age. Suspicion about COVID-19 in newborn infants with prompt identification is essential to limit its transmission in the community. Bangladesh J Child Health 2020; VOL 44 (3) :170-173

scholarly journals Pulmonary hydatid cyst - A radiological challenge!

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
N Kumar ◽  
M Mishra ◽  
A Singhal
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst ◽  
The Mind

Hydatid disease is a parasitic infestation caused by Echinococcus granulosus. The resulting large cysts in the lung, a special clinical entity called giant hydatid cysts, is rare. Our case involves a middle-aged man who presented to us with vague chest complaints. Chest X-ray revealed a large cavity with an airfl uid level in the right hemithorax, which brought to the mind a constellation of differential diagnoses. A diagnosis of hydatid cyst was made intraoperatively. This case report provides evidence that radiological findings may be misleading and cause a diagnostic delay in such cases. SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases & HIV/AIDS 2012; IX (1) 39-42 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v9i1.6964

STUDY OF INFLAMMATORY MARKERS IN RELATION TO RADIOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN COVID 19

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-50
Author(s):  
Kalyanisri. Koneru ◽  
V M Kiran Ogirala ◽  
Kommavarapu. Kalyani Madhuri ◽  
Bokam. Bhanu Rekha
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

BACKGROUND Currently, the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become pandemic globally. Elevated inammatory markers are observed and are a common pathophysiological response to acute illness. Chest X-ray changes are also commonly seen in COVID -19 patients. The present study was undertaken to determine the relationship between inammatory markers to chest X-ray ndings in COVID-19 patients. METHODS This is a prospective observational study of COVID-19 patients admitted to tertiary care hospital from may 2020-November 2020. Comorbidities, inammatory markers, and Chest X ray were collected and analyzed. Correlations between radiological and inammatory markers were studied. AIMS & OBJECTIVES: Ÿ Correlation of inammatory markers to radiographic ndings and their outcome in COVID 19 patients Ÿ The outcome was studied in terms of: Ÿ Patients requiring oxygen/ NIVsupport Ÿ duration of hospital stay Ÿ Number of patients Recovered/death RESULTS: Ÿ Out of 500 patients studied, the mean age was 49.41 years, and (295)59% of patients were male,(205)41% were females. (455)91% patients discharged and (43)8.6% died. We found a positive correlation between inammatory markers and Chest X-ray ndings at the time of admission with a signicant statistical P-value. The inammatory markers CRP, ESR, D-Dimer & Sr.ferritin compared with the mode of ventilation(O2 & NIV, duration of hospital stay and outcome also showed signicant statistical P-value. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that in patients with raised inammatory markers there were increased abnormalities on Chest X-rays which required an increase in oxygen or NIVsupport. This can be a useful predictor of the severity of the disease and assessment of outcome.

scholarly journals Assessment of Incidence of Hydroureteronephrosis among Pregnant Women of a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 736-745
Author(s):  
S. Rithanya ◽  
M. Sivasankar ◽  
M. Griffin ◽  
P. S. Premanand ◽  
V. Kamaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
The Right ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Some degree of dilatation of the upper two-thirds of the ureter and the pelvicalyceal system is observed in physiological hydroureteronephrosis. It may be present in 90% of pregnancies and is more pronounced on the right side. It develops as early as 6-10 weeks of gestation and disappears a few weeks after birth. Smooth muscle-relaxant effects of progesterone and mechanical compression have been postulated as contributing factors. Ultrasound is the imaging modality of choice. Most of the cases resolve with conservative measures. Objectives: The study aimed to assess the incidence of hydroureteronephrosis in pregnancy using ultrasound, to assess the laterality of hydroureteronephrosis in pregnancy and to assess the proportion of subjects with hydroureteronephrosis in pregnancy requiring intervention. Materials and Methodology: A prospective study was conducted among the pregnant women presenting to the department of obstetrics and gynecology in a tertiary health care hospital from January 2021 to April 2021. A simple random sampling technique was employed, 40 subjects were identified for the study. The relationship between hydroureteronephrosis and gestational age, urinary tract problems and parity were compared. Results: Unilateral right-sided hydroureteronephrosis was present in 7 (36.8%) of the study subjects with hydroureteronephrosis. Hydroureteronephrosis was observed in 22.5% and 15% of the study subjects on the right and left side respectively during the second trimester. Hydroureteronephrosis was observed in 30% and 15% of the study subjects with urinary tract problems on the right and left side respectively. Hydroureteronephrosis was observed in 13 (52%) of the study subjects with no previous delivery. Conclusion: The incidence of hydroureteronephrosis was found to be 47.5%. Differentiation of physiological and pathological hydroureteronephrosis is necessary. A coordinated approach between obstetricians and urologists is essential to provide the best care for the mother and the fetus.

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