scholarly journals Efficacy of Some Plant Extracts in Controlling Seed-Borne Fungal Infections of Mustard

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Abdul Latif ◽  
Abu Kaoser M Saleh ◽  
M Ashik Iqbal Khan ◽  
Habibur Rahman ◽  
M Anwar Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Onion Bulb ◽  
Mustard Seed ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Neem Leaf Extract ◽  
Mustard Seeds

Efficacy of various concentrations of four plant extracts prepared from garlic, Neem leaf, ginger and onion bulb on reduction of seed-borne fungi was evaluated. Among the treatments, garlic extract preparations (1:0, 1:1 and 1:2) and fungicide Rovral (0.25% of seed weight) had shown to enhance seed germination remarkably compared to the other treatment. The percent reduction of fungal incidence achieved with three concentrations of the plant extracts varied from 57.0-72.0% for garlic extracts, 48.4-57.0% for Neem leaf extract, 23.6-32.2% for ginger extract, and 10.7-15.1 for onion bulb extract. The fungi isolated from the mustard seeds included species of Alternaria, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Curvularia, Fusarium, Penicillium and Rhizopus. It was also found that garlic extract was most effective in controlling the seed-borne fungi among the plant extracts studies. The effectiveness of concentrated (1:0) preparation of garlic extract was comparable to the fungicide Rovral. In addition, Neem leaf extract was moderately effective in removal of mycoflora of mustard seeds, while ginger and onion bulb extracts were the least effective in removal of the seed-borne fungi. Keywords: Mustard, Seed-borne fungi, Plant extracts, Seed germination, Control of seed-borne fungiDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v23i2.887 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 23, Number 2, December 2006, pp 168-170

scholarly journals Health and Quality of Wheat Seed Samples Collected from Sadar Upazilla of Thakurgaon District and Control of Seed-Borne Fungi

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-58
Author(s):  
M. A. Jabbar ◽  
N. Muhammad ◽  
M. M. Rahaman ◽  
M. G. Haque
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Neem Leaf Extract ◽  
Wheat Seeds

Wheat seed samples were collected from ten unions of sadar upazilla of Thakurgaon district in wheat growing season of 2011. Seeds were tested by blotter method at Seed Pathology Center (SPC), Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the months April to November 2011 for recording and identifying the seed-borne fungi associated with wheat seeds. The health status of 20 seed samples were determined whereas five genera fungi were identified from a total of six fungus. The fungi were Bipolaris sorokiniana, Alternaria tenuis, Fusarium spp, Penicillium sp, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger. Prevalence of the total as well as the individual seed-borne fungal infections that were recorded varied significantly with respect to wheat varieties and sources of seed collection. Seed samples collected from Jagonathpur and Gorea unions of sadar upazilla showed highest percentage of seed-borne infection compared to the samples collection from other unions for both varieties. The seed-borne fungal infection in Hazar-8 and Satabdi collected from other unions showed lowest percentage of seed-borne fungal infection than that of Jagonathpur and Gorea unions. Seed germination also varied significantly depending on the varieties and the seed sources and a positive correlation between seed germination and seed-borne fungal infections were observed. Three seed treating agents viz., neem leaf extract 1:2, hot water and Provax were evaluated for controlling seed-borne fungi associated with wheat seeds. Among the seed treating agents, Provax was found superior to reduce the seed-borne infection of wheat. The results also showed that neem leaf extract at 1:2 dilutions was observed to be the most effective in reducing seed-borne fungi with highest percentage of germination followed by hot water treatment.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Quality Improvement of Jute Seed by Plant Extracts

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
KK Roy ◽  
MMR Khan ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
MAR Khokon
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Neem Leaf Extract

Five plant extracts viz. garlic tablet, allamanda tablet, neem leaf extract, bishkatali leaf extract and zinger rhizome extract were assessed as seed treating agents against seed-borne pathogens of jute. Farmers’ seeds carry seed-borne fungi and their prevalence varies in varieties and locations. Garlic tablet was effective in controlling seed-borne fungal infection; consequently the seed germination was high. The effect of allamanda tablet was similar to that of garlic tablet. Neem leaf extract was able to reduce seed-borne fungi but the other three extracts were not effective in controlling seed-borne infection. The performance of garlic tablet was similar to that of Vitavax-200. A significant increase in seedling vigor was also observed over untreated control after garlic treatment.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v22i1-2.16461 Progress. Agric. 22(1 & 2): 1 – 10, 2011

scholarly journals Evaluation of Some Indigenous Plant Extracts for Suppressing Bipolaris sorokiniana in Wheat Seed

2010 ◽  
pp. 96-104
Author(s):  
Rokshana Panna ◽  
FM Aminuzzaman ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
MHM Borhannuddin Bhuyan
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Black Cumin ◽  
Seed Pathology ◽  
Indigenous Plant ◽  
Black Cumin Seed

Studies were conducted in the Seed Pathology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University to evaluate some indigenous plant extracts on the incidence of Bipolaris sorokiniana of wheat and seed germination. Seed treated with plant extracts reduced the incidence of Bipolaris sorokiniana. The lowest incidence was counted (12.33%) in seeds treated with Burmuda grass extracts (1:2W/V). While the highest seed germination (99.60%) was recorded in seeds treated with this grass extract followed by 99.33% germination in seeds treated with Neem leaf extract (1:2W/V), 98.00% with nut sedge grass rhizome extract (1:2 W/V), 87.67% with Allamanda leaf extract (1:2W/V). Comparatively the lowest incidence of Bipolaris sorokiniana (14.00%) was observed in seeds treated with Neem leaf extracts (1:2W/V) followed by 14.50% in seeds treated with Nut sedge grass rhizome extracts (1:2W/V), Black cumin seed extracts (15.20%) and Allamanda leaf extract (24.00%).

scholarly journals Management of early blight of potato using bio control agents and plant extracts

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 860-864
Author(s):  
Sahar Murmu ◽  
S. Dey ◽  
A. Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Neem Leaf Extract ◽  
Chemical Fungicides

The early blight of potato is mainly controlled by using chemical fungicides but chemical fungicides have got some adverse effect on environment as well as human beings. Keeping this in mind an experiment was conducted to test the efficacy of four plant extracts (tea, garlic, onion and neem leaf extract) and four bio-control agents (Trichoderma viride, Pseudomonas fluorescence, Streptomyces graseoviridis and Bacillus substilis) in controlling early blight of potato under field and in in vitro condition. These antifungal compounds were applied 3 times at 7days interval after first appearance of the disease in the field. Among the bio control agents T. viride was found highly effective in per cent disease reduction (52.39%) of disease over control treatment. The tuber yield (25.51 t/ ha.) was also highest in this treatment compared to control treatment (19.53 t/ha). This was followed by treatment T2 i.e. P. fluorescens where per cent incidence and intensity of disease were (65.00%) and (19.10%) respectively with 38.97% reduction of disease over control with tuber yield 23.65 t/ha. It was followed by S. graseoviridis where per cent incidence and intensity of disease were (68.00%) and (22.90%) respectively with 26.30% reduction of disease over control with tuber yield 21.07 t/ha. Among plant extracts, only neem leaf extract exhibited per cent reduction of disease (33.18%) over control treatment in field condition and inhibition of radial growth (59.85%) and spore germination (81.95%) in in vitro condition. Therefore both T. viride and neem can be used for managing the early blight of potato.

scholarly journals Use of mangrove leaves (Rhizophora mucronath) extract as a biofertilizer for seed germination

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Sayekar Habiba ◽  
N.B. Yemul ◽  
R. L. Ghalme
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Rhizophora Mucronata ◽  
Fresh Leaf ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Mustard Seeds

The aqueous fresh leaf extract of Rhizophora mucronata Lam. is used for germination of Triticum aestivum (Wheat) and Brassica juncea (Mustard) seeds. The seeds treated with the aqueous extract showed high percentage of germination as well as longer root and shoot length as compared to control and other commercially used biofertilizer like Sargassum treated seeds.

scholarly journals Effect of Fungicides and Plant Extracts in the Management of Foliar, Twig and Fruit Diseases of Citrus (Citrus limon)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
K Yesmin ◽  
M Ahmad ◽  
MB Momtaz ◽  
K Begum
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Citrus Diseases ◽  
Neem Leaf Extract

A research work was conducted on citrus plants raised at GPC, of Fruit Tree Improvement Project (FTIP) at Horticulture Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, to investigate the effect of fungicides and plant extracts in controlling the scab, die-back and canker. Three fungicides viz. Cupravit 50 wp (0.4%), Dithane M-45 (0.3%), Rovral 50 WP (0.2%) and extracts of 3 plants viz. Neem {Azadirachta indica), Ginger {Zingiber officinale) and Garlic {Allium sativum) were applied for controlling the citrus (C. limon) diseases (scab, die-back and canker). All the fungicides showed significant effect in the control of the above mentioned citrus diseases. The highest reduction of the scab, die-back and canker diseases was recorded applying Rovral 50 WP. Neem leaf extract was the most effective in controlling canker of leaf and fruit. Garlic extract and Neem leaf extract were the most effective in controlling die-back of twig and branches of citrus, respectively. From the above results it can be concluded that Rovral 50 WP is the most effective chemical for controlling all citrus (C. limon) diseases and citrus canker can successfully be controlled specially by Neem leaf and garlic extract.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(1): 93-100 2017

PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN MIMBA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN HAMA Callosobruchus chinensis L. (Coleoptera : Bruchidae)

AGRICA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Yustina M.S.W Puu ◽  
Hildegardis Nalti Nansi
Keyword(s):  
Mung Bean ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Spawning Activity ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Contact Poison ◽  
Neem Leaf Extract

Callosobruchus Chinensis is a pest that damages mung bean seeds in storage and causes damage to both the quality and quantity of seeds. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of neem leaf extracts in suppressing the development of the Callosobruchus Chinensis pest as one of the postharvest pests in the commodity green beans. This research conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Flores, by using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. The concentration of neem leaf extract treatment is 0 ml / l, 25 ml / l, 30 ml / l, 35 ml / l, and 40 ml / l. The results showed that the concentration of neem leaf extract 40 ml / l caused mortality of C. Chinensis imago as contact poison by 99% and nerve poison by 47%. While the effectiveness of the limb leaf extract on spawning activity was 86%.

scholarly journals 1H nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolite profiling of guava leaf extract: an attempt to develop a prototype for standardization of plant extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manasi S. Gholkar ◽  
Jia V. Li ◽  
Poonam G. Daswani ◽  
P. Tetali ◽  
Tannaz J. Birdi
Keyword(s):  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
E Coli ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Guava Leaf

Abstract Background Herbal medicines are fast gaining popularity. However, their acceptability by modern practitioners is low which is often due to lack of standardization. Several approaches towards standardization of herbals have been employed. The current study attempted to recognize key peaks from 1H NMR spectra which together would comprise of a spectral fingerprint relating to efficacy of Psidium guajava (guava) leaf extract as an antidiarrhoeal when a number of unidentified active principles are involved. Methods Ninety samples of guava leaves were collected from three locations over three seasons. Hydroalcoholic (water and ethanol, 50:50) extracts of these samples were prepared and their 1H NMR spectra were acquired. Spectra were also obtained for quercetin, ferulic acid and gallic acid as standards. Eight bioassays reflecting different stages of diarrhoeal pathogenesis were undertaken and based on pre-decided cut-offs, the extracts were classified as ‘good’ or ‘poor’ extracts. The bioactivity data was then correlated with the 1H NMR profiles using Regression or Orthogonal Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA). Results OPLS-DA showed seasonal and regional segregation of extracts. Significant models were established for seven bioassays, namely those for anti-bacterial activity against Shigella flexneri and Vibrio cholerae, adherence of E. coli, invasion of E. coli and S. flexneri and production and binding of toxin produced by V. cholerae. It was observed that none of the extracts were good or bad across all the bioassays. The spectral analysis showed multiple peaks correlating with a particular activity. Based on NMR and LC-MS/MS, it was noted that the extracts contained quercetin, ferulic acid and gallic acid. However, they did not correlate with the peaks that segregated extracts with good and poor activity. Conclusions The current study identified key peaks in 1H NMR spectra contributing to the anti-diarrhoeal activity of guava leaf extracts. The approach of using spectral fingerprinting employed in the present study can thus be used as a prototype towards standardization of plant extracts with respect to efficacy.

scholarly journals Protective Antifungal Activity of Plantago major Extract Against the Phytopathogenic Fungi Phytophthora cinnamomi, Diplodia corticola and Colletotrichum Species

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Cláudia Ferreira ◽  
Rui Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Plantago Major

Synthetic fungicides for crops protection raise environmental and human concerns due to accumulation in edible vegetables, showing significant toxicity to humans, and in soil, groundwater and rivers, affecting ecological balance. In addition, they are prone to the development of resistant strains because of the single target-based mechanism of action. Plant extracts provide attractive alternatives, as they constitute a rich source of biodegradable secondary metabolites, such as phenols, flavonoids and saponins, which have multiple modes of antifungal action and a lower probability of the development of resistant fungi. This work has the objective of identifying plant extracts with antifungal activity, aiming to contribute to food safety and sustainable agricultural practices. We selected a saponin-containing plant, Plantago major, and extracted secondary metabolites with 50% (v/v) ethanol, dried by evaporation, and dissolved in water. For antifungal activity, the phytopathogenic fungi Colletotrichum acutatum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Colletotrichum godetiae, Colletotrichum nymphaeae, Diplodia corticola and Phytophthora cinnamomi were selected because they affect fruits and vegetables, such as strawberry, almond, apple, avocado, blueberry and chestnut trees. The aqueous extract was incorporated into PDA medium at different concentrations and mycelial discs were placed in the center of each Petri dish. Growth was measured as the radial mycelial growth at 3, 6, and 9 days incubation at 25 °C in the dark. The maximum growth inhibition (32.2%) was obtained against P. cinnamomi with 2000 µg/mL extract followed by C. gloeosporioides (25.7%) on the sixth day and by C. godetiae and C. nymphaeae (21.1%) on the ninth day. Results show that P. major presents antifungal activity in all phytopathogenic fungi tested and the extract can be used to protect important crops, by inhibiting the development of fungal infections and promoting food security and a sustainable agriculture.

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