scholarly journals Bacterial isolates and drug susceptibility patterns of ear discharge from patients with ear infection at Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College.

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Akter ◽  
S. M. Shamsuzzaman ◽  
Naznin Nehar ◽  
Ishrat Siddiqui ◽  
Ferdush Jahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Isolation ◽  
Ear Infection ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility ◽  
Very High ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Multiple Antibiotics

Ear infection is a common problem for both children and adults especially in developing countries. However in Bangladesh particularly in the study area, there is no recent data that shows the magnitude of the problem. A retrospective study was conducted from from April, 2013 to March, 2014 at Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College. Ear discharge samples were cultured on MacConkey agar, blood agar and chocolate agar plates. A total of 115 ear discharge samples were tested for bacterial isolation and 86 (74.78%) cases were found positive; 49 (56.98%) were gram negative bacteria and the predominant isolate were S. aureus 21 (24.42%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 20 (23.26%). Of individuals 70 (81.40%) had single bacterial infection and 16 (18.60%) had mixed bacterial infections. Under five children were more affected by ear infection. The prevalence of ear infection was higher in females than males (64.35% vs 35.65%) (P=0.879). The prevalence of ear infection was very high in the study area. Majority of the bacterial isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics. Hence antibiotics susceptibility test is mandatory before prescribing any antibiotics.Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2015; 9 (2): 20-23

scholarly journals BACTERIAL ISOLATES AND DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERNS OF EAR DISCHARGE FROM PATIENTS WITH EAR INFECTION AT DARBHANGA MEDICAL COLLEGE, LAHERIASARAI, BIHAR.

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-49
Author(s):  
Sanjan Sanju ◽  
Manish Kumar Purbey ◽  
R. S. Prasad ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Isolation ◽  
Ear Infection ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility ◽  
Very High ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Multiple Antibiotics

Ear infection is a common problem for both children and adults especially in developing countries. A retrospective study was conducted from October, 2019 to September, 2020 at Darbhanga Medical College, Laheriasarai, Bihar. Ear discharge samples were cultured on MacConkey agar, blood agar and chocolate agar plates. A total of 115 ear discharge samples were tested for bacterial isolation and 86 (74.78%) cases were found positive; 49 (56.98%) were gram negative bacteria and the predominant isolate were S. aureus 21 (24.42%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 20 (23.26%). Of individuals 70 (81.40%) had single bacterial infection and 16 (18.60%) had mixed bacterial infections. Under five children were more affected by ear infection. The prevalence of ear infection was higher in females than males (64.35% vs 35.65%) (P=0.879). The prevalence of ear infection was very high in the study area. Majority of the bacterial isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics. Hence antibiotics susceptibility test is mandatory before prescribing any antibiotics.

scholarly journals Geographical distribution and antibiotics susceptibility patterns of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae isolates from Kisumu County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silas O. Awuor ◽  
Eric O. Omwenga ◽  
Ibrahim I. Daud
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Antimicrobial Drug Resistance ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Background: Multiple drug resistance has become a major threat to the treatment of cholera. Recent studies in Kenya have described the epidemiology, especially the risk factors, of cholera; however, there is little information on the phenotypic and drug susceptibility patterns of Vibrio cholerae (V. cholerae) in outbreaks that in the recent past have occurred in western Kenya.Aim: To characterise and determine the antibiotics’ susceptibility profiling of toxigenic V. cholerae isolates from Kisumu County.Setting: The project was conducted in Kisumu County, Kenya.Methods: A total of 119 V. cholerae O1, biotype El Tor, isolates collected during 2017 cholera outbreak in Kisumu County were used for this study. The samples were cultured on thiosulphate-citrate-bile salts sucrose (TCBS) agar and biochemical tests were carried out using standard procedures. Susceptibility tests were conducted by using various conventional antibiotics against standard procedures.Results: Of the 119 isolates, 101 were confirmed to be V. cholerae belonging to serotypes Inaba and Ogawa, with Inaba being the predominant serotype (73.95%). The isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin (100%), ofloxacin (100%), gentamycin (100%), doxycycline (99%), ceftriaxone (99%) and streptomycin (96.04%) antimicrobials, and resistant to erythromycin (53.47%), amoxicillin (64.4%), nalidixic acid (83.2%) and ampicillin (89.11%), with high resistance to cotrimoxazole (99%) and tetracycline (97%).Conclusion: Vibrio cholerae was resistant to multiple antibiotics, including those commonly used in the management of cholera. Taken together, there is a need to carry out regular surveillance on antimicrobial drug resistance during outbreaks.

scholarly journals PHYLOGENETIC GROUP OF ESCHERICHIA COLI IN URINE OF CHILDREN ATTENDING A MATERNAL AND CHILD CENTRE, LAGOS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Anotu Mopelola Deji-Agboola ◽  
Esther Abieyuwa Utomwen ◽  
Olubunmi Adetokunbo Osinupebi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Phylogenetic Group ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Very High

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections causing significant morbidity in children. This study determines the phylogenetic group of Escherichia coli  isolated from the urine of children attending Maternal and Child Centre,  Amuwo-Odofin, Lagos State. Clean voided midstream urine sample collected  from 215 children aged five years and below . The urine samples were culture on Mac Conkey and blood agar, bacterial 5counts greater than or equal to 1 x 10CFU/ml were regarded as positive for UTI. Identification of isolates and antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using standard methods. Polymerase Chain Reaction was used to classify the isolated E. coli into A, B1, B2 and D phylogenetic groups using presence or absence of ChuA, Yja A and TspE4C2. The prevalence of UTI was 51.2% with preponderance in male 62.7% aged 24 – 35months 75.0%. Staphylococcus aureus 19.1% followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 12.7% and Escherichia coli10.0% were common bacterial isolates. The isolates were highly resistant to Augmentin (71.8%) and Ampicillin 91.8%; the Escherichia coli were resistant to Augmentin 54.5% and Ampicillin 100%. The E. coli were classed into B1,A, and D phylogenetic groups with percentages of 54.5%27.3% and 18.2% respectively. , The prevalence of bacteria UTI among children in this study was very high, the isolates were highly resistant to the antibiotics tested, the E.coli belong to phylogenetic groups A, B1 and D and all were resistant to Ampicillin.

scholarly journals Etiologies of diarrhea and drug susceptibility patterns of bacterial isolates among under-five year children in refugee camps in Gambella Region, Ethiopia: a case control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Getachew Kabew Mekonnen ◽  
Bezatu Mengistie ◽  
Geremew Sahilu ◽  
Helmut Kloos ◽  
Worku Mulat
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Despite substantial global effort and updated clinical management guidelines, diarrhea continues to be among leading worldwide causes of morbidity and mortality in children. Infectious diarrhea, the most common form of diarrhea causes substantial morbidity and mortality among children in developing countries, and the muddled use of antibiotics needs caution due to potential problems of drug-resistance. The aim of this study is to identify etiologies of diarrhea and drug susceptibility patterns of bacterial isolates in under-five children in refugee camps in Gambella Region, Ethiopia. Methods An institution- based matched case control study was conducted using a questionnaire-based interview from June to December 2017 in Pugnido and Teirkidi refugee camps. Stool samples were collected and parasites causing diarrhea were identified by wet mount microscopy. Conventional culture supplemented with API 20E identification kit was used to identify Salmonella and Shigella species. Antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates was investigated by using the disk diffusion method. The association between etiologies and diarrhea was analyzed using McNemar test or Fisher exact test with 95% confidence interval at a level of significance of P < 0.05. Results The overall prevalence of enteric pathogens were 55 (41.0%) in diarrhea cases and 18 (13.4%) in healthy controls. The detected etiologies include Giardia lambia (28), Shigella spp. (16), E. hystolyotica/dispar (13), Ascaris lumbricoides (10), Salmonella spp. (6), Cryptosporidium parvum (6), Hymenolepis nana (4) and Isospora belli (3). All isolates were sensitive to kanamycine and ceftazidime. The high resistance rate was observed against ampicillin (100%), amoxicillin (100%), erythromycin (52%), chloramphenicol (47.5%), tetracycline (40.5%), cotrimoxazole (34.8%) and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (33%). The majorities of the isolates had a low rate of resistance to ciprofloxacin (8.7%), naldxic acid (8.7%) and amikacin (13%). Conclusions Giardia lamblia, E. Hystolytica/dispar, and Shigella spp are the common etiologies of diarrhea in children in the studied refugee camps. The study also showed that significant numbers of bacterial isolates were resistant to the commonly used antimicrobial drugs. Therefore, improving clinical laboratory services and promoting evidence-based drug prescription may reinforce proper use of antibiotics and reduce the emergence of microbial resistance.

scholarly journals Bacterial etiology of otitis media and their antibiogram among patients attending tertiary care hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1604
Author(s):  
Ashish Sharma ◽  
Nagababu Pyadala
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Ear Infection ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Sensitivity Report ◽  
System Disorder

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Otitis media is one of the common infection prevalent worldwide. Chronic ear infection in older children can cause hearing loss which leads difficulty in communication, learning and social adjustment. It can result to severe disability, death due to central nervous system disorder in developing countries. Hence, the present study aimed to determine the bacteriological profile and its antibiogram of ear infection.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study conducted in ENT department of MNR Medical College and Hospital during the period of October 2019 to January 2020.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 120 patients were included in this study. Among the total, 70 were adult (58.3%), age group ranges between 20-55 years and 50 were children (41.6%). Bacterial isolates from ear swab included; <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> 28, <em>Pseudomonas </em>19, <em>Klebsiella spp</em> 15, <em>Proteus spp</em> 10, <em>Escherichiae coli</em> 7, <em>Enterobacter spp</em> 4 and <em>Citrobacter spp</em> 2. Overall bacteria mostly sensitive to drugs like pipercillin tazobactum (85%), amikacin (90%) and gentamycin (90.2%). Other than these drugs ampicillin (90.1%), cefazolin (90%), cefuroxime (89.4%), ceftriaxone (81%), oxacillin (83.4%), penicillin (88.2%) showed highly resistant to bacterial isolates.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Therefore, it is clear from this study that, most of the prescribed drugs were resistant to bacteria isolated from ear infection. Hence it is mandatory to include culture and sensitivity report to manage the cases of otitis media.</p>

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