Study on association of cutaneous tuberculosis with pulmonary tuberculosis

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAK Mahmud ◽  
HK Paul ◽  
ASM Zakaria ◽  
MA Rahman ◽  
MAJ Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Mantoux Test ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Cutaneous Tuberculosis ◽  
Age Range

Background: Tuberculosis continues to be a health problem in many countries. There may be simultaneous multiple organ involvement. Diagnosis of one organ disease may lead to missing off diagnosis of other organ involvement.Objectives: The present study was done to analyze the association of cutaneous tuberculosis with pulmonary tuberculosis.Material and methods: Through purposive sampling a total of 23 patients of suspected cutaneous tuberculosis were primarily enrolled in this cross sectional study. History was taken and examinations were done to find out types of cutaneous lesions and to explore a pulmonary involvement. Investigations including CBC with ESR, Mantoux test and Skin biopsy were done for each and every patient. Those who had cutaneous tuberculosis on histopathology chest x-ray were done to detect pulmonary lesions. After investigations 2 patients were excluded due to absence of tubercular infection. Finally 21 patients were included in this study. Data were collected in a predesigned structured questionnaire.Results: Out of 21 patients 16 (76.19%) were male and 5(23.81%) were female with a male to female ratio of 3.2:1. Age range varies from 5-70 years with a mean of 29.76±18.2 years. MT was positive in 76.20% of patients. CXR showed 23.81% of the patients with cutaneous TB had simultaneous pulmonary involvement. The association is statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusions: Patients with Cutaneous tuberculosis may have pulmonary involvement in a statistically significant number. In any patient with cutaneous TB, meticulous systemic examinations and relevant investigations have to be done to explore pulmonary involvement. DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v36i2.6988Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2010; 36: 57-60

scholarly journals Association of eating speed and energy intake of main meals with overweight in Chinese pre-school children

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 2029-2036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Lin ◽  
Liping Pan ◽  
Lixia Tang ◽  
Jingxiong Jiang ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
School Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Main Meals

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association between eating behaviours (eating speed and energy intake of main meals) and overweight in pre-school children.DesignCross-sectional study. Data consisted of measurements (height and weight), questionnaire information (eating behaviours of eating speed and overeating) and on-site observation data (meal duration and energy intake of main meals).SettingSeven kindergartens in Beijing, China.SubjectsPre-school children (n 1138; age range 3·1–6·7 years old) from seven kindergartens participated in the study.ResultsThe multivariate-adjusted odds ratio of overweight in participants with parent-reported ‘more than needed food intake’ was 3·02 (95 % CI 2·06, 4·44) compared with the ‘medium food intake’ participants, and higher eating speed was associated with childhood overweight. For the two observed eating behaviours, each 418·7 kJ (100 kcal) increase of lunch energy intake significantly increased the likelihood for overweight by a factor of 1·445, and each 5-min increase in meal duration significantly decreased the likelihood for overweight by a factor of 0·861. Increased portions of rice and cooked dishes were significantly associated with overweight status (OR = 2·274; 95 % CI 1·360, 3·804 and OR = 1·378; 95 % CI 1·010, 1·881, respectively).ConclusionsEating speed and excess energy intake of main meals are associated with overweight in pre-school children.

scholarly journals Prevalencia de las limitaciones funcionales durante el envejecimiento en la población española y su relación con el índice de masa corporal (Prevalence of functional limitations during aging in a representative sample of Spanish population and its relati

Retos ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 200-204
Author(s):  
Raquel Leirós-Rodríguez ◽  
Vicente Romo-Pérez ◽  
Anxela Soto-Rodríguez ◽  
José L García-Soidán
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Age Range

Objetivo: describir la prevalencia de las limitaciones funcionales y examinar las asociaciones entre IMC, edad, sexo y limitaciones funcionales. Material y Método: en este estudio transversal se emplearon los datos de 5.970 personas mayores de 65 años (rango de edad: 65-94 años) procedentes de la Encuesta Europea de Salud 2014 (EES14) realizados por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y el Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad del Gobierno español. Resultados: los datos mostraron que los hombres tenían una mejor percepción de sus limitaciones funcionales que las mujeres. En todas las variables analizadas, los hombres (sin importar la edad) reportaron menos limitaciones que las mujeres. El índice de masa corporal no obtuvo correlación significativa con el grado de limitación funcional en ninguna de las actividades evaluadas. Conclusiones: las mujeres de 75 años o más y los hombres a partir de los 85 años mostraron una gran dificultad para caminar, subir escaleras, agacharse y transportar cargas de peso medio. De hecho, la edad obtuvo correlaciones significativas con el grado de limitación funcional, al contrario que el índice de masa corporal.Abstract. Objective: to describe the prevalence of functional limitations and examine its association with BMI, age, and sex. Method: in this cross-sectional study, data from 5,970 people aged 65 and over (age range 65-94 years) was retrieved from the European Health Survey 2014 (EES14) conducted by the National Statistics Institute and the Ministry of Health, Services Social and Equality of the Spanish Government. Results: the data showed that men had a better perception of their functional limitations than women. In all variables analyzed, men (regardless of age) reported fewer limitations than women. Body mass index did not correlate significantly with the degree of functional limitation in any of the evaluated activities. Conclusions: women aged 75 years and over and men over 85 years of age showed great difficulty walking, climbing stairs, bending over, and carrying medium weight loads. In fact, age correlated significantly with the degree of functional limitation, unlike body mass index.

scholarly journals Effect of Helminth Infestationin Children Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Lauretta Chito Orji ◽  
Nnamdi Benson Onyire ◽  
Bede C. Ibe ◽  
Roland Ibekwe
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Stool Analysis ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Cd4 Cell

Introduction: Infection by human immunodeficiency virus results in immune destruction, while studies among the Ethiopian immigrants in Israel showed that chronic helminthiasis induces immune dysregulation. With destruction of CD4+ cell and consequently progression to AIDS, the host may be more susceptible to invading organisms such as helminths. This study was aimed at determining the effect of immune state on the prevalence and intensity of helminth infection in HIV infected children in two hospitals in Abakaliki.Material and Methods: It was a cross sectional study that involved consecutive recruitment of 84 confirmed HIV infected children attending the ART clinic. Stool analysis for subjects was done, using the Kato-Katz technique. Blood sample for estimation of CD4 cell count was carried outusing flow cytometer from the HIV positive subjects.Results: A total of 84 subjects were recruited during the study period, majority were males (58.3%). Male to female ratio was 1.4:1. The age range of participants was 2-17 years, while mean age of subjects infected with helminthiasis was 6.10± 3.34 year. A significant number of subjects in advanced and severe immunological stages had helminthiasis (χ2 =12.49, p=0.001). There was however no significant relationship between intensity of helminthiasis and immunologic stages of subjects.Conclusion: The study suggests that immunodeficiency state may increase the susceptibility of helminth infection in HIV infected children. Hence children with HIV/AIDS may benefit from routine testing and/or de-worming of helminth infection.  

scholarly journals METAL RESTORATIONS;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lubna Memon ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan Memon ◽  
Aamir Mehmood Butt ◽  
Madiha Waqas Memon
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Dental Prostheses ◽  
Metal Ceramic ◽  
Fixed Dental Prostheses ◽  
Fixed Prosthesis ◽  
Age Range

Introduction: Aesthetic is the most important consideration for the replacement of missing teeth. Traditional metal-ceramic fixed dental prostheses are stronger, clinically recognized, and reliable and will therefore persist the first consideration. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro. Period: October 2015 to September 2016. Material and Methods: Using non probability consecutive sampling technique. Data from 120 patients regarding effect of age on appearance after providing metal-ceramic fixed prosthesis were collected using the method of interview and examination. Results: The male to female ratio was 1:1.4 with a mean age of 30 years and standard deviation (SD) 10.88. 120 Patients were divided in four age groups. Out of Sixty-six patients with age range from 19 to 30 years, thirty-eight were found to be completely satisfied. Out of 21 patients of 31-40 years old, eighteen were aesthetically satisfied. In another group comprises of 24 patients with an age range 41-50, seventeen showed completely satisfaction. Another group, age range from 51-60 that showed 9 patients, in which six patients were satisfied with fixed prosthesis. Conclusion: Most of the patients in this study were satisfied after providing prostheses. Middle age (31-40years) patients showed more satisfaction comparative to other age groups.

scholarly journals Study of Lipid Profile in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 2330-2333
Author(s):  
Rashid Ahmad ◽  
Khalil Ullah ◽  
Ghazala Shaheen ◽  
Muhammad Ikram Shah ◽  
Muazzam Fuaad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Age Range

Background and Aim: Premature atherosclerosis and increased prevalence of cardiovascular mortality are significantly associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The CKD risk factors contribute to cardiovascular and atherogenesis disease. Anemia, inflammation, vascular calcification, lack of physical activity, lipid disorders, endothelial dysfunction, and oxidative stress are various risk-induced factors for CKD patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate or assess the lipid profile in chronic kidneys disease. Place and Duration of Study: Conducted at Medicine department of Lady Reading hospital, Peshawar and Pak International Medical College, Peshawar for duration of six months between November 2020 and April 2021. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 70 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) with an age range of 18 and 65 years. The male to female ratio was 1.3:1. A Control group of 70 patients of similar age and sex were enrolled in this study. Lipid profile and collection of blood specimen were managed from both groups were taken. Other parameters such as PPBS, creatinine, FBS, and blood urea results were compared for both groups. Results: The overall mean age of the study group patients was 42.4±11.5 years while the control group's mean age was 51.6±9.8 years. The prevalence of CKD patients was high 17 (24%) in the age range of 30-40 years. The prevalence of Dyslipidemia parameters such as High TC, High TG, High VLDL-C, HIGH LDL-C and low HDL-C was 49.8%, 66.7%, 67%, 42.5%, and 72.9% respectively. Overall dyslipidemia prevalence was 81.7%. Significant decrease in HDL-C while the increase in TG and VLDL-C was reported. On comparing hypertension comorbid conditions with triglyceride, HDL, and VLDL statistical significance was found. SPSS version 24 was used for data analysis. Conclusion: A significant amount of dyslipidemia is found in CKD patients. As a result, treating dyslipidemia will reduce mortality in CKD patients. Patients with CKD are predisposed to accelerated atherosclerosis, which increases the risk of CVD. The presence of an atherogenic lipid profile in CKD is confirmed by this study. Keywords: CKD, Lipid Profile, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia

scholarly journals Pneumothorax in neonates with meconium aspiration.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1844-1849
Author(s):  
Muhammad Amin ◽  
Mukhtar Ahmad ◽  
Malik Muhammad Naeem ◽  
Muhammad Amir Ramzan
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ◽  
Pediatric Medicine ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Meconium Aspiration ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
Age Range

Objectives: Recent years have seen advances in respiratory supports for meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) but pneumothorax (PTX) still stands a significant indicator of disease severity. This study was aimed to determine the frequency of PTX in newborn with meconium aspiration. Study Design: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Pediatric Medicine, Unit 1, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur, and Department of Pediatric Medicine, Ghazi Khan Medical College/Hospital, Dera Ghazi Khan. Period: 1st June 2017 to 30th September 2018. Material and Methods: A total of 736 patients with meconium aspiration of age 1-28 days and both genders were included. Patients with congenital heart anomalies and preterm infants were excluded. Presence or absence of PTX in each patient was noted. Results: Age range in this study was from 1 to 28 days with mean age of 12.80 ± 6.52 days. Majority of the patients 434 (58.97%) were between 1 to 14 days of age. Out of the 736 patients, 394 (53.53%) were male and 342 (46.47%) were females with male to female ratio of 1.2:1. Frequency of PTX in newborn with meconium aspiration was found in 176 (23.91%) patients. Conclusion: Frequency of PTX in newborn with meconium aspiration is quite high. In every newborn with meconium aspiration, proper management should be done for early prevention as well as taking therapeutic measures in this particular population.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of common bacterial pathogens causing pneumonia in children age 1 month to 5 years

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (09) ◽  
pp. 1393-1397
Author(s):  
Farman Ali ◽  
Rifaq Zeb ◽  
Farid Ullah ◽  
Junaid Zeb
Keyword(s):  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumonia ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Study Setting

Background: Pneumonia is defined as inflammation of lung parenchyma. Aim of the current study was to identify the culture and sensitivity of bacteria causing pneumonia in one month to 5 years of age. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Department of Pediatric Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital (KTH), Peshawar. Period: December 2016 to March 2018. Material & Methods: Total 292 patients were randomly included in study. Data were collected by pre designed Performa and analyzed by SPSS 21. Results: Mean age of patients was 2.7 ± 1.2 years. Male to female ratio was 3:2. Culture report showed 123(42.1%) were Staphylococcus Aureus positive, 87(29.8%) streptococcus pneumonia, 75(25.7%) Hemophilus Influenza, 3(0.01%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 2(0.0068%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, 2 (0.0068%)  E.coli positive. All the bacteria were sensitive to commonly used antibiotics unless we observed resistance of H. Influenza against clarithromycin and Co amoxiclav. In rest of seven cases, out of total two cases of E. coli both were sensitive to amikacin while resistance to amoxil and co amoxiclave. Out of total three pseudomonas cases, two cases were resistance to ceftriaxone and amoxil, one was sensitive to ceftriaxone, while all three were sensitive to amikacin, two cases were of klebsiella pneumonia and both of them were sensitive to amikacin while resistant to amoxil. Conclusion: Most common organism causing pneumonia in one month to 5 years of age is S aureus followed by S pneaumoniae, H influenza, Paurogenosia, klabsiella and E.coli. Most of these organisms were sensitive to amoxil, ampiclox, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone while resistance of H influenza was observed to clarithromycin and co amoxiclave.

scholarly journals Clinical and Aetiological Pattern of Chronic Diarrhoea in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
MN Islam ◽  
Amiruzzaman ◽  
MA Azhar ◽  
S Yeasmin ◽  
N Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Intestinal Tuberculosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Chronic Diarrhoea ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Double Balloon Enteroscopy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Carcinoma Colon

Chronic diarrhoea is one of the most common conditions facing both primary care clinicians and gastroenterologistsThe present study was a cross-sectional study conducted on 100 patients at the Department Medicine and Gastroenterology of Sir Salimullah Medical College, Mitford Hospital, Dhaka. Patients with chronic diarrhoea of at least 4 weeks duration were enrolled in the study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The mean age was 39.14± 14.74 years with a range of 18 to 70 years. The male to female ratio was roughly of 2:1. Among the female 24% were housewives. Equal percentages of patients had abdominal pain, anorexia & significant weight loss (64%). Other clinical features were anemia (34%) fever and rectal bleeding (24%). The leading diagnoses were irritable bowel syndrome (34%), ulcerative colitis (18%), intestinal tuberculosis (12%), chronic pancreatitis (6%), carcinoma colon, intestinal lymphoma, non specific colitis &Crohn’s disease (4% each). Endoscopy of upper GIT was done in 14% patients, colonoscopy 66%, double balloon enteroscopy 6% and specific histological diagnosis found in 56%, 10% was non-specific, 6% was diagnosed by ultrasound and 1% by stool routine examination. It was found that IBS, inflammatory bowel disease and intestinal tuberculosis are the leading cause in our country. Aetiology of chronic diarrhoea can be diagnosed by good history, clinical examinations and an appropriate investigation of which colonoscopy is most useful.TAJ 2016; 29(1): 43-48

scholarly journals Clinico-pathological profile of paediatric head and neck cancers in Tanzania: Findings from the country’s largest tertiary hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1142
Author(s):  
Zephania Saitabau Abraham ◽  
Daudi Ntunaguzi ◽  
Aveline Aloyce Kahinga ◽  
Henry Swai ◽  
Siwillis Mithe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
High Data ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
Age Range

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Head and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the world and the largest burden occurs in developing countries where such burden of infectious diseases is also high. Data on the clinico-pathological profile of paediatric head and neck cancers is scarce in Tanzania. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in Tanzania to characterize such profile.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A hospital based descriptive cross sectional study was conducted involving 180 pediatric patients at Muhimbili National Hospital. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS program version 21.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 180 paediatric patients were recruited where 61.1% were males with a male to female ratio of 1.57:1 and majority fell into the 0-5years age range (53.9%). Ten primary anatomical sites were found with the neck (cervical lymph node) (36.1%) predominating followed by the orbit/eye (34.4%) and the least common site was parapharyngeal space (0.5%). The neck was more affected in patients aged 6-11 years with a diagnosis of lymphomas (98.5%) whereas the orbit was affected predominantly in those aged 0-5 years (90.3%) by retinoblastoma (79%). The predominant histocytopathological variant was lymphoma (52.8%) and the least was Langerhans cell histiocytosis (0.6%). Lymphomas and retinoblastoma occurred commonly in males (70.53% and 53.06% respectively) but sarcomas showed no gender predilection. Lymphomas (32.6%) and retinoblastomas (93.9%) predominated in patients aged 6-11 years and 0-5 years respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Lymphomas, retinoblastomas and sarcomas were more predominant in paediatric patients similar to what has been reported in various reports elsewhere.</p>

scholarly journals Phenotypic Detection of Genitourinary Candidiasis among Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic Attendees in Ladoke Akintola University Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluranti J. Obisesan ◽  
Olugbenga A. Olowe ◽  
Samuel S. Taiwo
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Disease ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Age Range

The management of genitourinary candidiasis (GC) is fraught with challenges, especially, in an era of increasing antifungal resistance. This descriptive cross-sectional study conducted between May 2013 and January 2014 determined the prevalence and characteristics of GC and the species ofCandidaamong 369 attendees of a Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) clinic of Ladoke Akintola University Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria. Appropriate urogenital specimen collected from each attendee was examined by microscopy and culture forCandida, with preliminary species identification by CHROMAgarCandidaand confirmation by Analytical Profile Index (API) 20C AUX. The age range of attendees was 1-80 years, mean age was36.32±11.34years, and male to female ratio was 1 to 3. The prevalence of genitourinary candidiasis was 47.4%, with 4.9% in males and 42.5% in females (p<0.0001). The age groups 31–45 and 16–30 have the highest prevalence of 23.3% and 16.8%, respectively. The species ofCandidarecovered includeCandida glabrata46.9%,Candida albicans33.7%,Candida dubliniensis9.7%,Candida tropicalis5.7%,Candida krusei1.7%,Candida lusitaniae1.7%, andCandida utilis0.6%. This study reported non-C. albicansCandida, especiallyC. glabrata,as the most frequently isolated species in GC, contrary to previous studies in this environment and elsewhere.

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