scholarly journals A Short Review on the Bioactive Constituents from Six Terminalia Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Mohammad Musarraf Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Short Review ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Terminalia Chebula ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Heart Problem ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Great Attraction ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Pharmacological Potential

Terminalia as a genus has received a great attraction to evaluate and examine the pharmacological potential having their medicinal properties. Different species under Terminalia genus have been used as herbal medicine with various formulations in the treatment of abdominal pain, cancer, cough, conjunctivitis, diarrea, heart problem, leproscopy, urinary tract infection, and sexual related diseases. These properties have been reported to express abundant biological characteristics for example antioxidant, antiparasitic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory. This review has constructed to solicitude the phytochemicals from the genus Terminalia. A total six species belongs to this genus such as Terminalia chebula, T. citrina, T. phanerophlebia, T. belerica, T. catappa, and T. arjuna have been studied and fifty-six phytochemicals with their chemical structures have been reported in this review. Terminalia chebula consists of a higher number of phytochemicals as compared to the other species. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 24(1): 76-82, 2021

A Prospective Review on Phyto-pharmacological Aspects of Vitex negundo Linn.

2019 ◽  
Vol 05 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Faisal Khan ◽  
Poonam Arora ◽  
Mahaveer Dhobi
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Vitex Negundo ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Important Drug

Background: Vitex negundo Linn. commonly known as five leave chase tree is an ethnobotanically important drug in traditional system of medicine. The plant is widely distributed in India, China and other Asian and American countries. Objective: The review aims at presenting comprehensive information with respect to ethnopharmacological rele-vance and recent findings on phytochemical and biological activities of Vitex negundo. Method: Literature was collected from various sources such as pubmed, scopus, science direct, and others. Results: Extracts and secondary metabolites of this plant, particularly those from roots and leaves, possess useful pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antioxidant, antimicrobial, galactagogue, antigas-tric, antiflatulant, antiparasitic, analgesic, hepatoprotective and antihypertensive, some of which have been vali-dated scientifically. All parts of plant especially leave and roots contain a large number of bioactive phytoconstitu-ents including flavonoids, iridoids, lignans, volatile oil, terpenes, coumarins, phenolic and steroidal compounds which impart it multiple medicinal properties. Vitexin, isovitexin, viridifol, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid and iso-chlorogenic acid are the main components. Conclusion: The review emphasises the medicinal importance of Vitex negundo and its bioactive constituents in traditional system of medicine.

Short Review and opinion: New matter properties and applications based on Hybrids Graphene based Metamaterials

2020 ◽  
Vol 04 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Guillermo Bracamonte
Keyword(s):  
Short Review ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Current State ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Miniaturized Instrumentation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Conductive Properties

: Graphene as Organic material showed special attention due to their electronic and conductive properties. Moreover, its highly conjugated chemical structures and relative easy modification permitted varied design and control of targeted properties and applications. In addition, this Nanomaterial accompanied with pseudo Electromagnetic fields permitted photonics, electronics and Quantum interactions with their surrounding that generated new materials properties. In this context, this short Review, intends to discuss many of these studies related with new materials based on graphene for light and electronic interactions, conductions, and new modes of non-classical light generation. It should be highlighted that these new materials and metamaterials are currently in progress. For this reason it was showed and discussed some representative examples from Fundamental Research with Potential Applications as well as for their incorporations to real Advanced devices and miniaturized instrumentation. In this way, it was proposed this Special issue entitled “Design and synthesis of Hybrids Graphene based Metamaterials”, in order to open and share the knowledge of the Current State of the Art in this Multidisciplinary field.

scholarly journals Influencing Factors on the Physicochemical Characteristics of Tea Polysaccharides

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3457
Author(s):  
Ting Hu ◽  
Peng Wu ◽  
Jianfeng Zhan ◽  
Weixin Wang ◽  
Junfeng Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Difference ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Tea Polysaccharides ◽  
Fine Structures

Tea polysaccharides (TPSs) are one of the main bioactive constituents of tea with various biological activities such as hypoglycemic effect, antioxidant, antitumor, and immunomodulatory. The bioactivities of TPSs are directly associated with their structures such as chemical composition, molecular weight, glycosidic linkages, and conformation among others. To study the relationship between the structures of TPSs and their bioactivities, it is essential to elucidate the structure of TPSs, particularly the fine structures. Due to the vast variation nature of monosaccharide units and their connections, the structure of TPSs is extremely complex, which is also affected by several major factors including tea species, processing technologies of tea and isolation methods of TPSs. As a result of the complexity, there are few studies on their fine structures and chain conformation. In the present review, we aim to provide a detailed summary of the multiple factors influencing the characteristics of TPS chemical structures such as variations of tea species, degree of fermentation, and preparation methods among others as well as their applications. The main aspects of understanding the structural difference of TPSs and influencing factors are to assist the study of the structure and bioactivity relationship and ultimately, to control the production of the targeted TPSs with the most desired biological activity.

scholarly journals A Further Comprehensive Review on the Phytoconstituents from the Genus Erythrina

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Musarraf Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Significant Source ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Previous Review

Erythrina is a significant source of phytoconstituents. The aim of this review is to solicitude of classification, synthesis, and phytochemicals with biological activities of Erythrina. In our previous review on this genus (Hussain et. al., 2016a) fifteen species (Erythrina addisoniae, E. caribeae, E. indica, E. lattisima, E. melanacantha, E. mildbraedii, E. poeppigiama, E. stricta, E. subumbrans, E. veriagata, E. vespertilio, E. velutina, E. zeberi, E. zeyheri and E. americana) have been studied and 155 molecules with chemical structures were reported. A further comprehensive review was done upon continuation on the same genus and thirteen species (E. abyssinica, E. arborescens, E. berteroana, E. burttii, E. caffra, E. coralloids, E. crista-galli, E. fusca, E. herbaceae, E. lysistemon, E. mulungu, E. speciosa and E. tahitensis) of Erythrina have been studied and 127 compounds are reported as phytoconstituents with their chemical structure in this review. Erythrina crista-galli and E. lysistemon consist of highest number of chemical constituents. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 23(1): 65-77, 2020

scholarly journals A Review of Bacteriochlorophyllides: Chemical Structures and Applications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1293
Author(s):  
Chih-Hui Yang ◽  
Keng-Shiang Huang ◽  
Yi-Ting Wang ◽  
Jei-Fu Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cell ◽  
Synthetic Route ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Heme Synthesis ◽  
Potential Applications

Generally, bacteriochlorophyllides were responsible for the photosynthesis in bacteria. Seven types of bacteriochlorophyllides have been disclosed. Bacteriochlorophyllides a/b/g could be synthesized from divinyl chlorophyllide a. The other bacteriochlorophyllides c/d/e/f could be synthesized from chlorophyllide a. The chemical structure and synthetic route of bacteriochlorophyllides were summarized in this review. Furthermore, the potential applications of bacteriochlorophyllides in photosensitizers, immunosensors, influence on bacteriochlorophyll aggregation, dye-sensitized solar cell, heme synthesis and for light energy harvesting simulation were discussed.

Total Productive Maintenance: Competing or Complementary to other Initiatives?

2013 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 472-476
Author(s):  
Adnan Hj. Bakri ◽  
Abdul Rahman Abdul Rahim ◽  
Noordin Mohd Yusof
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Short Review ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Total Productive Maintenance ◽  
Quality Initiatives ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Manufacturing Organization

The objective of this short review paper is to examine the practical applications of Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) in the manufacturing industry. In this short review, an attempt was made to critically discuss the previous literatures related to TPM with the other established quality initiatives in the manufacturing, such as Total Quality Management (TQM) and Just-In-Time practice (JIT). This literature review-based research revealed an important research gaps related to TPM. The significance role of TPM as an important complementary to either TQM or JIT initiative is observed not been well addressed in the available literatures. Most of the researches available investigate these initiatives separately, focuses on the other element rather than addressing on the significant role of TPM as one of the main thrust. The separate implementation of such quality initiatives in the manufacturing organization means the requirement of large scale human, financial and technical resources as well the associated problems of running competing project in the company. The outcomes from this review justify the needs of further research in the area of TPM integration with other available initiatives, to further enhance its methodology aimed at solidifying its philosophy towards more realistic practical applications.

Actions of peptides isolated from amphibian skin on pancreatic acinar cells.

1978 ◽  
Vol 235 (2) ◽  
pp. E112 ◽  
Author(s):  
R J May ◽  
T P Conlon ◽  
V Erspamer ◽  
J D Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Cell Function ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pancreatic Acinar Cells ◽  
Amphibian Skin ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Cholinergic Agents ◽  
Muscarinic Cholinergic ◽  
45Ca Release ◽  
Initial Uptake

In dispersed acinar cells prepared from guinea pig pancreas, peptides isolated from amphibian skin (caerulein, bombesin, litorin, and physalaemin) as well as eledoisin, a peptide isolated from the posterior salivary gland of a Mediterranean octopod, increased outflux of 45Ca, release of bound 45Ca, accumulation of cyclic GMP, and release of amylase. In addition, bombesin, litorin, physalaemin, and eledoisin each increased the initial uptake of 45Ca by dispersed acinar cells, whereas C-terminal octapeptide of porcine cholecystokinin (CCK-OP) and carbamylcholine did not increase the initial uptake of 45Ca but, rather, abolished the increase caused by the other agents. None of the actions of these amphibian peptides was altered by concentrations of atropine sufficient to abolish the effects of muscarinic cholinergic agents. None of the amphibian peptides altered cellular cyclic AMP or the increase caused by secretin or porcine vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). Acinar cells preincubated with 45Ca plus bombesin showed the same rate of release of 45Ca as did control cells and this rate was not altered by adding bombesin but was increased fivefold by adding CCK-OP. In terms of their chemical structures as well as the potency and efficacy with which they alter acinar cell function, the amphibian peptides plus CCK-OP can be grouped into three pairs: caerulein with CCK-OP, bombesin with litorin, and physalaemin with eledoisin.

scholarly journals Titus Flavius Clemens’ Stance on Wine as Expressed in Paedagogus

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 187-205
Author(s):  
Jolanta Dybała ◽  
Krzysztof Jagusiak ◽  
Michał Pawlak
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Food Product ◽  
The Other ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Golden Mean ◽  
Wine Consumption ◽  
Christian Theologian ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Titus Flavius Clemens was a philosopher and Christian theologian from the period of the 2nd–3th century. The aim of this paper is to present his view on the subject of wine and his recommendations on wine consumption as described in his work entitled Paedagogus. In this work Titus Flavius Clemens focuses primarily on the moral side of drinking wine. He is a great supporter of the ancient principle of moderation, or the golden mean (μεσότης). We also find its traces in his recommendations regarding the drinking of wine. First of all, he does not require Christians to be abstinent. Although he considers water as the best natural beverage to satisfy thirst, he does not make them reject God’s wine. The only condition he sets, however, is to maintain moderation in drinking it. He recommends diluting wine with water, as the peaceful Greeks always did, unlike the war-loving barbarians who were more prone to drunkenness. On the other hand, Titus Flavius Clemens warns the reader against excessive dilution of wine, so that it does not turn out to be pure water. He severely criticizes drunkenness, picturesquely presenting the behavior of drunks, both men and women. Wine in moderation has, in his opinion, its advantages – social, familial and individual. It makes a person better disposed to himself or herself, kinder to friends and more gentle to family members. Wine, when consumed in moderation, may also have medicinal properties. Clemens is well aware of this fact and in his work he cites several medical opinions on the subject. Unfortunately, in Paedagogus we find little information about wine as a food product / as an everyday bevarage. The input on the subject is limited to the list of exclusive, imported wines. What is worth noting, Titus Flavius Clemens appears to be a sommelier in this way.

Elucidating the Phytochemical and Pharmacological Potential of Myristica fragrans (Nutmeg)

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ena Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Acceptable Daily Intake ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
Cns Effects

Myristica fragrans or nutmeg is a ground spice of the family Myristicaceae. Its tree has dark leaves mainly cultivated in Grenada, Malaysia, and Kerala. It is majorly a source of two spices derived from its fruit: nutmeg (jaiphal) from its seed and mace (javitri) from the covering of seed. The important bioactive constituents present in nutmeg include macelignan, carvacrol, myristicin, β-caryophyllene, β-pinene, α-pinene, p-cymene, and eugenol. Low doses of nutmeg do not cause any side effects whereas after consuming 5g toxic overdose occurs, and central nervous system (CNS) effects were induced after consuming 1 to 2 mg/kg b.wt. of nutmeg. Various therapeutic or medicinal applications were shown by nutmeg such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, aphrodisiac, anticancer, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, and cardioprotective activity. This review chapter focuses on ethnobotany, phytochemistry, acceptable daily intake, and different pharmacological actions of this medicinal plant.

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