scholarly journals Status of Rice False Smut Disease in Natore District of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
MM Sarker ◽  
AHMM Haque ◽  
B Nessa ◽  
MU Salam ◽  
MM Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Rice False Smut ◽  
Fungicide Application ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
False Smut ◽  
Foliar Fungicide

Rice false smut has become an emerging disease across the world. Its incidence has become serious in Bangladesh during T. Aman season in the last five years. However, the status of the disease in farmer’s field has not been estimated in this country. This study included a survey of 90 fields in four unions of Natore district during ripening stage of T. Aman rice of 2015 in order to estimate the disease incidence, number of smut balls per infected panicle and yield loss, and to ascertain effectiveness of farmer’s unregistered foliar fungicide application. The results show that across the fields, disease incidence, number of smut balls per infected panicle and yield loss were 8.06±2.02%, 2.88±0.17 and 0.72±0.18% (± is 95% confidence interval), respectively. Disease incidence (18.71±5.18%), number of smut balls per infected panicle (3.51±0.39) and yield loss (1.75±0.38%) was the highest in Ramananda Khajura union compared to the other three unions surveyed. Among the varieties, BRRI dhan49 incurred the highest disease incidence (18.71±5.18%). The number of smut balls per infected panicle (3.51±0.39) and yield loss (1.75±0.38%) were also the highest in this variety. The crops which flowered during mid October to early November showed significantly higher disease incidence than early flowering crops. Application of unregistered foliar fungicides tended to have reduced the disease, but did not show significant difference with ‘no fungicide application’. It is concluded that the strategic management of the disease may be directed to the specific areas of the fields where there is a history of the disease through manipulating genotypes and transplanting time. Farmers should be cautious on adopting chemical option as there is no registered fungicide yet in Bangladesh for tactical management of the disease.Bangladesh Rice j. 2016, 20(2): 31-37

scholarly journals Reorientasi Gerakan Feminisme Islam; Sebuah Upaya Membangun Kesetaraan Perempuan

FIKROTUNA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ABD WARITS
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Arbitrary Action

In the history of women's life, the woman has never cracked from the wild cry of helplessness. Woman always become victim of men’s egoism, marginalized, hurt, unfettered, fooled and never appreciated the presence and role. This situation troubles many intellectual Muslims who have perspective that Islam teaches equality, equality for all human beings in the world. The difference in skin color, race, tribe and nation, as well as gender does not cause them to get the status of the different rights and obligations. The potential and the right to life of every human being and the obligation to serve the Lord Almighty is the same. Indeed, all human beings, as caliph in the world, have the same obligation, namely to prosperity of life in the world. No one is allowed to act arbitrarily, destroying, or hurt among others. They are required to live side by side, united, and harmonious, help each other and respect each other. However, that "demand" never becomes a reality. The differences among human identities become a barrier and the cause of divisions. For them, those who are outside environment, different identities are "others" who rightly do not need them "know". The difference of identity has become a reason to allow "hurt" each other. Several intellectual Muslims who recognize the wrong (discrimination against women), and then they attempt to formulate a movement for women's liberation. All the efforts have been done on the basis of awareness that arbitrary action by any person can never be justified. They also realize, that the backwardness of women are "stumbling block" that will lead to the resignation of a civilization. However, this struggle found a lot of challenges; including the consideration of "insubordination" to conquer the power of men, despite it had done by using many strategies. Starting from the writing of scientific book and countless fiction themed women has been published in order to give awareness of equality between men and women. This paper seeks to reexamine the process of the empowerment struggle to give a brand new concept, so that the struggle of women empowerment is not as insubordination and curiosity process in an attempt to conquer the male. Through approach of literature review and observations on the relationship between men and women, the writer finally concluded that the movement of Islamic feminism is not a movement to seize the power of men, but an attempt to liberate women from oppression so that they get the rights of their social role, giving freedom for women to pursue a career as wide as possible like a man, without forgetting a main duty as a mother: to conceive, give birth and breastfeed their children.

scholarly journals New perspectives on the evolution of the genus Typhlatya (Crustacea, Decapoda): first record of a cavernicolous atyid in the Iberian Peninsula, Typhlatya miravetensis n. sp.

1995 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-99
Author(s):  
Sebastián Sanz ◽  
Dirk Platvoet
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
First Record ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
World Distribution ◽  
A New Species

On several occasions, shrimps belonging to a new species of the genus Typhlatya were collected in a cave in the province of Castellón, Spain. This is the first record of the genus in the Iberian Peninsula. The species is described and the validity, distribution, and zoogeography of the genus, as well as the status of the genus Spelaeocaris, are discussed. Former models for the evolution of the genus Typhlatya and its genus group are reviewed, as well as the system of inner classification of the Atyidae and its biogeographical meaning. For the age and evolution of the genus we developed a new model based on vicariance principles that involves further evolution of each species after the disruption of the ancestral range. This allows new estimations for the age of the genus. Accordingly, we suppose that other proposals, such as recent dispersal through the sea, should be disregarded for this genus. The evolutionary development of this species is discussed in the context of the geological history of the area and the world distribution of the genus, the genus group, and the family.

Researching World Englishes in HEL Courses

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Percy
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
American English ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
World Englishes ◽  
Literary Analysis ◽  
Online Newspapers ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Final Essay

This chapter describes assignments used to teach the History of the English Language (HEL) and its contemporary counterpart the English Language in the World. In both of these courses, linguistic concepts can be linked to literary analysis, which helps students learn how to analyze code-switching and/or style-shifting in the context of a literary argument. For discovering and interpreting issues about the status and use of English around the world, students have a number of options. For example, after reading specific articles about slang generally and analyzing examples chosen in class, some students choose to write a final essay on slang or jargon used within online newspapers or films that represent different World Englishes (e.g., in Nigerian “Nollywood” films). Thus, World Englishes become realer for students rather than exotic abstractions or curious variants of English or American English.

scholarly journals Philosophical and ideological views of Abai: historical and philosophical aspect

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
D. Syzdykovа ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Philosophical Methodology ◽  
Moral Code ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
History Of

The authors attempt to consider the philosophical and ideological ideas of the great thinker and humanist Abay Kunanbayev. The analysis of Abay Kunanbayev's work has shown that there are poorly developed aspects, however, without claiming to cover all aspects of the problem comprehensively, the authors made an attempt to study the nature and essence of Abay's philosophical and ideological views in the work "Words of Edification" based on the material of Abay Kunanbayev's work "Words of Edification". The authors focused on the analysis of the philosophical content of the work "Words of Edification". The article uses a philosophical methodology that corresponds to the current level of spiritual and scientific- theoretical culture. The authors implemented scientific methods such as the ascent from the abstract to the concrete, the principle of concrete historicism (the unity of historical and logical). Concrete historicism, exploring the history of the subject, considers the logic of the historically developing subject (process), this principle contributes to the active reflection of the historical process. Historicism traces and reproduces the essence of the historical process from the point of view of its formation and development in the system of concepts. Abay's creativity occupies a special place in the world culture, he raised spiritual culture to a new level, gave new examples of reflection of the Kazakh reality. Abai justified a new worldview, new thinking, new values, which are fundamentally different from everything that was in the traditional culture of the Kazakhs. In the work "Words of Edification", the object of criticism is the traditional Kazakh society. Criticism has a constructive character, as a result of which universal problems, ideas of kindness, humanity, compassion, mercy, freedom and responsibility are raised. Abai forms a new approach to the concept of labor. The great thinker showed the role of work in the formation and development of a person, personality, that through work and activity it is possible to comprehend knowledge, science. Abay expressed a new approach to religion, he contrasted blind faith with a reasonable study of Islam, when they accept Iman not only as something sacred, but also know how to protect and strengthen it with reasonable arguments. Abay developed a new ideal of a perfect, true person, "tolyk adam", who strives for knowledge, is a moral person, recognizes freedom of choice and responsibility. The moral code of the great humanist is "Adam Bol". Abay, determining the status of a person in the world, notes that a person's mind, erudition, honor and charm make him beautiful and strong, he focuses on spirituality, knowledge, education and culture.

scholarly journals THE PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE OF THE CAMBRIDGE LAW JOURNAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (S1) ◽  
pp. S8-S32
Author(s):  
Lionel Bently
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
The Past ◽  
Introductory Essay ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Two Stages

This introductory essay reviews the history of the Journal, divided into two stages: the period from 1921 to 1953; and that from 1954 to today. It examines the changing institutional arrangements, personnel, as well as some of the highlights in the content of the Journal. If there is a theme, it is that the Journal was established by and developed its reputation because of the efforts of many of the outstanding scholars at Cambridge who over the decades offered the outputs of their talents to the Journal; and that the Journal has used that reputation more and more to attract the scholars outside Cambridge – indeed from all over the world. Whatever the aims of those who established the Cambridge Law Journal in 1921, and without much self-consciousness, the Journal incrementally acquired the status and practices of a learned journal. Finally, the essay reflects on the future, in particular the challenges of digitisation, open access and inclusivity.

scholarly journals Global Middle Ages ou as virtudes do anacronismo. A lição do texto medieval

2019 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
pp. 117-149
Author(s):  
Carlos Carreto
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Medieval Literature ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Literature Mapping ◽  
History Of Literature

Has the Middle Ages invented globalization or revealed a clear consciousness of globality? On the other hand, may this anachronistic notion prove to be an appropriate and productive operative and analytical concept for rethinking medieval literature beyond its territorial and linguistic boundaries and the epistemological view of the world imposed by a (neo)positivist conception of the history of literature? Mapping the medieval literature in a global perspective implies a methodological repositioning and a process of deterritorialization of the concepts themselves that leads us to reinvest motives, forms, structuring notions (from the chivalric queste to the concept of romance as translatio, passing through the status of the marvelous) with new meanings and, consequently, new cultural and poetic implications.

scholarly journals FLYER: A Simple Yet Robust Model for Estimating Yield Loss from Rice False Smut Disease (Ustilaginoidea virens)

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bodrun Nessa ◽  
Moin U. Salam ◽  
A.H.M. Mahfuzul Haque ◽  
Jiban K. Biswas ◽  
William J. MacLeod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Ustilaginoidea Virens ◽  
Rice False Smut ◽  
Robust Model ◽  
False Smut

High-resolution mapping of the quantitative trait locus (QTLs) conferring resistance to false smut disease in rice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
kumari neelam ◽  
Kishor Kumar ◽  
Amandeep Kaur ◽  
Amit Kishore ◽  
Pavneet Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Chromosome 9 ◽  
Phenotypic Effect ◽  
Ustilaginoidea Virens ◽  
Rice False Smut ◽  
Rice Chromosomes ◽  
False Smut

Abstract Decoding the genetic mechanisms underlying disease resistance is of great importance for crop improvement. Rice false smut (RFS) is a major fungal disease caused by Ustilaginoidea virens that hampers the grain quality and yield of rice worldwide. It causes 2.8-49% global yield loss depending upon disease severity and varieties grown. In India, the severity of yield loss ranged from 2-75%. Keeping the economic importance of this disease, identification of the genes/QTLs governing disease resistance is of prime importance for the development of the linked markers and cloning of the genes. Here, we report mapping of QTLs using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between resistant line, RYT2668, and a highly susceptible variety, PR116. The population was evaluated for rice false smut disease under field conditions for three cropping seasons 2013, 2015, and 2016. A total of seven QTLs were mapped on rice chromosomes 2, 4, 5, 7, and 9 of rice using 2326 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Among them, a novel QTL qRFSr9.1 affecting total smut ball (TSB)/panicle on chromosome 9 exhibited the largest phenotypic effect. The prediction of putative candidate genes within the qRFSr9.1 spanned in 994.1Kb revealed four NBS-LRR domain-containing disease resistance proteins. We identified SNPs/Indels associated with the disease resistance which could be used for accelerating breeding programs using marker-assisted selection. In summary, our findings mark the ‘hot-spot’ region on rice chromosomes along with the identification of disease resistance genes in conferring resistance to the rice false smut disease.

Screening and management of false smut disease in rice-A review

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bharani Deepan ◽  
N. Tanuja ◽  
K. S. Kavanashree ◽  
A. Ramanathan
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Ustilaginoidea Virens ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
The World ◽  
False Smut ◽  
Heavy Application

False smut of rice caused by Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke), increasing concern in majority of rice growing areas around the world as epidemics have been reported lately. The fungus completely converts the grains into spore balls, unfit for consumption and seed production. With the increase in disease, yield loss and disease severity is accentuating. The QTLs responsible for the false smut resistance to be identified and consistent inheritability of these QTLs have to be evaluated using marker assisted selection. Due to heavy application of nitrogenous fertilizers the disease aggravates, proper management strategies needed to be framed to control the false smut disease. Progress in achieving the resistance varieties and management of false smut needs more emphasis. This review summarizes the present status in the screening of resistant varieties and management of false smut in rice.

‘I thought it was a very punk rock thing to say’: NOFX’s (sort-of) public apology and (in)civility in defining contemporary punk rock in online spaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen M. Bernhard
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Punk Rock ◽  
Music Festival ◽  
United States Today ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Online Spaces ◽  
Mass Shooting ◽  
History Of

As a music genre built on the foundations of questioning the status quo, punk rock has a long history of generating controversy. While many of punk rock’s offensive moments have been accepted and applauded by fans around the world, NOFX’s comments at the 2018 Punk Rock Bowling and Music Festival about the 2017 Las Vegas mass shooting were met with immediate consequences for the band, who lost several sponsorships and the ability to play their own Camp Punk in Drublic music festival one week following the incident. After footage of the band’s comments circulated, they were met with a mixed, yet heated, response from fans, with much of the conversation arguing whether or not what was said could be considered ‘punk’. Some argued these comments further solidified the band’s reputation as a punk band and are therefore imbued with an inherent right to offend, while others believed these comments were unethical, poorly timed, and pushed the boundaries of appropriateness. Through the analysis of 381 comments in response to the band’s 31 May 2018 post on their official Facebook page, this article investigates the uncivil and civil discussions of the incident and the subsequent aftermath, while also addressing the broader conversation surrounding the current ethos of punk rock within the scene in the United States today.

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