scholarly journals Increasing Rice Yield through Targeting Genetic Potentials by Rice Types

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-82
Author(s):  
SMHA Rabbi ◽  
PL Biswas ◽  
ESMH Rashid ◽  
KM Iftekharuddaula ◽  
NMF Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Selection Marker ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Target Yield ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Genetic Interventions

Bangladesh needs an average rough rice yield of 9.11 t ha-1 by 2050 which can not be achieved equally across all the geographic regions since the country has various ‘rice types’ with varying yield potentials. This paper focuses on strategic innovations for reaching the yield target by refining rice types. Based on rice ecosystems and the pressing needs, we divided rice areas of Bangladesh in 17 different types. We estimated year-wise land areas and allocated achievable yield targets for each of the rice types. Finally, we compared the target yields and the yields of top-yielding rice varieties in Bangladesh by 2020 across the rice types to understand the current status of our varietal improvement programmes. We sorted out how much improvement is needed in each rice types. Among the rice types, cold-tolerant (Northern and Western) was sorted out as the most potential area of rice yield improvement where rice varieties will be released having a yield advantage of 4.04 t ha-1 by 2050. The chronology of next priority areas for high yielding variety development and their target yield advantages in t ha-1 are saline Boro (4.03), Favourable Boro (long duration) (4), cold-tolerant (Haor) (3.83), tidal submergence (3.8), Healthier rice (Boro) (3.58), Favourable Boro (short duration) (3.33), Healthier rice (Aman) (3.3), Favourable Aman (3.23), Flash flood (3.09), upland rice (2.89), Saline Aman (2.8), Healthier rice (Aus) (2.53), Premium quality rice (2.53), drought (2.38), T. Aus (2.05) and deepwater. Combined genetic interventions like population improvement through cyclic breeding, genomic selection, marker-assisted selection, genome editing, genetic transformation, germplasm utilization through genome-wide association study and phenomics, and development of super hybrid rice are being used in the country to attain yield target for different rice types. Bangladesh Rice J. 24 (2): 67-82, 2021

Effect of weather on grain yield of direct seeded upland rice varieties in Jharkhand, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pragyan Kumari ◽  
P. Vijay Kumar ◽  
Ramesh Kumar ◽  
A. Wadood ◽  
Deepak Anuranjan Tirkey
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rainfed Rice ◽  
Sunshine Hours ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Average Minimum Temperature

The study was conducted at Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi during the years 2009-2013 for understanding the effect of weather variables on the yield of three direct seeded upland rainfed rice varieties viz., Vandana, BVD-109 and BVD-111 in Jharkhand. Correlation and regression methods were used to estimate the impacts of weather on rice yield. Study indicated that temperature, rainfall and sunshine hours have significant effect on the rice yield. Average minimum temperature during sowing to vegetative stage in cv. Vandana and during flowering in BVD-109 and BVD-111 showed significant negative relationship with yield. Rainfall during vegetative and grain filling stage are significantly and positively related with grain yield in all the three rice varieties. The effect of sunshine hours on grain yield of rice was comparatively higher at milk stage than the other phenological stages in all three varieties. However, the effect of sunshine hours on yield is significant during the milk stage in Vandana and BVD-111 only. Multiple regressions using critical weather parameters in critical stages of the three varieties could explain the variability in yield of Vandana, BVD-109 and BVD-111 by 92, 74 and 91 percent, respectively.

scholarly journals Responses of Upland NERICA Rice to Fertiliser Application and Fallow Management in Different Agro-Ecological Zones of Benin Republic

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (27) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Omonlola Nadine Worou ◽  
Thomas Gaiser ◽  
Mouinou Attanda Igué ◽  
Charlemagne Gbemavo ◽  
Brice Augustin Sinsin
Keyword(s):  
Rice Yield ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Mineral Fertiliser ◽  
Effects Of Rotation ◽  
Fertiliser Application ◽  
Benin Republic

Recent findings reported that introduction of legumes as an intercrop or in rotation to minimize external inputs can reverse the declining of soil fertility in upland rice agrosystem and so improve the productive capacity of farms. The objectives of the study were to assess (1) the effects of rotation of upland rice with other crops, of fertiliser application and of rice varieties on rice yield and (2) the interaction effects of rotation, fertiliser application and variety on rice production. An experiment was carried out from 2011 to 2012 in 2 zones in Benin Republic, West Africa. Three rice rotation treatments were established where in the year preceding rice cropping the following pre-crops were grown: (1) natural fallow regrowth (2) sole cowpea crop and (3) cowpea/maize intercrop. The following year, 3 NERICA varieties were cultivated in the three pre-crop treatments with and without fertiliser application. With respect to combined effect of NP mineral fertiliser and rotation, a consistent increase in rice yield over all varieties was only observed with maize-cowpea intercrop preceding rice in the Guinean zone. Improved fallow with cowpea combined with fertiliser was beneficial for NERICA 2 and NERICA 4 in the Sudano –Guinean zone and with NERICA 1 and NERICA 4 in the Guinean zone. Rice in rotation with maize-cowpea intercrop and in combination with NP mineral fertiliser can easily fit into the current smallholder farming systems under rain-fed conditions in the Guinean zone, but is not recommendable for the Sudano- Guinean zone.

scholarly journals Cold Injury and Flash Flood Damage in Boro Rice Cultivation in Bangladesh: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Rashid ◽  
R Yasmeen
Keyword(s):  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Cold Injury ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Boro Rice

Increasing population with decreasing resources and increasing climate vulnerability appeared as the great challenges to sustain food security of Bangladesh. Cold stress adversely affects growth and productivity of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Systematic studies have been carried out to improve understanding on rice cold tolerance. Two adverse conditions, such as low temperature stress at reproductive stages and flash flood at maturity affect the Boro rice in the haor areas of Bangladesh. Any deviation of these two phenomena is enough to cause disaster in haor areas. Here, we summarized different types of cold injury, rice cold injury scenario and cold tolerant rice varieties/genotypes available in different countries. Moreover, we discussed on rice cold tolerant barrier and flash flood risk in Boro rice cultivation at haor areas of Bangladesh. Based on the authors’ own research and available data, the concept of overcoming cold and flash flood damage was proposed. According to this concept there were distinguished possible ways how to improve cold tolerance and flash flood problem in Boro rice cultivation in BangladeshBangladesh Rice j. 2017, 21(1): 13-25

scholarly journals Drought tolerance in selected aerobic and upland rice varieties is driven by different metabolic and antioxidative responses

Planta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 254 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Melandri ◽  
Hamada AbdElgawad ◽  
Kristýna Floková ◽  
Diaan C. Jamar ◽  
Han Asard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Antioxidative Response ◽  
Biomass Loss ◽  
Osmotic Acclimation

Abstract Main conclusions Sugar-mediated osmotic acclimation and a strong antioxidative response reduce drought-induced biomass loss at the vegetative stage in rice. Abstract A clear understanding of the physiological and biochemical adaptations to water limitation in upland and aerobic rice can help to identify the mechanisms underlying their tolerance to low water availability. In this study, three indica rice varieties-IR64 (lowland), Apo (aerobic), and UPL Ri-7 (upland)-, that are characterized by contrasting levels of drought tolerance, were exposed to drought at the vegetative stage. Drought-induced changes in biomass, leaf metabolites and oxidative stress markers/enzyme activities were analyzed in each variety at multiple time points. The two drought-tolerant varieties, Apo and UPL Ri-7 displayed a reduced water use in contrast to the susceptible variety IR64 that displayed high water consumption and consequent strong leaf dehydration upon drought treatment. A sugar-mediated osmotic acclimation in UPL Ri-7 and a strong antioxidative response in Apo were both effective in limiting the drought-induced biomass loss in these two varieties, while biomass loss was high in IR64, also after recovery. A qualitative comparison of these results with the ones of a similar experiment conducted in the field at the reproductive stage showed that only Apo, which also in this stage showed the highest antioxidant power, was able to maintain a stable grain yield under stress. Our results show that different metabolic and antioxidant adaptations confer drought tolerance to aerobic and upland rice varieties in the vegetative stage. The effectiveness of these adaptations differs between developmental stages. Unraveling the genetic control of these mechanisms might be exploited in breeding for new rice varieties adapted to water-limited environments.

CHARACTERISTICS OF MILLING YIELD OF RICE VARIETIES OF RUSSIAN BREEDING GROWN IN VARIOUS CONDITIONS OF NITROGEN NUTRITION IN THE ABINSKIY DISTRICT OF THE KRASNODAR REGION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.Y. Papulova ◽  
◽  
K.K Olkhovaya
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Milling Yield ◽  
Different Doses

The work shows that application of increased doses of nitrogen does not significantly affect the total milling yield and affects the head rice content. The ambiguous nature of the variability of the grain quality of rice varieties under conditions of different doses of nitrogen fertilizers confirms the need for further studies of the varietal reaction to the level of nitrogen nutrition, based on it - the development of rice cultivation technology modes in order to obtain rice yield with high grain quality.

scholarly journals Genotype selection and addition of fertilizer increases grain yield in upland rice in Suriname

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Stephan NASCENTE ◽  
Ruby KROMOCARDI
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT The upland rice farmers in Suriname use local varieties and low level technologies in the field. As a result, the upland rice grain yield is low, at about 1 000 kg ha-1. Our objective was to evaluate the use of upland rice cultivars from Suriname and Brazil, and the effect of nitrogen, N, phosphorus, P, and potassium, K, fertilizers on cultivation variables. We undertook four field trials in the Victoria Area, in the Brokopondo District, using a randomized block design each with four replications. The most productive rice varieties were BRS Esmeralda (grain yield 2 903 kg ha-1) and BRS Sertaneja (2 802 kg ha-1). The highest grain yield of 2 620 kg ha-1 was achieved with a top dressing application of 76.41 kg N ha-1 20 days after sowing. For P, the highest grain yield of 3 085 kg ha-1 was achieved with application of 98.06 kg ha-1 P2O5 applied at sowing. An application rate of 31.45 kg ha-1 of K2O at sowing achieved the highest grain yield of 2 952 kg ha-1. Together, these application rates of N, P and K resulted in rice grain yield of about 3 000 kg ha-1, which is three times greater than the national average for upland rice. We demonstrate that the use of improved rice varieties matched to the local conditions, and application of appropriate fertilizers, are management practices that can result in significant increases in rice grain yield in Suriname.

scholarly journals Upland rice yield as affected by Brachiaria coverage management

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano S. Nascente ◽  
Luís F. Stone ◽  
Cleber M. Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
Tillage System

An important point in no-tillage system is the time between cover crop glyphosate desiccation and rice sowing. This study aimed to verify the effect of Brachiaria ruziziensis management time before rice sowing on rice yield and its components. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions and consisted of four types of B. ruziziensis management: with Brachiaria and with herbicide (WBWH), without Brachiaria shoots and with herbicide (NBWH), without Brachiaria shoots and without herbicide (NBNH), and with Brachiaria and without herbicide (WBNH), at four times: 30, 20, 10, and 0 days, preceding the rice sowing. The amount of B. ruziziensis dry matter increased as the management was done closer to the rice sowing date. The WBWH and WBNH managements (this one causes the lowest rice grain yield) must be done 30 days before rice sowing; while NBWH management must be done ten or more days before rice sowing. On the other hand, NBNH management (this one favors the best rice grain yield) can be done until rice sowing day. Despite some reduction in rice yield caused by the B. ruziziensis management, when it was done at the proper time the rice grain yield was similar to the control (without Brachiaria sowing and without herbicide application).

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE BREEDING OF RICE VARIETIES RESISTANT TO STRIPE DISEASE : II. Genetic Study on Resistance to Stripe Disease in Japanese Upland Rice

1968 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Washio ◽  
kunio Toriyama ◽  
Akinori Ezuka ◽  
Yoshiro Sakurai
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Study ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties

scholarly journals Evaluation of Short Duration Drought Tolerant Rice Varieties in Drought Prone Areas of Subarnapur District of Odisha

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
S. Pradhan ◽  
F. H. Rahman ◽  
S. Sethy ◽  
G. Pradhan ◽  
J. Sen
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sowing Seed

A study was conducted in farmer’s field through technology demonstrations during Kharif season of 2018 and 2019 in Subarnapur district of Odisha to recommend the most suited short duration drought tolerant upland rice variety particular to the locality. Six different varieties like Sahabhagi dhan, Mandakini, Jogesh, DRR-44, and DRR-42 & Khandagiri were taken with four replications in Randomized Block Design in both years. Technology demonstration included not only the improved short duration varieties, but also a package of good agronomic practices viz. line sowing, seed treatment with Bavistin, proper fertilization with dose @ 80:40:40 NPK/ha, pre emergence herbicide application with pretilachlor, needful manual weeding and  need based plant protection chemicals. The results of demonstration showed that farmers could increase rice productivity notably by adopting improved variety Sahabhagi dhan and DRR-44. These varieties recorded higher grain yields of 64% and 46%, respectively, and fetched a sum return of Rs 25620 and Rs 25275 over farmers’ local variety Khandagiri.

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