scholarly journals Physicochemical Characteristics and HPLC Determination of Alpha-Tocopherol in Eighteen Edible Vegetable Oils Marketed in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Olufunmilayo Ebunoluwa Adejumo ◽  
Elizabeth Ayodele Popoola ◽  
Oluyemisi Adebowale Bamiro ◽  
John Olabanji Daodu ◽  
Olatunde James Olaitan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Significant Difference

Eighteen brands of vegetable oils available in the local market were extracted with n-hexane before analysis for alpha-tocopherol by RP-HPLC method. The chromatographic separation occurred isocratically with methanol-water [96:4%v/v] at 0.9 ml/min flow rate. Tocopheryl acetate was the internal standard and alpha-tocopherol was eluted at 7.87 min. Free fatty acids value [FFAVs], peroxide value [PV], iodine value [IV] and saponification values [SV] were determined as quality parameters. Calibration curve was linear [r2 0.9969] and the method was precise with relative standard deviation of 0.35% and mean recovery, 87.39%. Alpha-tocopherol concentration ranged from 0-9.22 mg/100g with the highest in Tropical sunflower oil [9.22 mg/100g] and the lowest [1.16 mg/100g] in Laziz oil. Alpha-tocopherol was not detected in unbranded, local palm oil. The calculated percentage daily value [% DV] of vitamin E ranged from 0- 8.60%. Significant difference [p<0.05] between % DV and recommended dietary allowance [RDA] of vitamin E was observed. FFAs and PV ranged from 0.11-0.74% and 0.99-11.55 meq/kg while IV and SV ranged from 26.71-37.03 g/100g and 4.14-43.68 mg KOH/g, respectively. Seventeen samples [94%] were found to be within the acceptable limits while one [6%], failed for both quality parameters and α-tocopherol test. Strict regulatory control is advocated for these oils to safeguard the public health. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 20(1): 49-57, 2021 (June)

scholarly journals Development, Optimization, and Comparison of Different Sample Pre-Treatments for Simultaneous Determination of Vitamin E and Vitamin K in Vegetables

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2509
Author(s):  
Antonella Aresta ◽  
Gualtiero Milani ◽  
Maria Lisa Clodoveo ◽  
Carlo Franchini ◽  
Pietro Cotugno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Target Analytes

The absence of vitamin E from the diet can lead to cardiovascular disease, cancer, cataracts, and premature aging. Vitamin K deficiency can lead to bleeding disorders. These fat-soluble vitamins are important nutritional factors that can be determined in different methods in vegetables. In this work, the simultaneous determination of α-tocopherol, α-tocopheryl acetate, phylloquinone, and menaquinone-4 by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has been optimized using both direct injection and solid phase microextraction (SPME). Three different sample pre-treatment approaches based on: (A) solid–liquid–liquid–liquid extraction (SLE–LLE), (B) SLE, and (C) SPME were then applied to extract the target analytes from vegetables samples using menaquinone as internal standard. All the procedures allowed the determination of the target analytes in onion, carrot, celery, and curly kale samples. Similar results were obtained with the three different approaches, even if the one based on SPME offers the best performance, together with a reduced use of solvent, time consumption, and experimental complexity, which makes it the preferable option for industrial applications.

Relative Bioavailabilities of Natural and Synthetic Vitamin E Formulations Containing Mixed Tocopherols in Human Subjects

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chopra ◽  
Bhagavan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Gamma Tocopherol ◽  
Synthetic Vitamin ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

There are several reports in the literature on the relative bioavailabilities of RRR (natural) vs. all-rac (synthetic) forms of vitamin E in humans and animal models but none on the bioavailability of alpha-tocopherol in mixed vitamin E formulations. In the present study we examined the bioavailability of alpha-tocopherol in a typical commercially available product containing mixed tocopherols. We also tested a formulation containing all-rac-alpha-tocopherol with mixed tocopherols for purposes of comparison along with straight RRR-and all-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate as reference products. Normal male subjects were given one of the four formulations of vitamin E (800 IU per day in softgel capsule form for 10 days): 1. All-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate, 2. RRR-alpha-tocopheryl acetate, 3. RRR-alpha-tocopherol with mixed tocopherols, and 4. all-rac-alpha-tocopherol with mixed tocopherols. Both serum alpha- and gamma-tocopherols were determined by HPLC at baseline, and at days 2, 4, 7 and 10. The values for alpha- at baseline and 10 days were 0.80, 0.80, 0.80 & 0.79 mg/dl and 1.67, 1.72, 1.76 & 1.62 mg/dl. The values for gamma- were 0.28, 0.29, 0.30 & 0.29 mg/dl and 0.11, 0.08, 0.10 & 0.10 mg/dl. Thus the data show that a) the bioavailability of RRR-and all-rac-alpha-tocopherols is not affected by other tocopherols, and b) both RRR-and all-rac-alpha-tocopherol (free or esterified) significantly suppress the serum gamma tocopherol to the same extent. Furthermore, since there was no difference in the serum values of alpha-tocopherol between RRR-and all-rac-vitamin E given the same dose as IUs, the data also support the currently accepted ratio of 1.36 for the biopotency of RRR- vs. all-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate.

Determination of vitamin E in microsamples of serum by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 880-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
P P Chou ◽  
P K Jaynes ◽  
J L Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Electrochemical Detection ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Tocopherol Concentration ◽  
Minimum Concentration

Abstract In this procedure for determination of vitamin E by "high-performance" liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection, 25-microL serum specimens are deproteinized with ethanol. Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol), its derivatives (beta- and gamma-tocopherols), and the internal standard (delta-tocopherol) are extracted into heptane and the extract is evaporated and the residue reconstituted with methanol before injection into the chromatograph. Within- and between-run CVs for an alpha-tocopherol concentration of 13.6 mg/L were 5.1% (n = 28) and 6.0% (n = 5), respectively. The standard curve is linear to 100 mg/L; the minimum concentration detectable is 0.1 mg/L. Analytical recovery ranged from 99.8% to 104.8%. In 36 specimens collected from apparently healthy subjects who were not taking vitamin supplements, alpha-tocopherol as determined by this method ranged from 4.3 to 9.7 mg/L, from 1.8 to 3.9 mg/L for beta- and gamma-tocopherols. Results by this method (y) and an HPLC-ultraviolet method (x) correlate reasonably (r = 0.81): y = 0.88x - 0.55 mg/L (n = 45). This procedure is adaptable to automated analysis, and the small sample requirement facilitates its applicability to neonates.

scholarly journals Serum Metabolomic Response to Long-Term Supplementation withall-rac-α-Tocopheryl Acetate in a Randomized Controlled Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison M. Mondul ◽  
Steven C. Moore ◽  
Stephanie J. Weinstein ◽  
Anne M. Evans ◽  
Edward D. Karoly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Metabolite Level ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Atbc Study

Background. The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study, a randomized controlled cancer prevention trial, showed a 32% reduction in prostate cancer incidence in response to vitamin E supplementation. Two other trials were not confirmatory, however.Objective. We compared the change in serum metabolome of the ATBC Study participants randomized to receive vitamin E to those who were not by randomly selecting 50 men from each of the intervention groups (50 mg/day all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate (ATA), 20 mg/dayβ-carotene, both, placebo).Methods. Metabolomic profiling was conducted on baseline and follow-up fasting serum (Metabolon, Inc.).Results. After correction for multiple comparisons, five metabolites were statistically significantly altered (βis the change in metabolite level expressed as number of standard deviations on the log scale):α-CEHC sulfate (β=1.51,p=1.45×10-38),α-CEHC glucuronide (β=1.41,p=1.02×10-31),α-tocopherol (β=0.97,p=2.22×10-13),γ-tocopherol (β=-0.90,p=1.76×10-11), andβ-tocopherol (β=-0.73,p=9.40×10-8). Glutarylcarnitine, beta-alanine, ornithine, and N6-acetyllysine were also decreased by ATA supplementation (βrange 0.40 to −0.36), but not statistically significantly.Conclusions. Comparison of the observed metabolite alterations resulting from ATA supplementation to those in other vitamin E trials of different populations, dosages, or formulations may shed light on the apparently discordant vitamin E-prostate cancer risk findings.

scholarly journals Effect of arginine and selenium with vitamin E in some biochemical properties of Inseminated ewes

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
I Alawiy ◽  
T Mohammed ◽  
A Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution ◽  
And Control

The study was conducted in one of the fields of the private sector within Basaaer the village of the district of Hit / Anbar at 180 km west of Baghdad, during the period from 17/4/2018 to 30/5/2018. 28 ewes with an age of 2-4 years with a weight of 40-50 kg with at least one birth. All ewes were tested using ultrasonography to ensure that they were free of pregnancy before the start of the experiment. Synchronization of estrus with intravaginal sponges was achieved in ewes, and inseminated with rams at the end of the hormonal program. The rams remained with the females for five days. The ewes were randomly divided into four equal groups (7 ewes in each group). The first group were injected with 160 micro mol / kg body weight and from the fifth day of the inseminated until day 20 of pregnancy The second group was treated by injecting selenium plus vitamin E with (2 ml/head α-Tocopheryl Acetate 68mg/ml Selenium 1.5mg/ml) intramuscular. The first dose was given on day 5 and the second one on day 19 of insemination the early at pregnancy. The third group were injected the arginine with the selenium plus vitamin E emulsion, The fourth group was injected with a physiological saline solution and considered as control group. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein prior to treatment on day 4 of the insemination as well as on days 10, 15, and 18, to measure the changes in the chemical properties at the early of pregnancy. The results of the study showed a significant difference (P≤0.05) between the treatments and control groups. The results showed a decrease in the concentration of urea and ALT enzyme as compared with the first group and control. The present study did not show a significant differences at early of pregnancy in the concentration of cholesterol, total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, and AST enzyme at the early of pregnancy for ewes. The results also showed a significant difference (P≤0.05) between the different withdrawal periods within the same treatment in the control and other groups the concentration of ALT enzyme, and total protein. It can be concluded from this study that the use of arginine and selenium with vitamin E improves maternal health by reducing the level of urea and ALT enzyme and maintaining pregnancy after insemination.

RESPONSE TO INJECTABLE SELENIUM AND VITAMIN E ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF SOWS RECEIVING A STANDARD COMMERCIAL DIET

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1065-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. CHAVEZ ◽  
K. L. PATTON
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Significant Difference

Thirty-one purebred Landrace sows were allocated to one of three experimental groups to determine the nutritional significance of parenteral injection of 3 mg selenium (Se) plus 408 IU of vitamin E as d-alpha-tocopherol. The three treatment groups consisted of (1) a control (no injection); (2) supplementation at 30, 60 and 100 d of gestation; and (3) supplementation at weaning of previous litter or approximately 1 wk prior to artificial insemination (AI) and at 30, 60 and 100 d of gestation. All sows were fed 2.5 kg d−1 (0.1 ppm Se and 15 IU vitamin E kg−1 diet) during gestation and ad libitum during a lactation period of 3 wk. Treatment did not affect (P > 0.05) weight changes of sows. The blood Se and vitamin A levels were not affected by treatment. Plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was kept within a narrow range except at 100 d of gestation when activity was significantly different for treatment 2 versus the control. Vitamin E levels of plasma were significantly (P < 0.05) lower for the control at 60 and 100 d gestation. The Se, vitamin A and vitamin E content of colostrum and milk were not affected by treatment except for treatment 2 having a higher colostrum Se level than the control. In all treatment groups the Se content was significantly greater in the colostrum than in the milk. Litter size, total litter weight at birth and litter size at weaning were significantly greater (P < 0.05) when Se and vitamin E were supplemented. Although overall litter weight at weaning was not significantly different, litters from parity groups 2 of treatments 2 and 3 were significantly heavier at weaning than the control litters. Mortality was lower (P < 0.05) for the supplemented treatments at birth versus the control (1.7% and 3.8% vs. 9.6%). No significant difference was observed from birth to weaning (20.0% and 17.4% and 15.3%). Although the Se, vitamin A and vitamin E contents of the blood from piglets were not significantly different among treatments, GSH-Px activity in the plasma from piglets in the control group was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than from piglets from sows receiving treatment 3. Key words: Selenium, vitamin E, supplementation, sows, reproductive performance

Effects of Intramuscular Injection of alpha-Tocopheryl Acetate on Fatty Acid Profile in Lamb Liver

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 378-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oriani ◽  
Salvatori ◽  
Maiorano ◽  
Manchisi ◽  
Brienza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Tocopherol Content ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Lipids

The effects of intramuscularly administrated vitamin E on total lipids, fatty acid profile, and lipid stability to oxidation was investigated in lamb liver. Twenty-four 5-day-old lambs were allotted to 4 groups of 6 each and given respectively 0 (control), 125, 200, 300 mg dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate weekly from day 5 to 33. alpha-Tocopherol stored in lamb liver at the end of experiment showed linear correlation with the level of injected vitamin E. No effect on total lipids was found. A decrease in the level of liver thiobarbituric-acid reactive substances (TBARS), significantly correlated with liver alpha-tocopherol content, was found in vitamin E groups. The amount of linoleic and linolenic acids significantly increased in the vitamin E groups as compared to control group, and were correlated with the liver alpha-tocopherol content. TBARS were negatively correlated with the concentration of unsaturated fatty acids. Finally, in the liver of the treated groups, vitamin E concentrations in the range 30–50 mug/g showed adequate for an efficient protection from peroxidation of membrane lipids, and determined an increase in the unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio.

scholarly journals The study of fillet proximate composition, growth performance and survival rate of striped catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) fed with diets containing different amounts of alpha-tocopherol (Vitamin-E)

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syeda Mushahida Al-Noor ◽  
Md Delwer Hossain ◽  
Md Amirul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Fish Fillet ◽  
Striped Catfish

Context: Alpha-tocopherol has significant effect on the growth performance and fillet proximate composition of Striped Catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus). Objectives: To study the effect of DL-alpha tocopheryl acetate on the fillet proximate composition (moisture, crude protein, crude lipid, ash and alpha-tocopherol), survival rate and growth performance (SGR, weight gain, PWG) of P. hypophthalmus. Materials and methods: Striped Catfish were fed with three trial diets (diet-1, diet-2 and diet-3) were prepared by adding different amounts of alpha-tocopheryl acetate (ATA, 0, 90 and 300 mgKg-1 diet), over a period of 122 days. In each pond, 10% of the total fish were randomly selected and individually weighed once every fortnight and growth parameters were determined after each weighing. Moisture, dry matter, crude protein, lipid, ash and alpha-tocopherol of the experimental diets and fish fillet were determined by Conventional procedure, standard test method, micro-kjeldahl method, Bligh and Dyer method, standard methods and chromatographic method, respectively. Results: Fish that were fed 90 mg kg-1 and 300 mg kg-1 ATA supplemented diets had significantly higher growth performance than fish that were fed only farm processed diet (P<0.05). The fillet protein, lipid content and alpha tocopherol level of the fish flesh were increased due to ATA supplementation in diets. The vitamin-E levels in fish fillet reflected dietary ATA levels. These results showed that fish on Diets 2 (supplemented with 90 mgKg-1 ATA) and Diet 3(supplemented with 300 mg kg-1 ATA) had significantly better production and resulted better flesh quality of fish than those on Diet 1 (without ATA supplementation). Conclusion: Scanty information is available on the fillet proximate composition and growth performance of P. hypophthalmus fed with diets containing different amounts of alpha-tocopherol. The present study provides baseline information for establishing improved and profitable cultured system of the fish in impounds water of Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v20i0.17658 J. bio-sci. 20: 67-74, 2012

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