scholarly journals Antioxidant Effect of Spirulina in Long Evans Rat

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Sabir Hossain ◽  
Akim Uddin Mohamad ◽  
Md. Shafiul Alam ◽  
Md. Aktar Hossain ◽  
Md. Shafiqur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Key Words Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Key Words Diabetes ◽  
Super Oxide Dismutase ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Spinacea Oleracea

Spirulina, a naturally occurring micro algae, was suspended in water and administrated orally to streptozotocin induced diabetic and nondiabetic rats at a dose of 400 mg per kg body weight. The animal of the control group was administrated extract of Spinacea oleracea (locally known as Palong Shak). Thirty days after the oral administration all the rats were sacrificed for the determination of super oxide dismutase. Spirulina increased the level of oxidative stress responsive enzyme Super oxide dismutase (SOD) in erythrocyte by 17.5% (p<0.0005) in diabetic rats suggesting that the herb may have antioxidant properties. Key words: Diabetes Mellitus, Spirulina, Rat Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 6(1): 43-45, 2007 (June) The full text is of this article is available at the Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. website

scholarly journals Effect of Fenugreek (Methi) on Cortical Thickness of the Thymus in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
DK Mondal ◽  
MMA Moinuddin ◽  
MM Saha ◽  
AM Khanom ◽  
BMA Yousuf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Key Words Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Key Words Diabetes ◽  
Nondiabetic Control ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Long Evans

Objective: To find out microscopically whether Trigonella foenumgraecum (fenugreek seeds/methi seeds) has got any preventive role against the lowering of cortical thickness of the thymic lobules in diabetes mellitus. Design: An experimental study on Long Evans rats which were divided into three equal groups depending on their different shorts of dietary feeding and drug treatment. Setting: Anatomy department of IPGMR (Institute of Post Graduate Medicine and Research) at present BSMMU (Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University) and BIRDEM (Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in diabetes, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders). Subjects: Fifty eight healthy young Long Evans rats of either sex weighing 72 to 174gm aged between 50 to 60 days were used in this study. Main outcome measures: Variation of cortical thickness of the thymic lobules in different groups of rat. Result: Cortical thickness in the nondiabetic control group, which ranges from 30.17 to 36.99. and the mean was 34.83 ± 0.60. In diabetic control group the cortical thickness ranges from 17.78 to 26.46 and the mean was 21.85 ± 1 On the other hand, in the fenugreek- treated diabetic rats the cortical thickness ranges from 25.71 to 32.95 and mean cortical thickness was 30.49 ± 0.75. Conclusion: Fenugreek showed a tendency of acting against lowering of the cortical thickness of the thymic lobule of Streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. However, further investigations are recommended for establishing fenugreek as a safe, useful effective agent to preserve the cortical thickness improving the diabetic condition by acting as antidiabetogenic agent. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, Differential lymphocyte count, Fenugreek, Thymus   doi: 10.3329/bja.v7i1.3017 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy January 2009, Vol. 7 No. 1 pp. 37-41

scholarly journals Effect of Fenugreek (Methi) on Amount of Connective Tissue in Thymic Sections in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
DK Mondal ◽  
MMM Ahmed ◽  
PK Chowdhury ◽  
A Khanom ◽  
S Mohal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Key Words Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Key Words Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Nondiabetic Control ◽  
Long Evans

Context: Diabetes mellitus causes a marked increased in amount of connective tissue in thymus. Fenugreek has the hypoglycaemic effect. The study was carried out to find out whether Trigonella foenumgraecum (fenugreek seeds/methi seeds) has got any preventive role against the increment in amount of connective tissue in thymic section in diabetes mellitus. Study type: an experimental study on Long Evans rats which were divided into three equal groups depending on their different sorts of dietary feeding and drug treatment. Setting: Anatomy department of the then IPGMR (Institute of Post Graduate Medicine and Research) at present BSMMU (Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University) and BIRDEM (Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in diabetes, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders). Subjects: Fifty eight healthy young Long Evans rats of either sex weighing 72 to 174gm aged between 50 to 60 days were used in this study. Main outcome measures: variation in amount of connective tissue in thymic sections in different groups of rats. Result: in the nondiabetic control group the increased in amount of connective tissue in thymic section is lower than in diabetic control group. On the other hand, the increased in amount of connective tissue in thymic section in the fenugreek-treated diabetic rats is also lower than the amount of connective tissue in thymic section in diabetic control group but it is more or less similar to the amount of connective tissue in thymic section in nondiabetic control group. Conclusion: Fenugreek showed a tendency of acting against the increased in amount of connective tissue in thymic section in Streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. However, further investigations are recommended for establishing fenugreek as a safe, useful effective agent to minimize the increment in amount of connective tissue in thymic section improving the diabetic condition by acting as antidiabetogenic agent. Key words: Diabetes mellitus; Connective tissue; Fenugreek; Thymus DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.3329/bja.v9i1.8149 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy January 2011, Vol. 9 No. 1 pp 49-52

scholarly journals PROVIDING THE BEST PREVENTION AND TREATMENT FOR DIABETES PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled M. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Prevention Program ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Key Words Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Key Words Diabetes ◽  
Intervention Protocol ◽  
Drastic Increase ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Treatment

Diabetes is one of the main threats to human health in this century. The drastic increase in incidence of diabetes worldwide has been attributed to distinct changes in human behavior and lifestyle during the last century. To prevent the personal and socio-economic burden of diabetes effort to prevent the disease needs to start before the onset of diabetes and address all susceptibility factors. Four recent studies have shown that prevention of type 2 diabetes is possible and that reinforced lifestyle interventions / modification can significantly reduce the onset of the disease. The studies repeatedly showed that for about 60% of the persons with increased diabetes risk, compared to a control group, the diabetes was prevented from developing. Early pharmacologic preventive strategies have yielded 25-30%. These studies have convincingly demonstrated that the primary aim in prevention of type 2 diabetes is the stabilization of glucose tolerance due to improvement of insulin resistance. Based on the studies intervention protocol focuses on achieving 5 core goals. With respect to the world wide burden of diabetes this studies offer a compelling evidence-base for the important translation of the research findings into community-based prevention strategies a development of a National Diabetes Prevention Program. Key words: Diabetes Mellitus, Treatment, Prevention

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS OF ETHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT OF ERYTHRINA ABBYSINICA LAM, EX DC

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Kamadyaapa Davie Rexon ◽  
Gondwe Mavuto Masopera ◽  
Shauli Mathulo ◽  
Sewani Rusike Constance ◽  
Nkeh Chungag Benedicta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

  Objective: This study was conducted to scientifically evaluate the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of ethanolic leaf extract of Erythrina abbysinica (EEA).Methods: Acute and sub-chronic effects of EEA at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/bwt and glibenclamide (GL) at 5 mg/kg/bwt. were evaluated in both normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male Wistar rats (250–300 g). The acute studies were performed using oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In sub-chronic studies, animals were orally administered with EEA and GL daily for 6 w. Brine shrimp assay was used to determine the toxicity of EEA. 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, ferric reducing capacity of plasma, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assays were used to determine antioxidant properties of EEA.Results: Following OGTT, EEA significantly (p<0.05) and dose-dependently (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/bwt) decreased blood glucose levels in both normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats when compared with positive and negative control counterparts at all-time points, whereas GL significantly (p<0.05) decreased blood glucose only in normal rats but not in diabetic rats. Daily, oral administration of EEA for 6 w significantly (p<0.05) and dose-dependently (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/bwt) decreased blood glucose levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats when compared with the diabetic control group. EEA revealed weak toxicity with a lethal concentration50 value of 997 μg/ml). Furthermore, EEA showed significant free radical scavenging, total antioxidant, and anti-lipid peroxidative capacities.Conclusion: The study has shed more light on the scientific basis for the use of E. abbysinica in management of diabetes in some communities of Eastern Cape of South Africa.

scholarly journals Effects of Intra-vitreal Injection of Bevacizumab as an Adjunct during Phacoemulsification in Diabetic Maculopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Afzal Bodla ◽  
Syeda Minahil Kazmi ◽  
Noor Tariq ◽  
Ayema Moazzam ◽  
Muhammad Muneeb Aman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Macular Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Key Words Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Key Words Diabetes ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose:  To study the effects of Intra-vitreal injection of Bevacizumab as an adjunct during phacoemulsification in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Study Design:  Quasi experimental study. Methods:  Hundred diabetic patients who were scheduled to undergo phacoemulsification were included in the study. They were equally divided into two groups; Bevacizumab and control group. Complete ocular examination and macular thickness and volume were determined using an OPTOVUE-OCT machine. The patients in the Bevacizumab group were given intra-vitreal injection of 1.25 mg/0.05ml of Bevacizumab at the time of Phacoemulsification. A written ethical approval was obtained and the study was conducted according to principles of declaration of Helsinki. Results:  The bevacizumab group manifested low value of CMT one month post-surgery as compared to the control group (262.2 ± 32.2 and 288.5 ± 54.1, respectively) with P = 0.01. The Total Macular volume, and Best-corrected visual acuity in the two groups showed no significant difference one month after surgery. Amongst the patients who developed postsurgical macular edema, four patients did not possess a positive history for diabetic retinopathy and 3 of them had Non Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. We found no significant relationship between the post-surgical macula edema with the presence of mild Non Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. (Fisher's test, P = 0.321). Conclusion:  The ocular anti-VEGF therapy substantially reduces macular edema secondary to post-surgical inflammation in diabetic patients. It effectively reduces the central macular thickness although the results are not found to be statistically significant when compared with the control group. Key Words:  Diabetes mellitus; diabetic macular edema; diabetic retinopathy: Bevacizumab.

scholarly journals Trigonella foenum-graecum seeds extract plays a beneficial role on brain antioxidant and oxidative status in alloxan-induced Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Jangampalli Adi Pradeepkiran ◽  
Venkata Subbaiah Nandyala ◽  
Matcha Bhaskar
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum

Abstract Context Trigonella foenum-graecum (TriFG) exhibits increased scavenger enzymatic activities and reduces the production of reactive oxygen species in diabetic rats. Objective The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of TriFG on lipid peroxidation levels and antioxidant status in brain tissue of rats exposed to alloxan. Materials and Methods Healthy male rats (180 ± 10 g) were allocated into five groups. Animals in group 1 maintained on normal tap water served as controls and rats in groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 were treated as experimental groups. Rats in group 2 were intraperitoneally injected with alloxan (120 mg/kg BW) and treated as diabetic rats, whereas rats in groups 3 and 4 were maintained on same experimental regimen as that of rats in groups 1 and 2, respectively, and in addition, they were orally gavaged with herbal extracts of TriFG (0.25 g/kg BW). Diabetic rats treated with glibenclamide in group 5 were used as positive controls. Results and Discussion Significant (P &lt; 0.001) increase in the antioxidant enzymes with a significant (P &lt; 0.001) decrease in the lipid peroxidation levels were observed in the brain tissue of diabetic rats treated with TriFG extract as compared to diabetic and glibenclamide-treated rats. No significant changes were observed in pro- and antioxidant levels in brain tissue of rats treated with TriFG extract alone when compared to normal rats. In diabetic rats, brain mitochondrial and cytosolic enzymes like succinate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity levels were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) decreased with reversely increased was observed in lactate dehydrogenase activity (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions The findings of the present study suggested that TriFG, through its antioxidant properties, protects brain tissue by mitigating oxidative stress induced by alloxan-exposed rats. TriFG extract significantly increased the antioxidant and oxidative properties in diabetic rats when compared with the control group rats.

Effect of Aqueous Warionia saharae Extract on Lipid and Glucose Metabolism in Normal and Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 605-610
Author(s):  
Morad Hebi ◽  
Ahmed El Haidani ◽  
Mohamed Eddouks
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Lowering Activity

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties of aerial parts aqueous extract of Warionia saharae (APAE of W. saharae) in normal and streptozotocin (STZ) induced-diabetic rats. Additionally, the quantitative and qualitative analysis for the presence of different phytochemical constituents in the APAE of W. saharae was performed. Methods: The effects of oral administration of APAE of W. saharae (5 mg/kg) on the plasma Total Cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured in both normal and diabetic rats. Moreover, the antioxidant capacity was realized by the method of DPPH. Total polyphenol as x of the APAE of W. saharae were determined. Results: APAE of W. saharae showed a strong hypolipidemic and antihyperglycemic effects both in normal and in STZ induced diabetic rats. On the other hand, APAE of W. saharae showed a potent antioxidant activity and revealed inhibitory activity. Moreover, the quantitative determination of total polyphenol and flavonoid contents showed high contents of these phytochemicals. Concerning the qualitative analysis several classes of chemicals have been found. Conclusion: APAE of W. saharae (5 mg/kg) shows the potential cholesterol and glucose lowering activity as well as antioxidant properties in both normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Effect of silymarin and metformin on the sperm parameters and histopathological changes of testes in diabetic rats: An experimental study

2022 ◽  
pp. 1091-1104
Author(s):  
Bagher Pourheydar ◽  
Fatemeh Azarm ◽  
Gholamhossein Farjah ◽  
Mojtaba Karimipour ◽  
Maryam Pourheydar
Keyword(s):  
Seminiferous Tubule ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Germinal Epithelium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Key Words Diabetes ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tubule Diameter

Background: Oxidative stress is a major contributor to diabetes, which can lead to testicular damage and infertility. Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of metformin as a chemical drug with silymarin as an herbal agent on the sperm parameters and histopathological changes of testes in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats (250-270 gr) were randomly divided into four groups: 1) control; 2) diabetic; 3) diabetic+metformin 200 mg/kg; and 4) diabetic+silymarin 100 mg/kg. Daily injections were administered intraperitoneally for 56 days. At the end of the treatment, blood sampling was performed for biochemical assessment. Then, the rats were sacrificed and their left testis and epididymis were cut for sperm analysis as well as histopathology and morphometric evaluation. Results: Diabetes was associated with a reduced sperm count, motility, viability, maturity, and chromatin quality of sperm (p ≤ 0.001). It was also associated with a higher malondialdehide level and lower total antioxidant capacity level of serum in comparison with the control group (p ≤ 0.001). There was a significant difference in the seminiferous tubule diameter, germinal epithelium height, and testicular histopathological alterations in the diabetic rats compared with the control rats (p ≤ 0.001). Treatment with metformin and silymarin improved the above-mentioned parameters and this improvement was more substantial in silymarin-treated animals (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: In diabetic rats, metformin and silymarin improved sperm parameters, sperm DNA integrity, seminiferous tubule diameter, germinal epithelium thickness, and testicular histopathological complications; this improvement was more substantial in the silymarin-treated group. So, the findings of this study suggest that silymarin is more effective than metformin in treating diabetic-induced infertility. Key words: Diabetes, DNA damage, Metformin, Silymarin, Sperm, Testis.

scholarly journals The effects of gallic acid and metformin on male reproductive dysfunction in diabetic mice induced by methylglyoxal: An experimental study

2021 ◽  
pp. 715-724
Author(s):  
Zeinab Behdarvand-Margha ◽  
Akram Ahangarpour ◽  
Mohammadreza Shahraki ◽  
Gholamreza Komeili ◽  
Layasadat Khorsandi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Key Words Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Key Words Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Histological Changes

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a disease that has reached a dangerous point. Today, nearly 500 million men and women around the world live with diabetes. Gallic acid (Gal) affects diabetes. Objective: To evaluate the effects of Gal and metformin (met) on the levels of glucose, insulin, testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), sperm count, antioxidant status, and histological changes in the testes of diabetic mice induced by methylglyoxal (MGO). Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 50 male adult NMRI mice, weighting 25-30 gr, aged 3-4 months were randomly divided into five equal groups (n = 10/each). (i) Control (vehicle, normal saline), (ii) MGO (600 mg/kg/d) orally for 28 days, (iii) Gal (50 mg/kg/d), (iv) MGO+Gal, and (v) MGO+met (200 mg/kg/d). Gal and met were administered orally for 21 consecutive days after the induction of diabetes. Blood samples were taken at 24 hr after the latest doses of treatment. Histological assessment of the testis was done, and the epididymis sperm count was obtained. Antioxidant indices, glucose, insulin, LH, FSH, and testosterone levels were measured. Results: In the MGO group compared to the control group, insulin, glucose (p = 0.001), LH (p = 0.04) and malondialdehyde (p = 0.001) were increased. However, the level of testosterone (p = 0.001), seminiferous tubule diameters, epithelial height, sperm count, superoxide dismutase activity (p = 0.02), and testis volume (p = 0.01) were decreased. The results indicated that Gal and met ameliorated the MGO effects. Conclusion: These findings suggested that the animals receiving MGO became diabetic. According to the results, Gal and met can effectively prevent MGO-induced diabetes. The effect of Gal was equivalent and sometimes better than metformin. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, Gallic acid, Male reproductive system, Metformin, Mice.

scholarly journals The Effect of Lycopene Treatment on Oxidative DNA Damage of Experimental Diabetic Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Karahan ◽  
S. Dede ◽  
E. Ceylan
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Agent

Objective: Lycopene is a carotenoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of lycopene on oxidative DNA damage levels in experimental diabetic rats. Subjects and Methods: Four experimental groups, each consisting of 7 rats, were prepared as Controls, Diabetes (D), Lycopene-treated diabetes (DL) and Lycopene (L). STZ (45 mg/kg) was administered to the diabetic groups intraperitoneally in a single dose. Lycopene was administered to the L and DL groups (10 mg lycopene/kg/day). The test procedure continued for four weeks. To understand the occurrence of diabetic conditions, serum glucose and HbA1c% in the whole blood were determined. The 8-OHdG levels, a marker of oxidative DNA damage, were determined in the blood serum. Results: Blood glucose and HbA1c% were higher in the DL group than in the control group and L group (p <0.05) and lower in the D group (p <0.05). 8-OHdG levels were higher in D group than the other groups (p <0.05) while 8-OHdG levels in DL group were lower than D group (p <0.05) and approximated to the control group. Conclusion: It can be suggested that lycopene may be described as a protective agent to prevent oxidative DNA damage originated from diabetes.

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