scholarly journals Awareness on Heart Diseases among Bangladesh Army Personnel

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Sheikh Shahidul Islam ◽  
Md Fashiur Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Shams ul Huda ◽  
SM Humayan Kabir ◽  
Md Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Death ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Sedentary Life Style ◽  
Army Personnel ◽  
Global Public Health Problem

Introduction: Heart diseases are global public health problem. In 2015, 14.31% of total death in Bangladesh was due to coronary heart disease. Moreover in 2016, 2(two) recruits and 1(one) officer of Bangladesh army encountered sudden death due to cardiac arrest. Objective: To ascertain the level of knowledge, awareness and health practice regarding the threat of cardiovascular diseases among Bangladesh Army personnel. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 242 members of Bangladesh Army in different training centers and school under Army training and doctrine command (ARTDOC), units of 19 infantry division, Battle group of ARTDOC and Head quarter (HQ) ARTDOC, from February to July 2017. Results: Among the respondents, 56.2%, 45% and 44.6% respectively mentioned tobacco smoking, obesity and sedentary life style are the causes of heart disease and 62%, 42%, 31%, 10% and 2% mentioned that chest pain, shortness of breathing, sweating, radiating pain in jaw and extremity and snoring-sleep apnea are the symptoms and signs of heart disease. Conclusion: From the study it was revealed that, majority of the respondents had poor level of knowledge on awareness of heart disease. Adequate effort may be taken to increase the awareness by expert professionals and social media. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 47-50

scholarly journals Knowledge and Belief towards Infertility among Undergraduate Students of Selected Colleges of Pokhara Metropolitan City

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Alisha Dhungana ◽  
Kalpana Jnawali
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Female Students ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metropolitan City ◽  
Good Level ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Introduction: Infertility is the global public health problem with adverse social and economic consequences. World Health Organization states that infertility affects 1 in every 10 couples worldwide. This study was carried out with an objective to find out the level of knowledge and belief regarding infertility among undergraduate students. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and quantitative study, carried out among 420 undergraduate students of 7 selected colleges of Pokhara Metropolitan city from July to September 2019. Study populations were selected through simple random sampling method. Data collection was carried out using self-administered questionnaire. Results: Study revealed that 51.9% students had good level of knowledge with the female students having greater knowledge (57%) than male (48%). The study found that students’ knowledge score related to infertility was significantly associated with gender (p<0.05) and parental advices (p<0.05). Conclusions: More than half of the participants had good level of knowledge. Female students were more knowledgeable than male students. Less than half of the participants had ever attended on sexual and reproductive training programs.

scholarly journals Urinary Melamine Levels and Progression of CKD

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1133-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Chun Tsai ◽  
Chia-Fang Wu ◽  
Chia-Chu Liu ◽  
Tusty-Jiuan Hsieh ◽  
Yu-Ting Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Egfr Decline ◽  
Global Public Health Problem

Background and objectivesCKD is a global public health problem. Some cross-sectional studies have associated environmental melamine exposure with kidney diseases, but evidence is limited.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsWe conducted this prospective cohort study to enroll patients with eGFR≥30 ml/min per 1.73 m2 in 2006–2010. Urinary corrected melamine levels (ratio of urinary melamine to urinary creatinine) were measured by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry at enrollment. Kidney outcomes included doubling of serum creatinine levels, eGFR decline >3 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year, and 30% decline in eGFR in the first 2 years. Subjects were followed until targeted kidney outcomes, cancer, death, last contact, or the end of observation in December 2016.ResultsIn a total of 293 subjects, the median urinary corrected melamine level was 0.97 (interquartile range, 0.43–2.08) μg/mmol. Over a median follow-up period of 7.0 years, serum creatinine levels doubled in 80 subjects (27%). Subjects in the highest tertile of urinary melamine level 12.70 μg/mmol) had a 2.30 (95% confidence interval, 1.25 to 4.23; P<0.01) hazard risk for doubling of serum creatinine compared with those in the lowest tertile (0.02–0.58 μg/mmol). Similar significant dose-response results were found in eGFR decline >3 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year and 30% decline in eGFR in the first 2 years.ConclusionsUrinary melamine level is significantly associated with kidney function deterioration in patients with early-stage CKD.

scholarly journals Parâmetros clínicos e bioquímicos de pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise com níveis elevados de fosfatase alcalina

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-341
Author(s):  
Maria Rita Fonseca Dias ◽  
Raissa Castro Ribeiro ◽  
Vanessa Fernandes Lobão ◽  
Michel Garcia Maciel ◽  
Andréa Dias Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The City ◽  
Global Public Health Problem ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem, which implies poor health and high risk of cardiovascular disease contributing to high mortality rates, whichhas been associated with high levels of alkaline phosphatase (AF) in this public. The aim of this study was to compare clinical and biochemical parameters in relation to alkaline phosphatase levels of chronic renal patients on hemodialysis. Methods: Cross-sectional and analytical study, performed in 93 male and female patients, aged 18 years or older, from a hemodialysis center in the city of Belém, Pará. Data collection included interviews through a semi-structured questionnaire and consultation of medical records. Descriptive statistics consisted of mean, standard deviation, median, interquartile range, relative and absolute frequency. For alkaline phosphatase analysis, the interquartile range of 120 U/L was used. Results: Of the 93 patients, 58 were men with a mean age of 54.5 ± 4.5 years. The sample was divided into two groups: the first, with low alkaline phosphatase - less than 120 U/L (n= 50; 82.24 ± 21.67); and the second, with high alkaline phosphatase - greater than or equal to 120 U/L (n= 43; 288.82 ± 300.05). After analyzing the clinical and biochemical profile of each group, we found a statistical difference in the values of parathyroid hormone and hemoglobin, in which the group with high alkaline phosphatase obtained higher parathyroid hormone levels and lower hemoglobin values. Considerable prevalence of elevated phosphatase was observed in chronic renal patients on hemodialysis. Conclusion: The study identified high parathyroid hormone and lower hemoglobin in patients with high alkaline phosphatase. We emphasize the importance of monitoring and correcting AF levels, when possible.

scholarly journals Pattern, Management, and Outcome of Poisoning in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Naresh Karki ◽  
Vijay Singh ◽  
Vinod Kumar Verma
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Gastric Lavage ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intravenous Route ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Public Health Problem

Introduction: Poisoning is a significant global public health problem. The appropriate management of poisoning at emergency needs accurate assessment and immediate treatment. The immense chance for better outcomes occurs with early diagnosis and treatment. This study was conducted to assess pattern, management, and outcome of poisoning in tertiary care hospital. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in which records of patients with a diagnosis of poisoning over a period of four years were reviewed. Results: A total of 138 patients were included in the study. A majority (63%) of them were females. Most (67.4%) were managed by general or supportive measure only. Gastric lavage was done in 60% of total patients while 52.9% patients received activated charcoal. Pralidoxime and atropine was received by 51.1% of patients treated with specific antidote. All the antidotes were administered through intravenous route. Regarding outcome, 89.9% were completely recovered. Suicidal poisoning was significantly higher in married as compared to unmarried patients (p = 0.029). Similarly, there was a significant relationship between occupation of the patients and manner of poisoning (p = 0.003). Outcome of treatment had a significant association with the manner of poisoning (p < 0.001). Further analysis revealed that the patients who expired in the hospital were more likely to ingest poison accidentally. Conclusion: Suicidal poisoning is common and females are more susceptible. Insecticide and rodenticide are the commonly ingested poisons. Treatment outcome of poisoning cases is generally favorable.

Burden of Care Among Mothers Having Children with Congenital Heart Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Nita Sharma ◽  
Pratima Sharma ◽  
Tulashi Adhikari Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
P Value ◽  
Burden Of Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level

Introduction: Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is a problem with structure and function of the heart that is present at birth.  Children with CHD require special care, treatment and follow up for a number of common conditions which may be quite straining to the care givers. The objective of the study was to find out the burden of care among mothers having children with CHD. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in a cardiac centre of Nepal. A total of 95 mothers having children with CHD attending outpatient department of our institute were selected as the sample for the study using non-probability purposive sampling technique. A semi structured interview questionnaire consisting of the Modified Caregiver Strain Index was used to assess the burden of care among mothers having children with CHD. Frequency and percent were used to describe the variables and chi- square test at 0.05 significance level was used to analyse associations. Results: Most (77.9%) of the mothers were regularly strained to find that their children’s health condition was deteriorating due to CHD. Nearly half (44.2%) of the mothers always had financial constrain while giving care to the child, nearly half (40%) of the mothers had done emotional adjustments to take care of their children with CHD, another two-fifths (28.4%) of the mothers sometimes had disturbed sleep and almost half (46.3%) of the mothers were always upset due to some behaviour of their child with CHD. Half (50.5%) of the mothers had high level of burden of care. Statistically significant association were found between age of the mother and level of burden of care (p value = 0.05). Similarly, the type of family (p value = 0.005), age of the children (p value = 0.000) and type of CHD (p value = 0.002) were significantly associated with the level of burden of care among the mothers. Conclusion: The study concluded that mothers tend to feel less burden of care as the child grows older, mothers having children with cyanotic heart disease tend to experience more burden of care. Mothers of less than thirty years of age and living in a joint family also experience more burden of care.  

4H-1,3-Benzothiazin-4-one a Promising Class Against MDR/XDR-TB

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 567-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Vinicius Nora de Souza ◽  
Thais Cristina Mendonça Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Synthesis Mechanism ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Latent Disease ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Chemical Class ◽  
Global Public Health Problem

Nowadays, tuberculosis (TB) is an important global public health problem, being responsible for millions of TB-related deaths worldwide. Due to the increased number of cases and resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to all drugs used for the treatment of this disease, we desperately need new drugs and strategies that could reduce treatment time with fewer side effects, reduced cost and highly active drugs against resistant strains and latent disease. Considering that, 4H-1,3-benzothiazin-4-one is a promising class of antimycobacterial agents in special against TB-resistant strains being the aim of this review the discussion of different aspects of this chemical class such as synthesis, mechanism of action, medicinal chemistry and combination with other drugs.

Perceived Experiences of Community Violence Among Adolescents: A School Survey From Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110051
Author(s):  
Claudia L. de Moraes ◽  
Érika B. dos Santos ◽  
Michael E. Reichenheim ◽  
Stella R. Taquette ◽  
Luciane Stochero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Community Violence ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interpersonal Aggression ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Management Actions

Community violence (CV) is a global public health problem due to its high frequency and severe consequences. Although CV is one of the leading causes of death among adolescents, little is known about the everyday CV situations that do not lead to death. This study aimed to estimate the frequency of exposure to and involvement in CV situations among adolescent students from public and private schools in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study of 693 individuals in their second year of high school selected through stratified multistage random sampling. Information about their exposure to and involvement in CV was collected through a self-completed multidimensional questionnaire in the classrooms. For approximately 30% of the adolescents, someone close to them had been murdered, and 40% had already seen the corpse of a victim of homicide. Seventeen percent reported having been directly involved in CV situations. Approximately 38%, 13%, and 25% had been victims of robberies, interpersonal aggression, and death threats to either themselves or their relatives, respectively. Many of these situations occurred more than once. In general, CV was more frequently reported by boys and by those who did not live with both parents. Adolescents from higher economic classes experienced more interpersonal aggression and felt a greater need to carry a gun. Those who belonged to the lower economic classes and studied in public schools were more exposed to lethal violence than other students. The results call attention to the very high percentage of adolescent students that are involved in CV situations as well as to the differences in violence rates among population subgroups. Such findings should be considered when planning CV prevention and management actions in schools and other socialization spaces for adolescents.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Anemia among Muslim Students, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110134
Author(s):  
Chutima Rattanawan ◽  
Suraiya Cheloh ◽  
Asma Maimahad ◽  
Malatee Tayeh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Age ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Anemia is a global public health problem. The prevalence of anemia among different ages, genders or ethnic groups must be clarified in order to solve problems. This study proposed to determine the prevalence and factors related to anemia among the Muslim school-age population in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. Socio-demographic and anthropometric data were collected by a structured questionnaire. Blood samples were collected from 200 school-age subjects. The thalassemia screening was performed with KKU-OF and KKU-DCIP reagents. The prevalence of anemia in this study was 36.5%, divided into males and females, 33.3% and 39.1%, respectively. The means of Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH, and MCHC in the anemic group were significantly lower. The positive results for KKU-OF or KKU-DCIP or both were 15.0%, 2.5%, and 1.0%, respectively. The result of positive OF test was a significantly independent factor for anemia. The number of family members was 5 to 7 and more than 7 persons are related factors for anemia in this study. In summary, the contribution of thalassemia and socio-economic factor are associated factors to anemia in this population. These findings should be addressed in public health strategies for the control of anemia of school-aged Muslims in the region.

Adherence to Primary Prevention and Skin Self-Examination Practices by Spanish Melanoma Patients

Dermatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Irene Torrecilla-Martínez ◽  
Esperanza Manrique-Silva ◽  
Victor Traves ◽  
Celia Requena ◽  
Eduardo Nagore
Keyword(s):  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Self Examination

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The incidence of cutaneous melanoma, an important global public health problem, has been increasing over the last several decades. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> In order to decrease melanoma-related mortality, ways to communicate and implement the correct methods for conducting primary and secondary prevention measures (such as early detection via self-examination) should be investigated. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> An observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study consisting of 409 patients diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma was conducted. An online questionnaire was created to evaluate knowledge levels, attitudes, and adherence to primary preventive measures and to skin self-examination practices. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The results revealed that even when 43% of the patients perform cutaneous self-examinations, only half of them fully followed the recommendations. Patients aged &#x3c;45 years, female, with a I–II phototype, with an intermediate/high level of education, and with a history of NMSC were more likely to have an adequate degree of knowledge. Moreover, patients aged &#x3c;45 years and with an adequate degree of knowledge more frequently showed an adequate adherence to the primary prevention measures. Finally, patients aged 45–60 years and with an adequate degree of knowledge presented a good adherence to the self-skin examination measures. <b><i>Limitations:</i></b> Possible limitations of this study were memory bias through the influence of age within the study population, and bias due to a greater proportion of subjects with a high education level. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Within the population of patients with melanoma, a high percentage of patients do not rigorously follow the recommended prevention measures. Our study highlights the need to implement awareness in this population to improve the prevention of cutaneous cancer.

scholarly journals Analysis of Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors Associated with Hospitalized Stroke Patients of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Hossain ◽  
NU Ahmed ◽  
M Rahman ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
G Sadhya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out to analyze prevalence of risk factors for stroke in hospitalized patient in a medical college hospital. 100 patients were chosen using purposive sampling technique. Highest incidence of stroke was between the 6th and 7th decade. Patients came from both urban (54%) and rural (46%) areas and most of them belong to the low-income group (47%). In occupational category; service holder (28%) and retired person (21%) were the highest groups. Most of the study subjects were literate (63%). CT scan study revealed that the incidence of ischaemic stroke was 61% and haemorrhagic stroke 39%. Analysis indicated hypertension as major risk factor for stroke (63%) and major portion of the patients (42.85%) were on irregular or no treatment. Twenty four percent of the patients had heart diseases and out of 24 patients 45.83% were suffering from ischaemic heart disease. The present study detected diabetes in 21% patients. Fifty three percent of the study subjects were smoker, 39% patients had habit of betelnut chewing. Out of 26 female patients, only 23% had history of using oral contraceptives. Majority of the patients were sedentary workers (46%). Thirty seven percent of the stroke patients were obese. Among the stroke patients 9% had previous history of stroke and 3% had TIA respectively. Most of the patients (21%) were awake while they suffered from stroke and the time of occurrence was mostly in the afternoon (46%). This study found that hypertension, cigarette smoking, ischaemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus are the major risk factors prevalent in our community while other risk factors demand further study. Key words: stroke; risk factors; hospitalized patients; Bangladesh. DOI: 10.3329/fmcj.v6i1.7405 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2011;6(1): 19-23

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