scholarly journals Efficacy Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Var. Israelensis Against The Larvae Of Aedes Aegypti

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Murshida Begum ◽  
Homaira Akbar ◽  
Mihir Lal Saha ◽  
Humayun Reza Khan
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Bacterial Spores ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

Efficacy of aqueous suspension of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelesis (Bti) was studiedagainst the laboratory reared 3rd and 4th instar larvae of Aedesaegypti. Mortality rates aswell as histological changes in the larval midgut due to toxic effect of Bti wereinvestigated. Several microscopic techniques were also used to identify the toxic effecton the mosquito larvae. The highest mortality rate (96.66%) was found in case of 3rdinstar larvae at 1.0μl/ml dose where LC50 value was 0.0097. Larval mortalities increasedsignificantly to A. aegypti as doses increased (p< 0.05). Histological study revealed thatcellular layers of the midgut epithelium were intact in control sample, but in case of theBti treated larvae none of these were found in the midgut, only bacterial spores wereseen. Results of the microscopic studies indicated that, among the six different coloniesfound in bacterial cultures, Bti spore, sporangium and vegetative cells were confirmedfrom one colony by phase transition and fluorescent microscopy. The Cry (crystals)endotoxins and Bti spore were confirmed by the SEM. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 41(1): 33-44, June 2015

Cytological and Histological Study of Adult and Neonate Epidermis in Thick and Thin Skin of Various Anatomical Sites

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hydar Muhsin Khalfa ◽  
Adnan Albideri ◽  
Haider Salih Jaffat
Keyword(s):  
Histological Study ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Mature Adult ◽  
Skin Development ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Thin Skin

The integumentary system covers the surface of the embryo (skin) and its specialized skin structures including hair, nails, sweat glands, mammary glands and teeth. During fetal skin development, the epidermis changes from a single layer of ectodermal cells at 7–8 days of gestation into a more apparent stratified, keratinized epithelium at 22–24 weeks. The aim of the study is to identify the histological and cytological changes that take place during neonatal and adult epidermis development. Human neonatal and adult samples were obtained from fully informed, consenting parent or releatives from Al-hilla mortary / Iraq. Neonatal samples were obtained from neonates after sudden deaths from maternity wards. Anatomical Sites included abdomen, forehead, back, shoulder and feet sole. A totoal of 15 neonates and 10 mature adults were used for this study. Fresh tissues were sectioned using a freezing cryostat. Tissues were sectioned at 5µm in -24°C and collected on microscopic slides. Slides were allowed to air dry for 30 min prior to hematoxyline and eosin staining. Tissues were also photographed using scanning electron microscopy SEM. Cytological measurements were taken using image j software and data was analysed using graph prism. Various cytological and histological changes takes place during neonatal and adult and epidermis development. Our study shows the stages of fair follicule formation as well as number of nucleated layers present at each stage of development and at different anatomical sites. Major histological changes takes places during the transition frm a neonate to a mature adult including the number of basal cells and epidermal thickness depending on the anatomical site.

scholarly journals Effects of two formulations based on Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis on Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae under laboratory conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-258
Author(s):  
Milenka Peric ◽  
Mirjana Prijovic ◽  
Goran Andric
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Water Dispersible ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis Subsp ◽  
Zero Time

Toxicity and persistence of two formulations based on Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis applied to Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae were tested under laborabory conditions. The formulations were: a) water dispersible granules (product VectoBac WDG), and b) aqueous suspension (product VectoBac 12AS). The effects of both products on mosquito larvae were tested immediately after their dilution in pure water (zero time) and in 1-, 2-, 8- and 13-day old solutions. The two products were also tested in mixtures of water and clay at a rate of 0.5 g clay/150 ml water immediately after product dilution, and in one-day old solutions containing 0.1 and 0.05 g of clay in the same amount of water. The product VectoBac WDG was persistent and highly effective against Ae. aegypti larvae in pure water after the longest experimental period of 13 days, and significantly more effective than VectoBac 12AS at equal rates of application. The effectiveness of VectoBac 12AS weakened significantly after 8 and 13 days of treatment, compared to the effects at zero time and in 1- and 2-day old solutions. High clay content in water significantly reduced the larvicidal effectiveness of both products, indicating its possible compromising role during product application in practice.

scholarly journals A study of histological changes of human placenta in rural population of eastern India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3280
Author(s):  
Mrinal Kanti Karmakar ◽  
Sambit Kar ◽  
S. M. Kumar ◽  
Subir Kumar Chattopadhyay ◽  
L. K. Vaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Endothelial Proliferation ◽  
Umbilical Cord Insertion ◽  
Normal Placenta

Background: Placenta is essential for maintenance of pregnancy and for promoting normal growth and development of fetus. It forms the morphological record of anatomical condition, intrauterine events and intrapartum events of gestation. Present study has been undertaken to record the data on the morphology and histology of placenta from mothers with hypertension and diabetes.Methods: This study showed several significant morphological and histological differences in the placenta of the mother with GDM and hypertensive placenta. The histological study of the placenta was done under microscope and number of syncytial knots, cytotrophoblastic cellular proliferation, fibrinoid necrosis, endothelial proliferation, calcified and hyalinised villous spots were noted per low power field in the diabetics and hypertensive group in comparison to control group.Results: All other parameters including area, thickness, diameter, and circumference of GDM placenta show a significant increase when compared with normal placenta. The gross anatomic features of placentae e.g infarcted areas, calcified areas and marginal insertion of the umbilical cord in the study group show significant increase in value (p>0.01) in diabetic and hypertensive groups when compared to that of the control or normal group.Conclusions: In present study we found that hypertensive placentae tend to be slightly smaller in size, weight, volume, area, thickness, diameter, circumference and feto-placental ratio than normal placentae but the parameters were found to be significantly greater than that of normal placentae in case of diabetic placentae. No significant differences were found in umbilical cord insertion. In normal pregnancy cases we found several histological findings which were increased in hypertensive and diabetic cases.

scholarly journals Host cell adhesion to Schistosoma mansoni larvae in the peritoneal cavity of naive mice: histological and scanning electron microscopic studies

1993 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Lane de Melo ◽  
Conceição Ribeiro da Silva Machado ◽  
Leógenes Horácio Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Peritoneal Cavity ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Scanning Electron

Cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni inoculated into the peritoneal cavity of naive mice induced host cell adhesion to their surface, but after 90 minutes the number of adherent cells sharply decreased. The cell detachment is progressive and simultaneous to the cercaria-schistosomule transformation. The histological study showed mainly neutrophils in close contact with the larvae. Mononuclear cells and some eosinophils were occasionally seen surrounding the adherent neutrophils. The scanning electron microscopy showed cells displaying twisted microvilli and several microplicae contacting or spreading over the larval surface, and larvae completely surrounded by clusters of cells. These results suggest that the neutrophils recognize molecules on the cercarial surface which induce their spreading

Efficacy of aqueous suspension and granular formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis (Vectobac) against mosquito vectors

Acta Tropica ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Dominic Amalraj ◽  
S.S Sahu ◽  
P Jambulingam ◽  
P.S Boopathi Doss ◽  
M Kalyanasundaram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Mosquito Vectors

Histological changes in free jejunal grafts used in pharyngeal reconstruction

1991 ◽  
Vol 105 (7) ◽  
pp. 556-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. J. Deans ◽  
J. Hill ◽  
M. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Infiltrate ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Free Grafts ◽  
Pharyngeal Reconstruction

AbstractA histological study was performed of biopsies taken from jejunal free grafts used in pharyngeal reconstruction. The main findings were a decreased crypt/villi ratio and a mild chronic inflammatory infiltrate. There was no evidence of metaplastic or dysplastic transformation.

scholarly journals PALYNOMORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF WEEDY MELLIFEROUS (BEE VISITED) PLANTS USING LIGHT MICROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES FROM SOUTHERN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
Fawad Khan ◽  
Khushdil Khan ◽  
Shabir Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Datura Innoxia ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Galium Aparine ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Polar Diameter ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

Pollen morphology of 10 different weedy bee foraged plants belong to 10 various families from Southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa were collected, identified and studied using light microscopy (LM). The plants were Asphodelus tenuifolius, Euphorbia helioscopia, Parthenium hysterophorus, Rhazya stricta, Datura innoxia, Eruca sativa, Convolvulus arvensis, Anagallis arvensis, Galium aparine, and Anethum graveolens. Slides for Light microscopic studies were prepared with the help of acetic acid, glycerin jelly and anthers of flowers. Pollen grain recorded ranged from monocolpate to hexacolporate and from psilate to echinate which were important systematic significance. Pollen size, shape, P/E ratio, exine thickness, number of colpi, number of pores, equatorial diameter, polar diameter, colpus width, colpus length, spines number, length and width of spines were examined with the help of light microscopy and all these values were analyzed statistically using software SPSS. This research provide a data to the optimal utilization of bee foraged weed plants by honeybees and identification of bee flora for the beekeeping business and honey production. Results revealed that weedy melliferous flora of study area is very helpful for botanical origin, geographical origin of bee species and adulterations found in honey.

scholarly journals Influence of S(+)-ketamine analgesia in renal intraoperative ischemia: histological study in rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloy Rusafa Neto ◽  
Pedro Thadeu Galvão Vianna ◽  
Rosa Marlene Viero ◽  
Norma Sueli Pinheiro Módolo ◽  
Eliana Marisa Ganem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Sodium Pentobarbital ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Renal Histology ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Arterial Hemorrhage

PURPOSE: To study in rats the effect of S(+)ketamine on the renal histology after intraoperative hemorrhage. METHODS: Twenty male Wistar rats, anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, were randomly divided in 2 groups: G1 - control (n=l0) and G2 - S(+)-ketamine (n=10), both submitted to arterial hemorrhage of 30% of volemia in 3 moments (10% each 10 min) 60 min after anesthesia. G2 received S(+)-ketamine, 15 mg. kg-1, i.m., 5 min after anesthesia and 55 min before the 1st hemorrhage moment (Ml). Medium arterial pressure (MAP), rectal temperature (T) and heart rate were monitored. The animals were sacrificed in M4, 30 min after the 3rd hemorrhage moment (M3) and the kidneys and blood collected from hemorrhage were utilized for histological study and hematocrit (Ht) determination. RESULTS: There were significant reduction of MAP, T, and Ht. The histological study verified G1 = G2 for tubular dilation, congestion, and necrosis. The total score addition were significant1y different and G2 > G 1. CONCLUSION: Hemorrhage and hypotension determined changes in kidney histology. The rise in catecholamine blood concentration probably was the cause of S(+)-ketamine-induced higher score of histological changes.

scholarly journals Arsenic in Soils Affected by Mining: Microscopic Studies vs. Sequential Chemical Extraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8426
Author(s):  
Jessica Álvarez-Quintana ◽  
Rodrigo Álvarez ◽  
Almudena Ordóñez
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Sequential Extraction Method ◽  
As Adsorption ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

Soil samples from three inactive mines, corresponding to different Arsenic-bearing mineralization types, were collected and studied. The aim was to determine the influence of mine wastes mineralogy/geochemistry and texture in As mobility and to compare results from sequential chemical extraction and microscopic techniques (optical and electron) at a grain scale. Arsenic in soils is found mainly associated to the residual fraction, indicating that mechanical As dispersion is mainly responsible for As soil pollution. The use of objective microscopic techniques (i.e., Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy -SEM-EDS-, High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy -HR-TEM) has pointed out that the selected sequential extraction method overestimates the role of Mn amorphous oxy-hydroxides and organic matter in As retention while underestimating the mechanism of As adsorption onto clay particle surfaces.

COMPATIBILITY OF 27 CHEMICAL INSECTICIDES WITH BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS VAR. KURSTAKI

1977 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 855-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. N. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bacterial Spores ◽  
Urea Derivative ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Vegetative Cells ◽  
Carbamate Insecticides

AbstractThe compatibility of Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) with 27 chemical insecticides representing organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides, pyrethrins, chlordimeform, urea derivative, and antifeedant were studied by way of their effects on germination of the bacterial spores, replication of vegetative cells and spore staining, and refractive index characteristics.The results showed that: (1) Carbamates were generally more compatible with Bacillus thuringiensis than were the other insecticide groups tested. (2) Technical formulations were less harmful to the bacteria than wettable powders which were less harmful than emulsifiable concentrates. (3) Of the 27 pesticides, those most compatible with B.t. were Orthene®, Dylox®, Lannate®, Sevin®, Zectran®, and Dimilin®. These insecticides are considered recommendable for use in integrated control operations with Bacillus thuringiensis if the target insects are susceptible to them and provided that due regard is given to the environmental implications of their use.

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