scholarly journals Routine Gynaecological Operations Without Blood Transfusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
Fahmida Naz Mustafa ◽  
Nahid Yasmin ◽  
Nasreen Afreen ◽  
Md Nabir Hossain ◽  
Razia Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
P Value ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
Main Outcome Variable ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

Objective : To establish the fact that most of the routine gynaecological operations need no blood transfusion. Method : This was a prospective observational study conducted in Dhaka Medical College Hospital from 15th January, 2011 to 14th April, 2011. Subjects were gynaecological patients admitted for routine operation. Main outcome variable was comparison of postoperative events between patients who received blood transfusion and who did not. Results : 40 gynaecological patients were operated without blood transfusion (Group I ) and 40 patients were taken who were operated with blood transfusion (GroupII ). Among the patients 35% in Group I and 42.5 % patients in Group II had some minor complications (hypotension, fever, wound infection and others) in postoperative period . The p value of of these postoperative complications in Group I is 0.020 and in Group II is 0.047 and r = 0.75 . The difference of pvalue is significant. No patient of any group sufferred from any major comcplication. Conclusion : There was no advantage of transfusing blood in routine gynaecological operation, rather more patients with blood transfusion had some minor postoperative complications. J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 27, No.2, October, 2018, Page 123-126

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF CRYSTALLOIDS AND COLLOIDS AS PRELOADING FLUIDS TO PREVENT HYPOTENSION IN SPINAL ANESTHESIA IN ELECTIVE C-SECTIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Seema Yadav ◽  
Dr. Rajendra Verma
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
P Value ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Keywords Anesthesia ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
American Society

Background: Different crystalloids commonly used in preloading are Ringer lactate, normal saline and colloids that are used in preloading are gelatin, dextran, hetastarch, pentastarch, tetrastarch. This study was aimed to compare the efficacy of both as preloading infusion to prevent hypotension, requirement of vasopressors and requirement of total fluid given during surgery to maintain stable hemodynamics Methods: This randomized control trials was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesia , R.V.R.S. Medical College, Bhilwara.  60 patients between 18- 40 years of age, belonging to American society of anaesthesia grade I or II going for elective caesarian section under spinal anesthesia were screened for the study eligibility criteria Results: In group (I), in 20 females, efficacy was achieved while in 10 females efficacy could not be achieved because of drop in BP. In group (II), in 22 females, efficacy was achieved while in 8 females, efficacy could not be achieved. The difference between both groups was statistically insignificant but there were more females in group II in which efficacy was achieved. (p-value=>0.05) Conclusion: According to this randomized trial we did not find any significant difference between both groups for prevention of hypotension. Keywords: Anesthesia, coload, hypotension, preload, spinal

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Short Term Outcome of Unilateral Urethral Mobilization Compared to Circumferential Urethral Mobilization for the Management of Bulbar Urethral Stricture

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Kartik Chandra Ghosh ◽  
Md Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Md Shafiqul Alam Chowdhury ◽  
Produyt Kumar Saha ◽  
Mohammed Mizanur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urethral Stricture ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Buccal Mucosa ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Urinary Flow Rate ◽  
P Value ◽  
Urinary Flow ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: To evaluate and compare the outcome of buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty of unilateral and circumferential urethral mobilization for the management of bulbar urethral stricture. Methods: Seventy patients having bulbar urethral strictures admitted in the Department of Urology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka between January 2010 to December 2011. Patients were divided into two groups. Group-I, underwent unilateral urethral mobilization, and Group-II, underwent circumferential urethral mobilization for buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty. All patients were followed up at least six months. The statistics used to analyze the data were descriptive statistics, and p value <0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Mean±SD of age in Group-II and Group-I were 41.1±9.2 and 37.4±8.2 years respectively. All the baseline findings were identically distributed between the groups. Comparison of outcome at month 3 showed that peak urinary flow rate increased from their baseline figures, but the increase was significantly more in the unilateral group than that in the circumferential group (21.2±1.2 vs. 18.9±2.0 Qmax, p =< 0.001). After 6 months, evaluation showed that the peak urinary flow rate significantly higher in Group-I, than that in Group-II, (24.2±2.9 vs. 21.9 ± 3.3, p < 0.001). The voided urine volume was also significantly higher in Group-I, than that in Group-II (330.8±50.1 vs. 294.5±46.1 ml, p = 0.004). Consequently, PVR was lower in the former group than that in the latter group (11.6±3.3 vs. 14.1±2.9 ml, p = 0.002). Complications in unilateral urethral mobilization had a significantly lower (20%) than that of circumferential urethral mobilization(45.71%) (p=0.024). Conclusion: Buccal mucosa grafting is a versatile and effective treatment for the anterior urethral stricture, and the outcome is excellent following unilateral urethral mobilization in experienced hands. Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 19, No. 1, Jan 2016 p.32-37

scholarly journals Evaluation of efficacy of bupivacaine and bupivacaine plus clonidine in transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block for postoperative analgesia: a prospective, randomized, double blind, comparative study

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tauqeer Anjum Mir ◽  
Aabid Hussain Mir ◽  
Tantry Tariq Gani ◽  
Abida Yousuf ◽  
Sheikh Irshad Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Analgesia ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tap Block ◽  
Transversus Abdominis Plane ◽  
Rescue Analgesia ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

Background: Pain is the commonest symptom encountered postoperatively and hence multimodal analgesia is tried to overcome it. In this study, we have compared bupivacaine and bupivacaine plus clonidine in transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing lower abdominal surgeries under spinal anaesthesia.Methods: Sixty ASA I and II patients in the age range of 18-60 years undergoing various lower abdominal surgeries were randomly divided into two groups, who were operated after giving spinal block using 2.5 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacine and 25ug of fentanyl. At the end of surgical procedure tranversus abdominis plane (TAP) block was given by giving 25 ml of injection bupivacaine 0.25% in group I and 25 ml of 0.25% of bupivacaine with 1 ug.kg-1 of clonidine in group II. Quality of analgesia was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS), categorical pain scoring system and frequency of rescue analgesia given and duration was assessed with the time at which first rescue analgesia was given. Side effects of clonidine such as sedation, bradycardia and hypotension were also noted. The hemodynamic parameters like heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were noted for both the groups.Results: Demographic characteristics like age, weight, sex, ASA class and type of surgeries were comparable in both groups. SBP, DBP and HR were less in group II than in group I and was statistically significant (p-value<0.05). The overall mean VAS score in group I was 3.03 ± 1.57 and group II was 1.72 ± 1.02 with p-value of 0.0005 and hence better quality of analgesia in group II. Categorical pain scoring system also showed statistically better scores in group II than group I. The duration of analgesia which was calculated by mean time for first rescue analgesia in group I was 6.38 ± 2.56 hours and group II was 14.23 ± 4.63 hours with a p-value of <0.0001 and the difference was statistically significant. The mean number of doses of rescue analgesia in group I for the first 24 hours was 1.37 ± 0.89 and in group II was 0.60 ± 0.62 with a p-value of 0.0003 and the difference was statistically significant. Group II patients showed more sedation scores than group I patients (p-value <0.05). None of the patients had any episode of bradycardia or hypotension.Conclusions: Addition of clonidine 1 ug.kg-1 to 25 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine compared to 25 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine alone in tranverse abdominis plane (TAP) block improves quality of analgesia, increases duration of postoperative analgesia and decreases postoperative analgesic requirements with minimal side effects.

Frequency of Post Dural Puncture Headache with Quincke 25g and Quincke 27g Spinal Needle after Spinal Anaesthesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3116-3118
Author(s):  
Gulsher . ◽  
Riffat Zahid ◽  
Syed Mehmood Ali ◽  
Muhammad Naveed Shahzad ◽  
Amer Latif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Dural Puncture ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Post Dural Puncture Headache ◽  
Group I ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

Objective: To compare the frequency of post dural puncture headache with Quincke 25G and Quincke 27G of spinal needles for spinal anesthesia. Design of the Study: It’s a Randomized control trial. Study Settings: This study was carried out Department of anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore from 29-08-2020 to 01-03-2021. Material and Methods: In this prospective study 100 patients were enrolled who were decided to undergo spinal anesthesia. Two groups were made by randomization. In patients of group I, anesthesia was administered by using 25G quincke needle while 27G quincke needle was used for patients in group II. Evaluation of patients was with regard to development of postoperative PDPH within 3-days. Groups were compared by using Chi-square test and a P-value<0.05 was taken statistically significant. Results of the Study: PDHD was seen in 14 (28%) patients in group I and in 4 (8%) patients in group II. Statistically, the difference between the two groups was significant (p<0.05).. Conclusion: Due to less frequency of PDPH with 27G needle, it should be given preference for applying spinal anesthesia over 25G needle. Keywords: Spinal anesthesia, post dural puncture headache; quincle needle.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Fetomaternal Outcome after Lower Uterine Segment Caesarean Section and Vaginal Delivery in Eclamptic Patient

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Monika Khandoker ◽  
Swapna Biswas Joy ◽  
Sanjoy Kumar Das ◽  
Ananta Kumar Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Lower Uterine Segment ◽  
Electrolyte Imbalance ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

Eclampsia has a high prevalence in our country with a high mortality rate. Eclampsia is uniquely a disease of pregnancy and regardless of gestational age. It is recognized that termination of pregnancy is the only definitive care of pathophysiological event in eclampsia. This study was done to observe fetomaternal outcome in Lower Uterine Segment Caesarean Section (LUCS) and vaginal delivery in eclamptic patient. This cross sectional analytical study was carried out in eclampsia department of Obst and Gyane in Dhaka Medical College Hospital from July 2016 to June 2018. A uniform protocol was followed in all cases to have appropriate history, physical findings and laboratory investigations. In this study 98.0% patients were conscious on admission in group I and 96.0% in group II. This study showed significant difference in recurrence of convulsion after delivery between two groups. Recurrence of convulsion was 30% in vaginal delivery group and 6% in the cesarean section group. Total complications were found in 46.0% and 16.0% patients in group I and group II respectively in this study. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups. In this study PPH was the most common complication in both the groups. Abruptio placenta was found more common among the vaginal delivery group. On the other hand, electrolyte imbalance was found more in cesarean section group. Maternal death was only 2% and 1% in group I and group II respectively. In this study live birth was found 64.0% and 79% in group I and group II respectively. Asphyxia was more in neonates in group I than group II which was statistically significant. Referral of asphyxiated babies to NICU was found 63.0% and 56.0% in group I and II respectively. The difference was statistically not significant between two groups. Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2020;15(1): 16-20

Evaluating the Effect of Probiotic Containing Milk on Salivary mutans streptococci Levels

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Juneja ◽  
A Kakade
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Mutans Streptococci ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group I ◽  
Probiotic Lactobacillus ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

Purpose: To evaluate the changes in mutans streptococci counts in saliva after short term probiotic intervention and its delayed effects on salivary mutans streptococci count. Methods: 40 children in the age group of 12-15 years with medium to high caries activity were randomly divided into Group I Control (plain milk group) and Group II Experimental (probiotic supplemented milk group). Duration of the study was 9 weeks; which was evenly divided into three phases: baseline, intervention and post-treatment period; each phase consisting of three weeks. After baseline period of 3 weeks, children in group I were given plain milk and in group II milk containing probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus hct 70 for 3 weeks; followed by a 3 weeks follow up period. After every phase saliva samples were collected to estimate salivary mutans streptococci counts. Results: The difference in the post follow up mutans streptococci count of group I and group II, was highly significant with p value &lt; 0.001. In the control group, the difference in the mean salivary baseline, post treatment and post follow up mutans streptococci counts was not statistically significant (p = 0.001). In the experimental probiotic group, the difference in mean salivary baseline, post treatment and post follow up mutans streptococci counts was statistically highly significant ( p = 0.000, p ≤ 0.001). Conclusions: Statistically significant reduction in salivary mutans streptococci counts immediately after consumption of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus hct 70 containing milk suggest a beneficial effect of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus hct 70 in the prevention of dental caries.

scholarly journals Antegrade Percutaneous Versus Retrograde Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy in Upper Ureteric Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
A. Nischal Prasad ◽  
Prasad PVGS
Keyword(s):  
Operative Time ◽  
Stone Size ◽  
Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy ◽  
Stone Clearance ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Ureteric Calculus ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

Background: The technical advancements in urology have profoundly changed the management of upper ureteric calculus. The present study compared antegrade percutaneous versus retrograde ureteroscopic lithotripsy in upper ureteric cases. Subjects and Methods: The present study was conducted at NRI Medical College & Hospital, Chinakakani, Mangalagiri Mandal, Andhra Pradesh from May 2013 to April 2014  on 60 patients with upper ureteric stones of both genders. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group I patients were treated with antegrade percutaneous and group II with retrograde ureterolithotripsy. Outcome in both groups was recorded and compared. Results: The mean anesthetic time in group I was 82.4 minutes and in group II was 73.1 minutes, operative time was 45.2 minutes in group I and 58.4 minutes in group II, post- operative stay in group I was 2.6 days and in group II was 1.7 days, stone clearance was seen in 26 patients in group I and 22 in group II. Mean stone size in group I was 1.89 cm and in group II was 1.49 cm. Follow ups days were 71.2 in group I and 83.4 in group II. Clavien-Dindo categorization grade 0 was seen in 16 in group I and 13 in group II, grade 1 in 10 in group I and 12 in group II and grade 2 in 4 in group I and 5 in group II. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). There were 4 and 5 patients in group I and group II with post- operative complications (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Authors found that antegrade percutaneous has better stone clearance rates as compared to retrograde ureterolithotripsy for an upper ureteric calculus.

Influence of ultrasonic excitation on microhardness of glass ionomer cement

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 587-592
Author(s):  
Navara Tanweer ◽  
Rizwan Jouhar ◽  
Muhammad Adeel Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Glass Particle ◽  
P Value ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ionomer Cement

BACKGROUND: Numerous researchers have attempted to improve the mechanical properties of glass ionomer cement since 1972. In this study, ultrasonic curing treatment was introduced during the mixing of glass ionomer cement (GC Fuji IX) to facilitate intimate mixing, compaction and adaptation of residual glass particle which consequently improves densification of the material. OBJECTIVE: To assess the influence of ultrasonic treatment on the microhardness of glass ionomer cement (GC Fuji IX) and compare it with the conventionally cured method. METHODS: A total of 40 specimens (2 × 2 mm) were fabricated and equally divided into two groups: Group I (conventional curing method) and Group II (ultrasonically cured). For Group II, an ultrasonic scaler was used which provides energy to ensure proper mixing of material without leaving any air bubbles or unmixed particles. Vicker’s hardness test was employed to generate the average microhardness values by making three indentations at different points on each specimen. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 17 was used, employing independent samples T test to compare the difference in microhardness values between two curing groups. RESULTS: The average surface hardness value for conventional cured GIC was 62.21 ± 13.61 while ultrasonically cured GIC exhibited a higher mean microhardness value of 66.37 ± 12.83. Additionally, the average microhardness values produced by the two groups showed statistically significant differences (p value < 0.035). CONCLUSION: Ultrasonic excitation treatment leads to intimate mixing and accelerated hardening of glass ionomer cement thereby enhancing its microhardness and reducing early weakness.

scholarly journals A randomised controlled trial to compare the efficacy of preinduction with mifepristone 12 hours versus 24 hours prior for second trimister pregnancy termination

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3628
Author(s):  
Neelamma Girish Patil ◽  
Priyanka Gupta ◽  
Megha D. Hittinhalli ◽  
Subhaschandra R. Mudanur ◽  
Manpreet Kaur J. Tehalia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Termination ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
P Value ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
Second Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Background: Since the second trimester termination of pregnancy is on rise due to the detection of anomalies, this study aims to provide a safe regimen with respect to efficacy, side effects and acceptability for second trimester pregnancy termination.Methods: It is a randomized controlled trial, conducted on 48 cases at BLDE Medical college, Vijayapur, Karnataka. They were divided into two groups; all patients were given mifepristone 200mg orally followed by misoprostol 400mcg vaginally after 12 hours in group I and 24 hours in group II respectively. Subsequent doses were decided depending on the Bishops score. Results were analyzed in terms of induction-abortion interval and dosage of misoprostol.Results: The mean induction abortion interval was 563.9 minutes (9.3hrs) in group I and 714.6 minutes (11.9hrs) in group II; but was statistically not significant (p value 0.611) The total dose of misoprostol used was 783.3mcg in group I compared to 550mcg in group II, but was statistically not significant. The success rate was 100% in both the groups as none of them had incomplete abortion. There were no cases of uterine rupture, infection, need for check curettage and laparotomy.Conclusions: Our study proves that the interval between mifepristone and misoprostol can be safely reduced to 12 hours without affecting the efficacy. But in gestational age <16 weeks and primigravida 24 hours interval may be of benefit. Both the regimens were 100% successful.

scholarly journals Impact of Antenatal Care (ANC) on Perinatal Asphyxia.

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-36
Author(s):  
Anita Sarker ◽  
Iffat Ara Shamsad ◽  
Najnin Umme Zakia ◽  
Khyrun Nahar ◽  
Sabiha Shimul
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Control Study

Antenatal care (ANC) is very important for all women for their own health and their neonates. This study was done to observe the impact of antenatal care on perinatal asphyxia. This case-control study was conducted at Neonatology Department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from July 2014 to December 2014. Fifty neonates with perinatal asphyxia (Group I) and fifty neonates without perinatal asphyxia (Group II) were selected as study subjects. After selection, informed written consent was taken. Then data were collected by face to face interview of the mother. The mean age of neonates was 49.0±72.1 hours in group I and 55.8±63.9 hours in group II. Majority (80.0%) of the neonates had birth weight 2.5- 4.0 kg in group I and only 22(44.0%) neonates had birth weight 2.5-4.0 kg in group II. Almost half (48.7%) of the mothers received antenatal check-up at UHC/FWC/MCWC in group I and 20(41.7%) in group II. It was observed that 19(38.0%) mothers received antenatal care from untrained Dai in group I and 42(84.0%) in group II. Only 30.0% of the mothers received adequate antenatal check-up in group I and 68.0% in group II. Mothers having baby with perinatal asphyxia received significantly less number of ANC. Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2019;14(1): 34-36

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