scholarly journals Evaluation of Milk Urea Nitrogen of Dairy Cows Reared Under Different Feed Bases in the Different Seasons

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 97-110
Author(s):  
MA Baset ◽  
KS Huque ◽  
NR Sarker ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
MN Islam
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Management Condition ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Base Management ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk ◽  
Crossbred Cow

Ten cows, each of native (local cow) and crossbred (local × crossbred) origins differing in lactation yield were used in 2×2×2×2 factorial experiment using RBD to evaluate existing milk urea nitrogen (MUN) of cows considering regions and seasons. The live weight and BCS of cows under good feed base management condition was higher than of the poor feed base management condition. Feed intake of cows under good and feed base management condition was significantly (P<0.01) higher than of the intake of cows under poor feed base condition. Daily dry matter intake (DMI) of cows under good and poor feed base condition was 8.53 and 5.40 kg, respectively. Daily ME intake of cows under good and poor feed base management condition were 70.23 and 40.20 MJ, respectively. The requirements of ME (ARC, 1994) were 83.3 and 51.7 MJ, respectively. The intake of CP, RDP and UDP were 839.0, 488.5 and 350.9 g/d, respectively in good feed base and 386.0, 166.0 and 220.0 g/d, respectively in poor feed base region. The daily protein intake as live weight and milk production in good and poor feed base management condition were significantly (P<0.01) lower (-270.0 and -164.5 g, respectively) than the requirement (ARC, 1994). The daily RDP intake were significantly (P<0.01) lower than the requirement (ARC, 1994). Daily milk yield and 4% FCM of cows under good feed base condition were 6.76 and 6.49 kg, respectively and under poor feed base condition were 3.67 and 3.31 kg, respectively, which differed significantly (P<0.01). The milk protein, lactose, SNF, minerals and total solids under good feed base condition were 3.79, 5.49, 10.09, 0.63 and 14.06%, respectively and under poor feed base condition were 3.63, 5.29, 9.80, 0.61 and 13.52, respectively, which were significantly (P<0.01) influenced by feed base. MUN and BUN under good feed base condition were found 38.86 and 40.98 mg/dl, respectively and under poor feed base condition 28.55 and 33.13 mg/dl, respectively, and this difference between the two areas were statistically significant (P<0.01). The live weight of cow was 284.0 kg in the dry season and in the winter season 282.3 kg which did not differ significantly (P>0.05). Intake of CP and RDP in dry season was found 664 and 358.5 g/d, respectively and in the wet season it was 561 and 296 g/d, respectively, which differed significantly (P<0.01). BUN and MUN in dry season were 37.35 and 36.79 mg/dl, respectively and in wet season 36.75 and 36.87 mg/dl, respectively. The live weight and BCS of crossbred cows was higher than that of the local cows. The live weight and BCS of crossbred cow were 318.8 kg & 2.85, respectively and of local cow were 247.5 kg & 2.34, respectively, which was significantly (P<0.01) higher than local cow. The daily DMI of local cow was 5.75 kg and crossbred cow was 8.17 kg, which differed significantly (P<0.01). Daily ME intake of crossbred cow (64.82 MJ) was significantly (P<0.01) higher than local cow (45.60 MJ), which were lowered compared to the requirement as per ARC (1994). Daily CP, RDP and UDP intake of crossbred cow were 708, 378 and 330 g, respectively and of local cow were 517, 276 and 240 g, respectively; which differed significantly (P<0.01). Daily milk yield and 4%FCM of local cows were 3.26 and 3.28 kg, respectively and of crossbred cows were 7.18 and 6.52 kg, respectively, which differed significantly (P<0.01). The milk protein of local cow was 3.73 % and of crossbred was 3.70 %, which differed significantly (P<0.01). The MUN and BUN of the local cow were 31.97 and 34.94 mg/dl, respectively and of crossbred cows were 35.44 and 39.17 mg/dl, respectively, which were statistically significant (P<0.01). It may be concluded that the MUN depends on plane of nutrition of cows, seasons and their genotypes but stages of lactation may not be affect its level in milk. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v8i1-2.14632 J. Sci. Foundation, 8(1&2): 97-110, June-December 2010

scholarly journals REPRODUCTIVE CAPACITY, HEALTH AND DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY OF CROSSBREED COWS

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Admin ◽  
Natalia Admina ◽  
Irina Filipenko
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
The Third ◽  
Holstein Bulls ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Breed ◽  
Daily Milk

The article reveals the results of reproductive capacity studies, health and average daily milk yield of first-born cows of the Ukrainian Black-Spotted dairy breed, got from Montbeliarde and Holstein breeding bulls in SE “Kutuzivka”, Kharkiv region. It was found that the age of first fertilization in heifers obtained from bulls of different breeds did not differ and averaged 14.0 months. At the same time, the live weight of daughters obtained from Montbeliarde bulls during the first insemination was 10.9 kg higher than that of daughters obtained from Holstein bulls, which indicates a higher intensity of growth of crossbred heifers. Animals of both breeds had the same age of the first calving (23.0 months), but the live weight of the first-born cows differed significantly. Daughters obtained from Montbeliarde bulls had a live weight 27.3 kg higher than their counterparts obtained from Holstein bulls (P> 0.95). According to the results of studying the safety of daughters of bulls of different breeds, it was found that in the first month of lactation in the herd remained 4 % more crossbred cows than their peers obtained from Holstein bulls, in the second - by 7 %, in the third - by 9 % by 10 % (P> 0.9) and with each month of lactation this percentage increased. Also, crossbred heifers came better in sexual hunting. The average daily milk yield of daughters of Montbeliarde bulls in the first two months of lactation was 2.1 kg and 0.6 kg higher than their counterparts. In the fourth month of lactation, the average daily yield of first-born cows obtained from Holstein bulls increased by 2.8 kg compared with crossbred counterparts (P> 0.95) and further the trend of preference for daily milk yield of first-born daughters of Holstein bulls remained.

scholarly journals Effects of herd, season and days in milk on milk urea nitrogen of crossbred dairy cows in Sylhet

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-292
Author(s):  
Nusrat Zahan Shoshe ◽  
Md Abdul Baset ◽  
Md Tariqul Islam ◽  
Shiekh MA Matin ◽  
Md Abdullah Al Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk ◽  
Milk Urea Nitrogen

The study included 724 crossbred cows (Local × Holstein Friesian) from 9 dairy farms of Sylhet district from July 2013 to June 2014 to determine the effect of herd, season, and days in milk in milk urea nitrogen and the effect of milk production and composition on milk urea nitrogen. According to the season, milk samples were divided into two groups: wet season (June - October) and dry season (November - February). Days in milk (DIM) were grouped into two lactation stages: Lactation 1 (?100 days in milk) and Lactation 2 (?100 days in milk). Milk urea nitrogen was grouped into five categories by increments of 5 mg/dl, started with those less than 10 mg/dl and finishing with concentration greater than 25 mg/dl. The daily milk yield was 6.78 kg ranged from 2.00 to 18.00 kg. The mean of milk urea nitrogen (MUN) concentration was 14.58 mg/dl. Mean values for milk fat and protein contents were 3.74 % and 3.72 %. Among the 9 herds, the highest content of milk urea (MU) was 16.37 mg/dl which was found in herd 2 and the second highest estimation of MU content were in herd 1, 3, 6 and 9 (15.58, 15.51, 15.12 and 14.45 mg/dl, respectively). In the district of Sylhet, the lowest MU content was estimated in herd 4, 5, 7 and 8 (13.59, 13.48, 13.16 and 13.60 mg/dl, respectively). Difference of MUN concentration was not significant between the dry and wet season. The MUN concentrations were 14.82 mg/dl and 14.90 mg/dl in dry and wet season respectively. The concentration of MUN in Lactation 1 was 13.61 mg/dl and in Lactation 2 was 16.26 mg/dl. Milk fat (%) were 3.56, 3.77, 3.64, 4.15 and 3.66 when MUN concentration were ?10.00, 10.01- 15.00, 15.01-20.00, 20.01-25.00 and ?24.01 mg/dl respectively. Daily milk yield did not increase with the increase of MUN concentration. Milk yield were 6.37, 7.21, 6.23, 7.31 and 7.00 Kg/d while MUN concentration were ?10.00, 10.01-15.00, 15.01-20.00, 20.01-25.00 and ?25.01 mg/dl. It may be concluded that herd category and lactation stage influence the milk urea nitrogen concentration of crossbred dairy cows in the Sylhet district.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.2(2): 287-292, August 2015

Effect of Bypass Protein on Milk Production and Economic of Lactating Crossbred Cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
RATNESH K CHOUDHARY ◽  
A Saran ROY ◽  
N K SINGH3 ◽  
SANJAY KUMAR ◽  
RAUSHAN K SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Daily Milk

An On-Farm Trial was conducted on 24 lactating crossbred cows for assessment of feeding formaldehyde treated mustard cake (bypass protein) on milk production and economic analysis of lactating cow. Cows were divided into three groups having 8 cows each, treatments were farmers’ practice (FP); (Control): The lactating animals under this group were fedas per the feeding schedule of the farmers (5 kg. dry roughage as rice straw + 6 hrs grazing as local grass and 4 kg. commercial concentrates), T1: The lactating animals under this group were fed as per farmers practicewith 12% mustard cake of total diet was provided to the cow by replacing the same amount of commercial concentrates andT2: The lactating animals under this group were fed as per farmers practicewith 12% formaldehyde treated mustard cake of total diet was provided to the cow by replacing same amount of commercial concentrates. The average daily milk yield of lactating cows under FP, T1 and T2 was 8.58, 8.82 and 9.85 kg per cow, respectively. Differences between FP and T2 were significant. The daily increase in milk yield was 1.27 kg and 1.03 kg in cows fed T2diet over the cows fed FP and T1diet, respectively. The B: C ratios for FP, T1 and T2 groups were 2.6, 3.0 and 3.3, respectively. The feed cost reduced in T2 group by Rs. 8.64 and increased milk production by 1.27 kg in respect to FP group.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the milk urea content in relation to milk production and composition in dairy cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-285
Author(s):  
Petra Timkovičová Lacková ◽  
Iveta Maskaľová ◽  
Vladimír Vajda
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Urea Content ◽  
Milk Components ◽  
Metabolic Transformation ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

The aim of this study was to evaluate the milk urea content along with the dynamics of lactation and milk components in production dependency in Holstein dairy cows. Evaluation of daily milk yield in relation to milk urea presented a positive regression dependency, which was the strongest in early lactation (r = 0.860; P < 0.001), decreasing in mid lactation (r = 0.329; P < 0.001) and late lactation (r = 0.261; P < 0.001). Evaluation of milk protein in relation to milk urea showed a negative regression dependency, which was the strongest in early lactation (r = -0.850; P < 0.001), decreasing in mid lactation (r = -0.819; P < 0.001) and late lactation (r = -0.679; P < 0.001). The somatic cell counts in relation to milk urea confirmed a negative regression dependency in early lactation (r = -0.635; P < 0.05) and mid lactation (r = -0.818; P < 0.05), but no significance was found in late lactation. The results of the study confirm the influence of production factors (milk quantity and milk components) on the milk urea content. Dependencies found between the production, milk components and milk urea are applicable for the evaluation of protein nutrition and metabolic transformation of nutrients in dairy cows.

Compensatory growth in mashona steers of two ages grazing natural pasture in zimbabwe

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 ◽  
pp. 105-105
Author(s):  
B. Manyuchi ◽  
T. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cottonseed Meal ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Natural Pasture

Cattle not fed a supplement on dry season grazing lose weight. The magnitude of this loss and the extent of recovery during the subsequent wet season were measured in Mashona steers.Mashona steers aged 8 and 20 months at the outset (groups A and B respectively) were used. Within each group (n = 50) steers were fed cottonseed meal (CSM, 250g per 100kg live-weight) or not fed CSM during the dry season.

Seasonal patterns of energy allocation to basal metabolism, activity and production for livestock in a nomadic pastoral ecosystem

1986 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Coppock ◽  
D. M. Swift ◽  
J. E. Ellis ◽  
K. Galvin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Basal Metabolism ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Annual Basis

SummaryEnergy budgets and estimates of forage intake requirements were developed for adult camels, cattle, sheep, and goats managed by nomads in the arid Turkana District of north-western Kenya. The estimates were developed by combining our field data on livestock activity patterns, diet quality, weight changes and milk yields with literature based estimates of the associated costs and efficiencies. On an annual basis, the average animal walked 17 km/day and had a total metabolizable energy (ME) allocation of 47% for basal metabolism, 16% for travel, 14% for other activities, and 23% for production. Season and species influenced patterns of energy demand and allocation. Average daily ME requirements ranged from 8·7 MJ (sheep) to 76·7 MJ (camels). ME demand for all species peaked during wet (April-May) or early-to mid-dry periods (June-October), and decreased considerably in the late-dry season (November-March). In the wet season the average sheep or goat allocated 45% of its ME budget to production of milk and gain, followed by cattle (36%) and camels (25%). All species were more similar in ME allocation for production during the late-dry season (7–13%; all to lactation), yet patterns of weight loss during this time indicated that camels experienced the lowest degree of negative energy balance. On an annual basis, camel budgets were the most deviant, as they allocated relatively more ME to activity and relatively less to basal metabolism or weight gain. Estimates of forage dry-matter intakes (per unit live weight per day) ranged from 3·8% (cattle, camels) to 4·6% (sheep, goats) throughout the year, and intakes declined for most species by an average of 50% from the wet to late-dry intervals. This approach has revealed ecological differences among livestock species that help explain the utility of multi-species holdings in this system.

Effect of body condition and pasture type on herbage intake, performance during lactation and subsequent ovulation rate in Scottish Blackface ewes

1981 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Doney ◽  
R. G. Gunn ◽  
J. N. Peart ◽  
W. F. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Herbage Intake ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

ABSTRACTScottish Blackface ewes in uniform, good, body condition at mating were differentially fed during pregnancy, such that two groups lost 0·15 to 0·20 (groups A and B) and one group gained 0·05 (group C) of maternal live weight by lambing time. The treatments had little effect on the number of lambs born per ewe lambing (1·39, 1·46 and 148 respectively).Prior to parturition, group A was transferred to a poor hill pasture, and groups B and C to an improved upland reseeded pasture. Herbage intake by six single- and six twin-suckling ewes from each group was estimated in the 3rd, 6th and 8th week after parturition, and mean daily milk production was estimated on 1 day following each intake measurement period. Herbage intake by six dry ewes in each of groups A and B was also estimated.There were significant differences amongst groups A, B and C, respectively, in mean organic matter digestibility of the herbage consumed (0·701, 0·771 and 0·773), mean daily digestible organic-matter intake (1·06, 1·46 and 1·46kg), mean live-weight change over the period ( –2·9, +5·4 and +l·3kg) and mean daily milk yield (0·64, 1·93 and 1·95 kg).By the following mating time, after grazing the same pasture from weaning, there was still a difference in body condition score according to pasture type during lactation (2·08, 2·36 and 2·29, respectively). Ovulation rate measured after mating was consistent with the direct effect of body condition (1·34, 1·56 and 1·52, respectively).

Effect of pre and post-natal nutrition on the performances of ewes and lambs under semi intensive rearing system

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
S Ahmed ◽  
MRH Rakib ◽  
M Yesmin ◽  
M Ershaduzamman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

The study was conducted to know the effect of different levels of pre and post-natal nutrition on the performances of ewes and their lambs until 1 year of age and the profitable slaughter age of lambs under semi intensive system. Twenty eight (28) native Bengal ewes at 7 weeks of gestation were randomly assigned to four groups (T0, T1, T2, T3) and supplemented with a concentrate mixture at 0.0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0% of their body weight respectively. Ewes were allowed to graze 8 hours daily. Creep mixture (20 g/lamb/day) was provided to lambs from 2 weeks age with an increment of 10 g/lamb/week. After weaning, 20 growing male lambs were selected and reared 01 year of age with concentrate mixture at 1.5% of their body weight and 8 hours grazing irrespective of treatment groups. Parameters like, ewe’s litter size, daily milk yield, post-partum heat and lamb’s birth weight, weaning weight, live weight at 06, 09 and 12 months were recorded. The data were analyzed in an ANOVA with CRD by using SPSS v. 20. The mean differences were tested by DMRT at a probability level of P<0.05. After weaning, the lamb growths were analyzed considering age as fixed factor. Regression correlations among different parameters with different ages were also performed. Significantly higher daily milk yield (P<0.01), weaning weight (P<0.05) and daily weight gain of lamb until weaning (P<0.05) were observed in T2 group. Besides, lambs weight at 06, 09, and 12 months differ significantly (P<0.01) along with corresponding daily weight gain (P<0.05). Lambs daily weight gain did not differ significantly from weaning to 09 months of age but significantly reduced (P<0.05) from 09 to 12months age. Finally, it may be concluded that a concentrate diet containing 20% CP during late pregnancy to lactation should be supplied to obtain maximum performances of ewes and their lambs. Besides, native Bengal lamb would be slaughtered between 06 to 09 months of age to get maximum return. Bang. J. Livs. Res. Vol. 26 (1&2), 2019: P. 43-50

scholarly journals Effects of lactation number and different stage of lactation on milk yield of Indigenous and Crossbred cows in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
S Ahmad ◽  
FMA Hossain ◽  
N Islam
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

A total of 54 samples were collected from 18 milking cows from which nine were indigenous and nine were crossbred to evaluate the effects of different lactation number and different stage of lactation on the milk yield. The average daily milk yield of indigenous and crossbred cows at 1st, 2nd and 3rd lactation were 1.311, 1.633, 2.072 and 8.917, 9.567, 10.167 liter/day/cow respectively and represented the significant difference (p<0.01) within the daily milk yield of different lactations. Milk yield increased gradually from 1st to 3rd lactation. The highest milk yield was recorded in 3rd lactation and lowest was in 1st. The mean milk yield of indigenous and crossbred cows at early, middle & later stages of lactations were 1.617, 2.094, 1.306 and 9.389, 10.222, 9.039 liter/cow/day respectively that revealed stages of lactation had significant effect (p<0.01) on milk yield per day. It was observed that milk yield decreased after 2nd stage of lactation and decreased linearly up to the end of lactation. The highest milk yield was recorded in 2nd stage of lactation and lowest was in 3rd stage of lactation. The overall milk production in different lactation for indigenous cows was 1.672 liter/day and for crossbred cows was 9.550 liter/day that may be concluded as crossbred cows are superior to indigenous in concern of milk yield.Keywords: Indigenous cows; crossbred cows; lactation number; stage of lactation; milk yield.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijns.v1i1.8614 International Journal of Natural Sciences (2011), 1(1):31-34 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document