scholarly journals In Vitro Cytotoxic and Anthelmintic Activities of Leonurus sibiricus L.

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 721-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Saha ◽  
F.M.S.N. Ul Bari ◽  
M. A. Rahman ◽  
M. A. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Vincristine Sulphate ◽  
The Family ◽  
Leonurus Sibiricus ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
Soluble Fractions

This study investigated the cytotoxic and anthelmintic activities of Leonurus sibiricus L. (commonly known as Raktodrone in Bangladesh) belonging to the family Labiatae. The dried leaves and roots of L. sibiricus were extracted with methanol and fractionated by modified Kupchan method. The crude methanolic extracts as well as its soluble fractions of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and chloroform were screened for cytotoxic activity using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. They were found to possess significant cytotoxic activities. The LC50 values of crude extract of leaves and its pet-ether, ethyl acetate and chloroform soluble fractions were 1.0, 2.0, 2.11 and1.33 µg/ml, respectively. On the other hand, the LC50 of crude methanolic extract of roots and fractions of pet-ether, ethyl acetate and chloroform were 2.0µg/ml, 2.81 µg/ml, 3.55 µg/ml and 7.58µg/ml, respectively. Vincristine sulphate was used as positive control. The crude methanol extract of leaves and roots also showed very good anthelmintic activities as determined against the earthworms, Pheretima posthuma. The study confirms the moderate anthelmintic and potent cytotoxic activities of leaf and root extracts of L. sibiricus.© 2012 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v4i3.9998 J. Sci. Res. 4 (3), 721-727 (2012)

In Vitro and In Vivo Neutralizing Activity of Uvaria chamae Leaves Fractions on the Venom of Naja nigricollis in Albino Rat and Bovine Blood

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-311
Author(s):  
Ada Gabriel ◽  
Mamman Mohammed ◽  
Mohammed G. Magaji ◽  
Yusuf P. Ofemile ◽  
Ameh P. Matthew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Haemolytic Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Aqueous Residue

Background: Snakebite envenomation is a global priority ranked top among other neglected tropical diseases. There is a folkloric claim that Uvaria chamae is beneficial for the management of snakebite and wounds in African ethnobotanical surveys. Besides, there are many registered patents asserting the health benefits of U. chamae. Objective: This study aimed to investigate U. chamae’s potentials and identify candidates for the development of tools for the treatment and management of N. nigricollis envenomation. Methods: Freshly collected U. chamae leaves were air-dried, powdered, and extracted in methanol. The median lethal dose of the extract was determined and further fractionated with n-hexane, n-butanol and ethyl acetate. Each fraction was tested for neutralizing effect against venom-induced haemolytic, fibrinolytic, hemorrhagic, and cytotoxic activities. Results: U. chamae fractions significantly (p<0.05) neutralized the haemolytic activity of N. nigricollis venom in n-butanol; 31.40%, n-hexane; 33%, aqueous residue; 39.60% and ethyl acetate; 40.70% at the concentration of 100mg/ml of each fraction against 10mg/ml of the snake venom when compared to the positive control. The fibrinolytic activity of N. nigricollis venom was significantly (p<0.05) neutralized in n-hexane at 73.88%, n-butanol; 72.22% and aqueous residue; 72.22% by the fractions of U. chamae. In addition, haemorrhagic activity of N. nigricollis venom was significantly (p<0.05) neutralized by U. chamae fractions at the concentrations of 100mg/ml, 200mg/ml and 400mg/ml except for n-butanol and aqueous residues at 400 mg/ml. Conclusion: U. chamae leaves fractions possess a high level of protection against N. nigricollis venoms-induced lethality and thus validate the pharmacological rationale for its usage in the management of N. nigricollis envenomation.

scholarly journals Screening of antimicrobial potential and brine shrimp lethality bioassay of the whole plant extract of Spilanthes paniculata Wall. ex DC

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Rokeya Siddiqui ◽  
Md Masud Alam ◽  
Mohammad Ruhul Amin ◽  
AFM Shahid Ud Daula ◽  
MM Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Vincristine Sulphate ◽  
Soluble Fractions

Bangladesh possesses a rich flora of medicinal plant. Out of the estimated 5000 species of phanerogams and pteridophytes growing in this country, more than a thousand are regarded as having medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity and brine shrimp lethality of the whole plant extracts of Spilanthes paniculata, a plant belonging to the family Asteraceae. The crude extract, n-Hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fraction of crude extract showed significant to moderate antimicrobial activity against three Gram positive and three Gram negative microorganisms. The zones of inhibition produced by the crude extract (methanolic extract), n-hexane, choloform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions were found to be 14.89 mm-19.40 mm, 14 mm-19.40 mm, 10.66 mm-13.50 mm and 9.50 mm-13.26 mm, consecutively at a concentration of 30 µg/disc. N-Hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of methanolic extract of Spilanthes paniculata were screened for antitumor properties using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. From the results of the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, it can be well predicted that n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of methanolic extract possess mild cytotoxicity on shrimp naupalii. The median lethal concentration (LC50, the concentration at which 50% mortality of brine shrimp nauplii occurred) of n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate were 48.978 mg/ml, 92.61 mg/ml and 216.770 mg/ml, respectively, comparison with positive control vincristine sulphate with 0.839 mg/ml. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sjm.v3i1.22743 Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.3(1) 2013: 1-5

scholarly journals The Antimicrobial activity and Brine Shrimp Lethality Bioassay of Leaf extracts of Stephania japonica (Akanadi)

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahman M Minhajur ◽  
M Masud Alam ◽  
A F M Shahid Ud Daula ◽  
Mohammad Shahriar ◽  
Md Mizanur Rahman Moghal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Vincristine Sulphate ◽  
Soluble Fractions

The purpose of the present study is to examine the antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of methanol extract of leaves of Stephania japonica. The crude methanolic extract of S. japonica, n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of methanolic extract were screened for their antimicrobial activity against a wide range of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by disc diffusion method. The crude extract showed moderate and n-Hexane, chloroform soluble fraction of crude extract showed mild antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the extract showed significant antimicrobial activity against Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus. The zones of inhibition produced by the crude methanolic extract, n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions were found to be 12.80-16.55 mm, 12.60 mm, 5-14.30 mm and 10-20.25 mm, respectively, at a concentration of 30 g/disc. Chloroform, n-hexane and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of methanolic extract of S. japonica were screened for antitumor properties using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. A reputed cytotoxic agent vincristine sulphate was used as a positive control. From the results of the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, it can be well predicted that chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of methanolic extract of S. japonica possess cytotoxic principles (with LC50 66.488 mg/ml and LC50 45.662 mg/ml, respectively) comparison with positive control vincristine sulphate (with LC50 0.839 mg/ml). But n-hexane soluble fractions of methanolic extract of S. japonica exhibited no lethality effect on shrimp nauplii. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v28i2.11816 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 28, Number 2, December 2011, pp 52-56

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities andIn VitroAnti-Inflammatory (Membrane Stability) Properties of Methanolic Extracts ofGardenia coronariaLeaves

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Chowdhury ◽  
Shofiul Azam ◽  
Mohammed Abdullah Jainul ◽  
Kazi Omar Faruq ◽  
Atiqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Membrane Stability ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Shigella Boydii ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
The Family ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

This work is carried out withGardenia coronarialeaves that belong to the family Rubiaceae, which is a small-to-medium-sized but tall, deciduous tree, 7.6–9 m high on an average. Leaves are used for the treatment of rheumatic pain and bronchitis. The leaf of the plant consists of coronalolide, coronalolic acid, coronalolide methyl ester, ethyl coronalolate acetate triterpenes (secocycloartanes), and so forth. Methanol extract from the leaves ofGardenia coronariawas completely screened for membrane stability and antibacterial activity. The lower concentrations of Methanolic leaf extract ofGardenia coronariagave good antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity, but higher concentrations gave relatively more projecting antibacterial activityin vitroas compared with Kanamycin. The crude drug’s anti-inflammatory effects were compared with those of Aspirin as positive control. The Methanolic extracts ofGardenia coronarialeaves possessed a broad spectrum antibacterial activity against a variety of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms likeStreptococcus agalactiae,Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Bacillus cereus,Shigella sonnei,Shigella boydii, andProteus mirabilis, with a zone of inhibition from 10 to 16 mm. The extract also showed good membrane stability to be considered as having significant anti-inflammatory action.

scholarly journals Studies on the Antimicrobial Activity and Brine Shrimp Toxicity of the Leaves Extract of Ageratum Conyzoides

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
AFM Shahid Ud Daula ◽  
Rokeya Siddiqui ◽  
Md Masud Alam ◽  
Md Abul Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Vincristine Sulphate ◽  
Soluble Fractions

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of the leaves extracts of Ageratum conyzoides L. Ageratum conyzoides has been utilized for the treatment of various ailments. The crude methanolic extract of Ageratum conyzoides, n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of methanolic extracts were screened for their antimicrobial activity against a number of gram positive and gram negative bacteria by disk diffusion method. The crude extract and n-hexane soluble fraction of crude extract showed significant to moderate antimicrobial activity and chloroform, ethyl acetate soluble fraction of crude extract showed moderate to mild antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The zones of inhibition produced by the crude extract (methanolic extract), n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions were found to be 14.89 mm - 19.40 mm, 14 mm - 19.40 mm, 10.66 mm - 13.50 mm and 9.50 mm - 13.26 mm respectively at a concentration of 30 mg/disc. Chloroform, n-hexane and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of methanolic extract of Ageratum conyzoides were screened for antitumor properties using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. A reputed cytotoxic agent vincristine sulphate was used as a positive control. From the results of the brine shrimp lethality bioassay it can be well predicted that nhexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of methanolic extract of Ageratum conyzoides possess cytotoxic activity on shrimp nauplii. The median lethal concentration (LC50, the concentration at which 50% mortality of brine shrimp nauplii occurred) of n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate were 245.42 mg/ml, 92.61 mg/ml and 6.35 mg/ml, respectively, comparison with positive control vincristine sulphate with 0.839 mg/ml.Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 29, Number 2, Dec 2012, pp 98-103

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Aerial Parts of Adiantum capillus-veneris L. Growing in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
Suvash Chandra Roy ◽  
BK Sajeeb ◽  
Md Abdul Muhit ◽  
Sitesh C Bachar
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Adiantum Capillus Veneris

The present study evaluated the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of methanolic extract of aerial parts of Adiantum capillus-veneris L. and its different solvent fractions. The in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed by using 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. The analysis revealed that ethyl acetate soluble fraction had the highest DPPH radicals scavenging property with IC50 value of 1.05 μg/ml as compared to positive control ascorbic acid (IC50 = 1.34 μg/ml). In addition, ex vivo cytotoxicity assay of A. capillus-veneris L. extract and its different fractions were performed against HELA cells line where 5-Fluorouracil was used as positive control. The result demonstrated that ethyl acetate and n-hexane soluble fractions showed prominent cytotoxicity with IC50 value of 5.68 μg/ml and 17.15 μg/ml, respectively. The study affirmed that superior antioxidant and cytotoxic activities were shown by ethyl acetate soluble fraction of methanolic extract of aerial parts of A. capillus-veneris L. growing in Bangladesh which indicate the presence of bioactive phytoconstituents in the extractives. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(2): 217-222, 2019 (December)

IN VITRO CYTOTOXIC EVALUATION OF KARHEE WEED

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Shabnam Javed ◽  
Amna Shoaib
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Locally famous Karhee or Berre (Sorbaria tomentosa) exhibits medicinal value is large woody shrub indigenous to Pakistan. The present study examined the cytotoxic activities of S. tomentosa using methanolic extracts and fractions (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and water) against three cáncer cell lines (lung A-549, hepatocellular HepG2and urinary bladder EI-138). Cytotoxic assays were carried out with five different concentrations (0.05, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 mg/mL) of methanolic extract and its sub fraction through MTT assay. Results revealed n-hexane and ethyl acetate fraction being the most potent against all test cancer cell lines with higher IC50 values. Both fractions also exhibited the maximum reduction in the cell viability in dose dependent manner. Preliminary results suggest the promising anticancer potential of n-hexane and ethyl acetate S. tomentosa against lung A-549, hepatocellular HepG2and urinary bladder EI-138 cell lines. Further studies are required to know the mechanism(s) involved in the cell death.

In-vitro bactericidal activity of a novel plant source Plumeria pudica against some human and fish pathogenic bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhaisi Das ◽  
Sunanda Burman ◽  
Goutam Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Aldehyde Groups

Background: The only remedy for up surging problem of antibiotic resistance is the discovery of antibacterial agents of natural origin. Objective: The present study was aimed at finding antibacterial potential of crude and solvent extracts of mature leaves of Plumeria pudica. Methods: Antibacterial activity of three different solvent extracts were evaluated in four human and four fish pathogenic bacteria by measuring the zone of inhibition and determining Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration values. Standard antibiotics were used as positive control. Preliminary phytochemical screening of most effective extract i.e., ethyl acetate extract, Fourier Transform Infra Red analysis and GC-MS analysis of the Thin Layer Chromatographic (TLC) fraction of ethyl acetate extract were done meticulously. All experiments were done thrice and analyzed statistically. Results: Crude leaf extracts and solvent extracts caused good inhibition of bacterial growth in all selected bacteria. Ethyl acetate extract showed highest inhibition zones in all tested strains with maximum inhibition (19.50±0.29 mm) in Escherichia coli (MTCC 739). MBC/MIC of the extracts indicated that all three solvent extracts were bactericidal. Preliminary phytochemical tests revealed the presence of tannins, steroids and alkaloids and FT-IR analysis revealed presence of many functional groups namely alcoholic, amide, amine salt and aldehyde groups. From the GC-MS analysis of TLC fraction of ethyl acetate extract five different bioactive compounds e.g., 2,4-ditert –butylphenyl 5-hydroxypentanoate, Oxalic acid; allyl nonyl ester, 7,9-Ditert-butyl-1-oxaspiro(4,5)deca-6,9-diene-2,8-dione, Dibutyl phthalate and 2,3,5,8-tetramethyl-decane were identified. Conclusion: Leaf extracts of P. pudica contain bioactive compounds that can be used as broad spectrum bactericidal agent.

scholarly journals In Vitro Cytotoxic Effects of Secondary Metabolites Present in Sarcopoterium Spinosum L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 5300
Author(s):  
Jozef Hudec ◽  
Jan Mojzis ◽  
Marta Habanova ◽  
Jorge A. Saraiva ◽  
Pavel Hradil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Sarcopoterium Spinosum ◽  
Mcf 7

Sarcopoterium spinosum (L.) is a medicinal plant traditionally used for the treatment of various diseases including cancer in the Near- and Middle East. The fractions and constituents of the ethanol extract of S. spinosum were screened for in vitro cytotoxic activities on Jurkat (acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia), HeLa (cervical adenocarcinoma), MCF-7 (mammary gland adenocarcinoma), Caco-2 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma), and MDA-MB-231 (mammary gland adenocarcinoma) cell lines using the MTT (3-(dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The ethanol extract was subsequently re-extracted with ethyl acetate and in its sub-fraction obtained by column chromatography three compounds (stachydrine, benzalkonium chloride and rutine) were the first time identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. The most active subfraction showed cytotoxic activity against HeLa, MCF-7, and Caco-2 cell lines. The three compounds mentioned, as standards of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quality, were studied individually and in combination. Cytotoxic activity observed might be due to the presence of benzalkonium chloride and rutin. Benzalkonium chloride showed the strongest growth suppression effect against HeLa cells (IC50 8.10−7 M) and MCF-7 cells (IC50 5.10−6 M). The mixture of stachydrine and benzalkonium chloride allowed a synergistic cytotoxic effect against all tested cancer and normal cells to be obtained. Anti-cancer activity of the plant extract of S. spinosum remains under-investigated, so this research describes how the three major compounds identified in the ethyl acetate extract can exert a significant dose dependent in vitro cytotoxicity.

scholarly journals Investigation of potential anti-urolithiatic activity from different types of Musa pseudo-stem extracts in inhibition of calcium oxalate crystallization

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazni Abu Zarin ◽  
Joo Shun Tan ◽  
Paramasivam Murugan ◽  
Rosma Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Aggregation Assay ◽  
Banana Tree ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Aggregation Activity

Abstract Background The banana or scientifically referred to as Musa sp., is one of the most popular fruits all over the world. Almost all parts of a banana tree, including the fruits, stem juice, and flowers are commonly used as traditional medicine for treating diarrhoea (unripe), menorrhagia, diabetes, dysentery, and antiulcerogenic, hypoglycemic, antilithic, hypolipidemic conditions, plus antioxidant actions, inflammation, pains and even snakebites. The study carried out was to evaluate in vitro anti-urolithiatic activity from different types of Musa pseudo-stems. Methods Observing anti-urolithiathic activity via in vitro nucleation and aggregation assay using a spectrophotometer followed by microscopic observation. A total of 12 methanolic extracts were tested to determine the potential extracts in anti-urolithiasis activities. Cystone was used as a positive control. Results The results manifested an inhibition of nucleation activity (0.11 ± 2.32% to 55.39 ± 1.01%) and an aggregation activity (4.34 ± 0.68% to 58.78 ± 1.81%) at 360 min of incubation time. The highest inhibition percentage in nucleation assay was obtained by the Musa acuminate x balbiciana Colla cv “Awak Legor” methanolic pseudo-stem extract (2D) which was 55.39 ± 1.01%at 60 min of incubation time compared to the cystone at 30.87 ± 0.74%. On the other hand,the Musa acuminate x balbiciana Colla cv “Awak Legor” methanolic bagasse extract (3D) had the highest inhibition percentage in the aggregation assay incubated at 360 min which was obtained at 58.78 ± 1.8%; 5.53% higher than the cystone (53.25%).The microscopic image showed a great reduction in the calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals formation and the size of crystals in 2D and 3D extracts, respectively, as compared to negative control. Conclusions The results obtained from this study suggest that the extracts are potential sources of alternative medicine for kidney stones disease.

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