scholarly journals Management of Intracranial Abscess - Study of 30 cases

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-75
Author(s):  
Md L Rahman ◽  
ML Rahman ◽  
S Hossain ◽  
ASMS Ali ◽  
SK Pramanik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Intracranial Abscess ◽  
Multiple Abscess ◽  
Brain Abscesses ◽  
Burr Hole Evacuation ◽  
Made In

Brain abscess may be solitary or multiple. They appear as areas of ill-defined cerebritis tomature well defined focal suppurative lesion with capsulated abscesses. Multiple brain abscessrecognized in as many as 50% of patients. In this study 30 patients were analyzed. Solitary brainabscess were more than multiple abscess. Age ranges from 6 years to 35 years. Male to femaleratio was 5:1. Intra parenchymal brain abscess occurred in all cases (100%), subdural orextradural lesions were nil. Brain abscesses were associated with CSOM. CT scan done in all(100%) patients as diagnostic tools. All (100%) patients under went Burr-hole evacuation withbroad-spectrum antibiotic therapy and 2 patients (06.66%) treated with long term anti tuberculartherapy. V-P shunt was made in 1 patient (03.33%) who had persistent venriculomegaly. In thisstudy mortality rate was zero.doi: 10.3329/taj.v16i2.3887TAJ December 2003; Vol.16(2): 73-75

scholarly journals Brain Abscess Caused by Nocardia: Case Report and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Finger ◽  
Maria Eduarda Conte Gripa ◽  
Tiago Paczko Bozko Cecchini ◽  
Tobias Ludwig do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Rare Clinical Entity ◽  
Brain Abscesses

AbstractNocardia brain abscess is a rare clinical entity, accounting for 2% of all brain abscesses, associated with high morbidity and a mortality rate 3 times higher than brain abscesses caused by other bacteria. Proper investigation and treatment, characterized by a long-term antibiotic therapy, play an important role on the outcome of the patient. The authors describe a case of a patient without neurological comorbidities who developed clinical signs of right occipital lobe impairment and seizures, whose investigation demonstrated brain abscess caused by Nocardia spp. The patient was treated surgically followed by antibiotic therapy with a great outcome after 1 year of follow-up.

scholarly journals Case Report: Metagenomics Next-Generation Sequencing Can Help Define the Best Therapeutic Strategy for Brain Abscesses Caused by Oral Pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonghui Ma ◽  
Su Yan ◽  
Haoxin Dong ◽  
Huifen Wang ◽  
Yonggang Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Brain Abscesses ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Brain abscesses are associated with an increased long-term risk of new seizures and increased mortality within several years after infection. Common microorganisms that cause brain abscesses include bacteria, fungi, and mycoplasma. We report a 75-year-old man with a brain abscess caused by Prevotella denticola, an oral pathogen. Based on the clinical condition, we suspected that the patient had a blood-borne brain abscess, and he received antibiotics and systemic supportive treatment. The patient developed shock for the second time after negative Gram-staining results. Metagenomics next-generation sequencing showed one strain from the oral microbiome, confirming our hypothesis, and targeted antibiotic treatment was administered quickly. Thus, we report a case in which genomic analysis was the critical factor in determining the best antimicrobial therapy for administration.

Long-term neurological residua in patients surviving brain abscess with surgery

1971 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 652-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Carey ◽  
Shelley N. Chou ◽  
Lyle A. French
Keyword(s):  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Adult Survivors ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Neurological Sequelae ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Brain Abscesses ◽  
Treatment Comparisons ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Long-term neurological sequelae were analyzed in 40 patients (24 adults and 16 children) who survived a brain abscess with surgery. Median follow-up was 6 years. The brain abscesses were secondary to hematogenous spread, sinus and mastoid infections, and trauma. Hemiparesis, seizures, visual defects, and learning problems (in children) were the most common sequelae observed. Abscess location played a significant role in determining sequelae. Only two of 16 patients with frontal polar and temporal lobe abscesses had unsatisfactory long-term results, while eight of 16 individuals with abscesses near the sensorimotor strip were left with permanent unsatisfactory neurological sequelae. Nineteen of 24 adults (80%) had a satisfactory long-term neurological status, but only 10 of 16 children (63%) had a similar outcome. In adult survivors, hemiparesis and seizures were mild, and emotional changes rare. Children were often severely paretic, had poorly controlled seizures, suffered from personality impairment, and were occasionally totally disabled. If the postoperative neurological condition is used to evaluate various types of surgical therapy for the treatment of brain abscess, then the therapies under study must be matched for patient age and abscess location before treatment comparisons can be made.

scholarly journals Cerebral Abscess with Cranial Hypertension in Young Infants: A Case Report and Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Náthalie Angélica Cardoso Marqui ◽  
Marina Lucca de Campos Lima ◽  
Rafaela de Fátima Ferreira Baptista ◽  
Rawene Elza Veronesi Gonçalves Righetti ◽  
Tauane Rene Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Central Nervous System Infection ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Surgical Drainage ◽  
Young Infants

Objective: To report a Central Nervous System infection evolving with brain abscess and to address aspects of the treatment of the disease. Results: even with advances in treatment and diagnosis, the pathology has a high mortality. However, the best prognosis is noticed when there is a suspicion through the clinic, neuroradiological images readily available, antimicrobial therapy against commonly encountered agents, and surgical drainage procedures. One study, which combined antibiotic therapy and surgery to drain the abscess, in most of the cases, studied, demonstrated a mortality rate of 12%, and another study, a 42% mortality rate when using antibiotic therapy alone. Another reference suggests the use of antibiotic therapy alone in less severe cases with less neurological impairment. Neurological clinical sequelae can be found in up to 30% of cases. The time of antibiotic therapy still needs to be debated, as well as the surgical indication for drainage. Final Considerations: Pediatric brain abscess is an uncommon disease, still with high morbidity and mortality. Surgical drainage or excision of pediatric abscesses remains the basis of treatment both to relieve the mass effect and to provide a microbiological diagnosis. The literature demonstrates that broad-spectrum antibiotics and access to CT and MRI images decrease the rates of morbidity and mortality. It is concluded that the therapeutic approach involves the administration of broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics and surgical drainage in more complex cases.

scholarly journals Stereotactic Management of Bacterial Brain Abscesses

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohrab Shahzadi ◽  
Andres M. Lozano ◽  
Mark Bernstein ◽  
Abhijit Guha ◽  
Ronald R. Tasker
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Cerebral Hemispheres ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotic ◽  
Stereotactic Techniques ◽  
Stereotactic Aspiration ◽  
Tuberculous Abscess ◽  
Neurologic Disability ◽  
Bacterial Organism ◽  
Brain Abscesses

ABSTRACT:Background:CT and MR guided stereotactic techniques have provided promising results in the management of brain abscesses. We reviewed our results of stereotactic management of brain abscesses in 20 consecutive patients with 28 abscesses from 1986 to 1993.Methods:13 abscesses were in the cerebral hemispheres, 12 in the cerebellum, 2 in the pons and 1 in the thalamus. The bacterial organism was isolated in 12 of the 20 cases. All patients, except one who had a tuberculous abscess, were on antibiotics for less than 7 weeks.Results:Although there were 3 patients in coma before surgery, the mortality rate was zero and 17 patients had an excellent recovery with 3 patients having a persistent mild neurologic disability. Stereotactic aspiration of the largest lesion in the patients with multiple brain abscesses combined with intravenous antibiotic therapy was sufficient for the resolution of all lesions. Two of our patients treated with antibiotics alone showed abscess progression with neurologic worsening.Conclusion:Stereotactic aspiration is safe, accurate, and when combined with the appropriate antibiotics, should be considered the procedure of choice in the management of brain abscesses.

scholarly journals Parvimonas micra: A potential causative pathogen to consider when diagnosing odontogenic brain abscesses

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Ruth Prieto ◽  
Alejandro Callejas-Díaz ◽  
Rasha Hassan ◽  
Alberto Pérez de Vargas ◽  
Luis Fernando López-Pájaro
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Surgical Drainage ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Parvimonas Micra ◽  
Brain Abscesses

Background: Brain abscess is a life-threatening entity which requires prompt and long-term antibiotic therapy, generally associated with surgical drainage, and eradicating the primary source of infection. Parvimonas micra (Pm) has only been reported once before as the lone infecting organism of an orally originated, solitary brain abscess. Diagnosing brain abscesses caused by this Gram-positive anaerobic coccus, constituent of the oral cavity flora, is challenging, and an optimal treatment regimen has not been well established. We report the diagnosis and successful treatment of a Pm caused odontogenic brain abscess. Case Description: A 62-year-old immunocompetent male with a right-parietal brain abscess presented with headache and seizures. He was started on empirical antibiotic therapy and subsequently underwent surgical drainage. The only source of infection found was severe periodontitis with infected mandibular cysts. Thus, tooth extraction and cyst curettage were performed 1 week after brain surgery. Cultures of brain abscess fluid were negative, but amplification of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) with polymerase chain reaction demonstrated Pm. After 3 weeks of intravenous ceftriaxone and metronidazole, the patient was switched to oral metronidazole and moxifloxacin for 6 weeks. Conclusions: This case highlights the potential risk of untreated dental infections causing brain abscesses. Pm should be considered as a possible pathogen of odontogenic brain abscesses despite its presence usually not being detected by standard bacterial cultures. Therefore, 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis is strongly recommended for bacterial identification before defining brain abscesses as cryptogenic.

scholarly journals Acute Bacterial Meningitis and Systemic Abscesses due toStreptococcus dysgalactiaesubsp.equisimilisInfection

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
M. Jourani ◽  
T. Duprez ◽  
V. Roelants ◽  
H. Rodriguez-Villalobos ◽  
P. Hantson
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Immune Suppression ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Streptococcus Dysgalactiae ◽  
Pyogenic Meningitis ◽  
Brain Abscesses ◽  
Human Infections

Disseminated abscesses due to group Gβ-hemolyticStreptococcus dysgalactiaewere observed in a 57-year-old cirrhotic patient with the skin being the putative way of entry for the pathogen.S. dysgalactiaeis a rare agent in human infections responsible for acute pyogenic meningitis. The mortality rate associated withS. dysgalactiaebacteraemia and meningitis may be as high as 50%, particularly in the presence of endocarditis or brain abscesses. In our patient, main sites of infections were meningitis and ventriculitis, spondylodiscitis, septic arthritis, and soft-tissue infections. In contrast, no endocarditis was evidenced. Cirrhosis-related immune suppression was considered as a pathophysiological cofactor for the condition. Fortunately, clinical status improved after long-term (3 months) antimicrobial therapy.

Brain Abscess in Children: A Rare but Serious Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 574-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zumrut Sahbudak Bal ◽  
Cenk Eraslan ◽  
Elif Bolat ◽  
Gulhadiye Avcu ◽  
Nilgun Kultursay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Neurological Sequelae ◽  
Serious Infection ◽  
Brain Abscesses ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections

Brain abscess is a rare disease in childhood requiring prompt medical and/or surgical treatment. The objective was to review presentation, management, and outcome of brain abscess in children. We reviewed the clinical and radiological features and outcomes of 18 children (10 females, 8 males), with a median age of 48 months (range 1-182), that presented with brain abscesses and admitted to a tertiary pediatric infectious department between December 2010 and January 2017. One (5.5%) patient underwent craniotomy and 14 (77.7%) had burr hole aspirations. The most common localization was the frontal lobe (33.3%). The survival rate was 94.4%, and long-term neurological sequelae affected 27.7% of the patients. Empiric treatment choices require knowledge of common pathogens and local resistance. The most predominant infections were still upper respiratory infections. Clinicians may treat the children with appropriate choice and duration of antibiotic treatment for upper respiratory tract infections.

Ophthalmic gene and cell therapies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moataz Dowaidar
Keyword(s):  
Vision Loss ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Clinical Environment ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Disease Mechanisms ◽  
Tremendous Progress ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Disease Pathways ◽  
Made In

In the field of ocular gene and cell therapy, tremendous progress has been made in both research and clinical testing. In the laboratory, researchers have uncovered potential new ways of treating glaucoma holistically by decreasing IOP and providing retinal and optic nerve neuroprotection. As we get a better understanding of the disease mechanisms, we will be able to target specific glaucoma disease pathways with gene and cell therapies in order to achieve safe, effective, and long-term vision loss prevention. Improved diagnostic tools such as high-resolution imaging and continuous tonometry will make it simpler to detect glaucoma early and obtain better treatment outcomes. Translation of innovative medicines from the laboratory to the clinical environment is a significant problem, particularly for veterinary ophthalmic applications, due to restricted resources for generating animal-specific drugs.

scholarly journals Brain Abscess of Otorhinolaryngologic Origin: Study of 80 Cases in the Neurosurgery Department of Conakry University Hospital Center

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 047-051
Author(s):  
BL Fatoumata ◽  
SI Sory ◽  
AH Ghislain ◽  
CA Youssouf ◽  
DH Abdoul Bachir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Entrance Door ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Brain Abscesses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hospital Center

Introduction: Brain abscesses are serious conditions that can be life-threatening if left untreated. The objective of our study was to determine the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary characteristics of cerebral abscesses of otorhinolaryngological origin in our department. Methods and Materials: This was a retrospective study of 80 cerebral abscess files of otorhinolaryngological origin collected over a period of 5 years (January 2014-December 2018) at the neurosurgery department of Conakry University Hospital Center. Results: Abscesses of otorhinolaryngological origin represented 72% of all abscesses. The mean age was 14.7 years with a sex ratio of 4. The clinical picture was dominated by fever (92%), focal signs (55%) and intracranial hypertension (46%). The entrance door was 84% sinus. The frontal site was predominant, 44 cases. Eighty-two percent of patients underwent surgery and 18% were treated with antibiotic therapy alone. The evolution was favorable in 75% of the cases with a mortality rate of 15%. Conclusion: Brain abscesses are a medical-surgical emergency. The forms of otorhinolaryngologic origin are dominated by sinusitis. Despite the therapeutic difficulties, the prognosis remains acceptable in our study, 15% of deaths.

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