Features of substitution of defects of tooth rows in persons with periodontal tissue diseases of different severity

Resume. The high prevalence of periodontal disease causes the urgency of finding ways to improve methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of complications of this disease. The complex clinical picture requires a differentiated approach to the choice of orthopedic rehabilitation of such patients taking into account the patient's age, degree of pathological changes and activity of the pathological process with mandatory immobilization of movable teeth by different types of splints and splint dentures. Depending on the degree of pathological changes in periodontal tissues, the size and topography of dentition defects and the severity of destructive-resorptive processes in the alveolar bone, the replacement of dentition defects should be planned using dental implants and splinttype dentures. The aim of the study. Improving the effectiveness of orthopedic treatment of periodontal diseases, burdened by defects of the dentition through the differentiated use of dental implants and splinting structures. Materials and methods. A comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination of 237 patients with clinically diagnosed periodontitis I–III degree, burdened by partial loss of teeth. From the specified contingent of persons we carried out orthopedic treatment of 98 patients aged from 30 to 69 years with periodontal diseases of various severity, aggravated by defects of dentitions of various size and localization. Cone-beam computed tomography was used for objective quantitative and qualitative assessment of periodontal tissue and bone tissue of the edentulous jaw in individuals with various clinical forms of periodontal disease, to determine the relative densitometric density of bone tissue, when planning dental implantation and for control its results. The localization of supracontacts was determined by occlusion. Diagnosis and elimination of traumatic occlusion were performed according to Jenkelson and Schuller [3]. Evaluation of the stability of dental implants was performed by frequency – resonance analysis of the stability of dental implants using the Osstell ISQ device. Results. According to the results of examination of 237 people and the division of patients into three age groups, the clinical features of the pathological process in the age aspect were established. The results of computed tomography of the dental apparatus of the subjects showed that periodontal disease in the age aspect in the dynamics is accompanied by the severity of destructive-resorptive processes in the alveolar bone, which are manifested in a decrease in the relative densitometric density of bone marrow and bone loss. Orthopedic rehabilitation of this contingent of persons was performed with the use of biologically indifferent structural materials and splinting orthopedic structures, including splinting of abutment teeth, removable prosthetics and dental implantation, as well as accompanying physiotherapy of prostheses. In the case of periodontitis of I–II degree with sufficient volume and density of bone tissue in the area of the dentition defect, high clinical efficacy was shown by the use of dental implantation in the case of gradual loading of the dental implant using a superstructure of own development. In the presence of medium and large defects of the dentition on the background of periodontitis II–III severity in the presence of significant pathological mobility of abutment teeth and insufficient volume and density of bone tissue in the area of the defect sufficient clinical effectiveness showed the use of removable dentures own design. Conclusions. Periodontal diseases in the age aspect in the dynamics are accompanied by pronounced destructive-resorptive processes in the alveolar bone, which are manifested by a decrease in the relative densitometric density of bone tissue and progressive loss of height of the alveolar process. Timely application of dental implantation due to the dosed gradual occlusal load on the alveolar bone helps to preserve the structure of the alveolar bone and the height of the alveolar process. In the presence of medium and large defects of the dentition on the background of periodontitis II–III severity in the presence of significant pathological mobility of abutment teeth and insufficient volume and density of bone tissue in the area of the dentition defect, the use of removable dentures of splinttype design is shown. To prevent complications of prosthetics and prolong the use of orthopedic structures, it is advisable to use photodynamic maintenance therapy. Key words: periodontal tissue disease, dentition defect, dental implantation, splint-type denture.

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Стоматологічний статус осіб, схильних до регулярного активного куріння

CLINICAL DENTISTRY ◽

10.11603/2311-9624.2017.1.7698 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

O. Ya. Lavrin ◽

V. V. Shcherba ◽

I. Ya. Krynytska

Keyword(s):

Periodontal Disease ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Pathological Process ◽

Control Group ◽

Periodontal Tissue ◽

Active Smoking ◽

Periodontal Tissues ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Periodontal Index ◽

Central District

Smoking is associated with significantly increased risk of diseases of organs and tissues of the oral cavity, especially periodontal pathology and cancer of the mouth.The aim of the study – to investigate the prevalence, structure and clinical course of periodontal tissue diseases in people prone to regular active smoking.Materials and Methods. A study of 120 visitors who had undergone preventive examinations in the Clinic of Zbarazh Central District Municipal Hospital exposed to regular active smoking was performed. To assess the degree of inflammation in periodontal tissues we used marginally-papillary-alveolar index, periodontal index, the Green-Vermilyon index.Results and Discussion. Dental examination of persons exposed to regular active smoking, revealed periodontal disease in 102 individuals (85.0 %), intact periodont – 18 persons (15.0 %). At the same time, investigation of 30 control individuals showed periodontal disease in 12 persons (40.0 %), clinically healthy periodontal tissue – in 18 persons (60.0 %). PMA index of individuals exposed to regular active smoking, treated as severe gingivitis and was significantly higher than data of the control group in 2.5 times. Average numerical values of periodontal index in patients exposed to regular active smoking answered moderate periodontitis and significantly were higher than data of the control group in 4 times. Oral hygiene status in 62 % of those exposed to regular active smoking, was poor, 7 % – very poor, 22 % – satisfactory, 9 % – good. Average numerical values of Green-Vermilyon index in smokers was significantly higher than data of the control group in 3.1 times.Conclusions. Thus, smoking contributes to increasing of diffuse periodontal diseases and deepening of pathological process.

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Vitamin D Effects on Guided Bone Regeneration and Osseointegration of Dental Implants (Literature Review)

Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences ◽

10.15690/vramn1376 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 75 (5) ◽

pp. 552-560

Author(s):

Sergey Yu. Ivanov ◽

Svetlana Yu. Kalinchenko ◽

Nidjat A. Guseynov ◽

Aleksander A. Muraev ◽

Aigul Т. Safi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Bone Tissue ◽

Dental Implants ◽

Scientific Data ◽

Reparative Regeneration ◽

Jaw Bone ◽

Dental Implantation ◽

Oral Reconstruction ◽

Phosphate Exchange ◽

Regeneration Of Bone

Background.Due to the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency as well as the frequency of reconstructive surgical interventions followed by dental implantation, the issue arises concerning the effect of Vitamin D on reparative regeneration of bone and osseointegration of dental implants.The purpose using literature data we are conducting an impact assessment of vitamin D on reparative regeneration of bone tissue, in particular, after oral reconstruction surgeries and dental implantation.Methods.Retrieval, systematization and analysis of scientific data on application of vitamin D supplementation and its effect on reparative regeneration of jaw bone tissue.The conclusions.For the most part, the positive effect exerted on reparative regeneration of jaw bone tissue and osseointegration of dental implants is due to the role of vitamin D in physiological processes evolving in bone tissue, namely maintenance of calcium and phosphate exchange through intestinal absorption and TNF, RANKL (Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand) and consequently differentiation of precursors to osteoclasts into osteoclasts through VDR stimulation (VitaminD Receptor) receptors for further osteogenesis. Also, according to literature data, FGF23 (Fibroblast Growth Factor) protein is a marker of osteoblasts differentiation into osteocytes, it is also known that FGF23 and 1,25(ОН)2D3 are genetically related. FGF23 is the main regulator of both phosphate exchange in bones and metabolism of vitamin D and its metabolites. Besides, indirect anti-inflammatory effect has been observed thanks to inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Taking into account the abovementioned data, of particular relevance is the definition of serum concentration 25(ОН)D and development of schemes of vitamin D level pre-surgery correction in patients, who have to undergo oral reconstruction surgeries and dental implantation. Mass spectrometry is a promising diagnostic method for determining the level of vitamin D in a body, as it allows to identify the actual amount of vitamin D free from admixture of other steroid hormones. The introduction of this method into clinical practice will allow to monitor the level of vitamin D in patients, receiving reconstructive and rehabilitative treatment.

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Microbial contamination dynamics in surgical treatment of patients using dental implants in a limited bone tissue volume

Стоматология для всех ◽

10.35556/idr-2019-4(89)52-58 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 52-58

Author(s):

A.M. Tsitsiashvili ◽

A.M. Panin ◽

Ye.N. Nikolayeva ◽

A.A. Arutyunyan ◽

M.S. Podporin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Tissue ◽

Dental Implants ◽

Bacteriological Study ◽

Number Of Species ◽

Dental Implantation ◽

Multi Stage ◽

Short Implants ◽

Amoxicillin Clavulanate ◽

Pure Cultures ◽

Step Therapy

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic chemotherapy regimens and the dynamics of the nature of microbial associations of the operating area at the surgical stages of treatment of patients using dental implants in conditions of limited bone tissue. The study involved 37 patients (17 m and 20 w, from 32 to 68 years). According to the tactics of the treatment and the type of antibacterial effect, the patients were divided into 3 groups. Per os was prescribed antibiotics as a step therapy: amoxicillin (flemoxin 500 mg 1 tablet 2 per day for 7 days) and amoxicillin / clavulanate (flemoclav 625 mg 1 table 2 per day 7 days), doxycycline (unidox 100 mg 1 table 1 per day 5 days). The 1st group of patients (n1=12; 31.9%) — a multi-stage approach (MA), where the 1st operation is bone grafting (BG) (Flemoxin 500 mg), after 6—9 months, the 2nd dental implantation (DI) (flemoklav 625 mg), after 3—6 months the 3rd — installation of gingival formers (GF) (unidox 100 mg). The 2nd group of patients (n2=14; 36.2%) — a one-stage approach (OA), where the 1st operation is BG with simultaneous DI (flemoxin 500 mg), after 6—9 months — the 2nd — installation of GF (flemoklav 625 mg). 3rd group — narrow/short implants (N/S) without BG were installed (n3=11; 31.9%). The 1st operation — DI (Flemoxin 500 mg), the 2nd — installation of GF (Flemoklav 625 mg). A bacteriological study with the identification of pure cultures of bacteria and determination of sensitivity to antibacterial drugs was performed for all patients before treatment and in dynamics. In MA, there was a suppression of the growth of certain types of bacteria and an increase in the number of species resistant to this antibiotic. In the framework of the OA, when prescribing antibiotics, the results were comparable. With N/S implants, growth inhibition of a number of species present at the beginning of treatment was noted. In multi-stage operations, we consider it reasonable to use beta-lactamase-protected drugs, or drugs of another group that include representatives of parodontopathogenic species and potential carriers of multiple resistance genes in their spectrum of action.

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Main Approaches to the Use of Biomaterials in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: A Brief Systematic Review

MedNEXT Journal of Medical and Health Sciences ◽

10.34256/mdnt2127 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 42-48

Author(s):

Henrique Esteves Magalhães ◽

Priscilla Janaína de Lima Borelli Bovo ◽

Luciano Rodrigues Neves ◽

Marcelo Henrique Batista Santos ◽

Rogério Luiz de Araújo Vian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Bone Tissue ◽

Dental Implants ◽

Bone Growth ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Success Rates ◽

Dental Implantation ◽

Regeneration Of Bone Tissue ◽

Regeneration Of Bone

Introduction: In recent years, procedures with the use of dental implants have increased worldwide, reaching approximately one million dental implants per year. In recent years, a platelet concentrate called FRP (fibrin-rich plasma) has been the subject of clinical studies. Associated with this, the biomaterial Bio-Oss® (Geistlich), as it is biodegradable, biocompatible, non-toxic, and has low immunogenicity, and bio stimulators can act in the regeneration of bone tissue, as it establishes with the cells the appropriate biological niche (favorable microenvironment) for bone growth. Objective: Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate, through a brief systematic review, the results that involve bone formation for dental implantation, with the use of biomaterials such as fibrin-rich plasma and Bio-Oss®. Methods: The model used for the review was PRISMA. Was used databases such as Scopus, Scielo, Lilacs, Google Scholar, PubMed. Results: Fibrin-rich plasma (FRP) as an autologous biomaterial for use in oral and maxillofacial surgery presents most leukocytes, platelets, and growth factors, forming a fibrin matrix, with three-dimensional architecture. The Bio-Oss® biomaterial (Geistlich), as it is biodegradable, biocompatible, non-toxic, and has low immunogenicity and bio stimulators can act in the regeneration of bone tissue, since it establishes with the adenomatous mesenchymal stem cells the appropriate biological niche for bone growth and, thus, allowing the dental implant to be as effective as possible. Conclusion: The use of FRP associated with Bio-Oss® seems to illustrate high success rates with minimal costs, which may reduce the amount of bone graft needed to fill the sinus cavity, reducing the costs of the procedure.

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The Impact of Oxidative Stress on Dental Implants

European Journal of Dental and Oral Health ◽

10.24018/ejdent.2021.2.1.37 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

César Esquivel-Chirino ◽

Juan Carlos Gómez-Landeros ◽

Erika Patricia Carabantes-Campos ◽

Daniela Carmona-Ruiz ◽

Yolanda Valero-Princet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Dental Implants ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Cell Damage ◽

Pathological Condition ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Tissue Destruction ◽

Waste Products ◽

The Impact

Periodontal disease is an inflammatory condition that alters the periodontium, resulting in destruction of the alveolar bone; without treatment the condition may lead to tooth loss. Dental implants are an alternative for substitution of naturally lost teeth as they have high success rates; however, some factors are related to its failure. Peri-implantitis (PI) is a pathological condition that affects the tissues surrounding dental implants and has been reported as the major cause of implant failure; PI and periodontal diseases are characterized by tissue inflammation and bone damage. In homeostasis conditions, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to be involved in cell maintenance, signal transduction, and repair of all tissues, but ROS overaccumulation leads to oxidative stress, which generates cell damage and tissue destruction; likewise, antioxidants protect against the destructive effects of ROS by turning free radicals into waste products. The main purpose of this review was to determine some aspects of inflammatory responses and oxidative stress and analyze their relationship with the lack of osseointegration and PI.

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Periodontal Disease in Medically Compromised Patients and Its Relation with Covid-19

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.14260/jemds/2021/325 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (20) ◽

pp. 1558-1560

Author(s):

Gowri Swaminatham Pendyala ◽

Pradeep Kumar ◽

Sourabh Ramesh Joshi ◽

Sonia Godara ◽

Shridhar Shetty

Keyword(s):

Periodontal Disease ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Respiratory Illness ◽

Viral Disease ◽

Oral Health Status ◽

Comorbid Conditions ◽

And Gender ◽

Compromised Patients

Periodontal diseases can have systemic effects on our body. Diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension etc., have a history of being associated with periodontal disease. Periodontal disease could indicate the severity of Covid-19. There has been no previous reporting of oral health status in Covid-19 patients. The knowledge of association of periodontal disease with severe Covid-19 could be an important contribution to slowing down the rate and spread of infection. Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease which involves gingiva and the supporting tissues like cementum, alveolar bone and periodontal ligament. It has affected nearly about 10 - 12 % of the total population in the world. Periodontal disease is more prevalent in medically compromised patients with diseases like asthma, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, liver diseases, kidney diseases and rheumatoid arthritis. The other risk factors for the occurrence of periodontal disease are tobacco smoking, ageing, poor oral hygiene, obesity etc.1 Coronavirus (CoV) belongs to Coronaviridae family which are RNA viruses. Their size varies from 60 - 140 nanometre with spike-like projections on its surface. This strain of viruses is considered to be zoonotic in nature and cause respiratory illness in humans.1 This viral disease has affected lakhs of people in United States and had resulted in a high mortality rate. It was declared a pandemic by WHO on the 11th of March 2020. Comorbid conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, asthma, ageing, obesity and gender pose a greater risk for Covid-19. We wanted to evaluate as to whether periodontal disease along with comorbid conditions share a contributing risk factor for developing Covid-19.

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SUMO1 modification of IGF-1R combining with SLUG inhibited osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs stimulated by high glucose

10.21203/rs.3.rs-357949/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rongrong Jiang ◽

Miao Wang ◽

Xiaobo Shen ◽

Shuai Huang ◽

Jianpeng Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Osteogenic Differentiation ◽

Bone Tissue ◽

High Glucose ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Oral Disease ◽

Tissue Loss ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Periodontal Tissue ◽

Normal Glucose ◽

Osteogenic Induction

Abstract Background: Periodontal disease, an oral disease characterized by loss of alveolar bone and progressive teeth loss, is the sixth major complication of diabetes. It is spreading worldwide as it is difficult to be cured. The insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) plays an important role in regulating functional impairment associated with diabetes. However, it is unclear whether IGF-1R expression in periodontal tissue is associated with periodontal bone tissue destruction in diabetic patients. SUMO modification has been reported in various diseases and are associated with an increasing number of biological processes, but previous studies have not focused on diabetic periodontitis.Methods: Periodontal membrane stem cells (PDLSCs) were isolated and cultured from healthy human obstructed teeth after extraction or adolescent orthodontic subtractive extraction. PDLSCs were cultured with medical 5% sterile glucose solution formulated as osteogenic differentiation induction solution with different glucose concentrations. The effects of different glucose concentrations on the osteogenic differentiation ability of PDLSCs were investigated at the genetic and cellular levels using staining assay, Western Blot, RT-PCR, Co-IP and cytofluorescence.Results: We found that SLUG, RUNX2 expression was decreased in PDLSCs cultured in high glucose osteogenic induction solution compared with normal glucose osteogenic induction solution. In addition, the IGF-1R expression levels, osteogenic differentiation and sumoylation of IGF-1R in PDLSCs cultured in high glucose osteogenic induction solution were not consistent with those cultured in normal glucose osteogenic induction solution.Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that SUMO1 modification of IGF-1R in high glucose environment inhibited osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs by binding to SLUG, a key factor leading to periodontal bone tissue loss in diabetic patients. Thus we can maximize the control of multiple downstream damage signaling factors and bring new hope for periodontal tissue regeneration in diabetic patients.

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ASSESSMENT OF THE OCCLUSAL RELATIONS NATURE AT THE STAGES OF ORTHOPEDIC REHABILITATION OF PERSONS WITH PERIODONTAL TISSUE DISEASES COMPLICATED BY DENTITION DEFECTS

Ukrainian Dental Almanac ◽

10.31718/2409-0255.1.2021.09 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 59-63

Author(s):

О.V. Bida ◽

О.V. Bida

Keyword(s):

Dental Implants ◽

Tooth Loss ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Relative Strength ◽

Control Group ◽

Pathological Changes ◽

Orthopedic Treatment ◽

Computerized Analysis ◽

Orthopedic Rehabilitation ◽

Strength Asymmetry

Resume. According to epidemiological studies, there is still an increased prevalence of periodontal disease among the population of different regions of the world, with increasing intensity and aggressiveness. Long-term chronic generalized lesions of recurrent and progressive inflammatory-dystrophic process lead to the destruction of alveolar processes, pathological mobility of teeth, tooth loss and dentofacial dysfunctions. One of the most characteristic symptoms of generalized periodontitis is the presence of traumatic occlusion. Depending on the degree of pathological changes in periodontal tissues, the size and topography of dentition defects, the replacement of dentition pathologies should be planned by splint-type orthopedic structures and computerized analysis of occlusal relationships with T-Scan III system. The aim of the study is to improve the effectiveness of orthopedic treatment of periodontal diseases complicated by defects of the dentition with the control of occlusal relationships with a computerized T-Scan III system. Materials and methods. We have examined 87 persons aged between 30 and 69 years with generalized periodontitis of I – III severity, complicated by partial loss of teeth of different sizes and topography, and a control group of the same age in 10 patients with intact dentition and physiological forms of occlusion without clinically diagnosed periodontal diseases. Computerized analysis of occlusion indices was performed by the T-Scan III system. We have investigated the stereotype of functional loads according to the following quantitative and qualitative indicators: the index of asymmetry of force between the parts (%); time of occurrence of the maximum amount of dental contacts (sec); time of disclusion (sec); the presence of premature occlusal contacts on the natural teeth and orthopedic constructions, and the presence of changes in the direction of the trajectory of the total vector of occlusal load. Orthopedic rehabilitation of patients in the case of periodontal diseases of the I-II degree of severity and the presence of small defects of the dentition, we conducted by splint-type orthopedic structures, dental implants, and artificial crowns of our own design with discrete occlusal loading (Licence for Effective Model No 143278, Ukraine, MPK А61С 13/007, u 2019 11487: Artificial Crown with Support on a Dental Implant). Patients with periodontal diseases of the II – III severity, complicated by defects of dentitions with different size and topography, the dental prosthetics has been performed by traditional removable and combined orthopedic splint-type constructions, and removable splint-type dentures of their own design: "Removable Prosthesis of Splint Type" (Licence for Effective Model No 130980 Ukraine, IPC (2006.01) А61С 13/007, u 2018 03039, 10.01.2019). Computerized analysis of occlusion indicators for the patients of I and II clinical groups and the III control group has been performed before and after orthopedic treatment by T-Scan III system. Results of the research. The results of investigation for functional occlusion have demonstrated that the index of relative strength asymmetry between the sides of the dentition in patients with generalized periodontitis complicated by dentition defects increased significantly and led to nonphysiological redistribution of loads compared with indices obtained in patients from control group due to the lack of correspondence for occlusal contacts. These indices are equal to 16.7 ± 3.8% in patients of I group and 18.9 ± 4.8% in group II compared to the similar control indicators – 4.7 ± 1.01%, respectively (p≤0.01). It should be noted that these indicators have differed from the control group indicators according to the severity of the pathological process. Rational prosthetics with removable and non-removable orthopedic structures, including on the base of dental implants, helps to optimize occlusal relations. Conclusions. Occlusographic studies performed in patients with generalized periodontitis having different severity and complicated by partial tooth loss have showed increased index of relative strength asymmetry between the sides of chewing, the presence of premature contacts and incorrect location of the trajectory of the total occlusal load vector. The dynamics of pathological changes in occlusion indices corresponds to the degree of generalized periodontitis, which indicates the necessity of opportune replacement of dentition defects, taking into account the occlusal relations. Rational prosthetics helps to optimize occlusal relations.

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Age and oral health: current considerations

Brazilian Oral Research ◽

10.1590/s1806-83242007000500006 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 21 (spe) ◽

pp. 29-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andrew Tawse-Smith

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Dental Plaque ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

The Elderly ◽

Preventive Program ◽

Age Related ◽

The Individual ◽

Complex Scenario

Dental plaque is still considered the main etiological factor for periodontal diseases. Our understanding of periodontal disease has advanced from the previous concepts where gingivitis slowly progressed to periodontitis to a more complex scenario that correlates several risk factors in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Among these factors, age has been associated with increased rates of periodontal disease as the population gets older. Although the loss of alveolar bone and periodontal attachment is common in the elderly population, and there is evident age-related changes in the periodontium, severe periodontitis is not a natural consequence of ageing. The importance of identifying the risk factors that participate in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease at an early phase, both of the individual and the disease, as well as evaluating the capacity of the individual to control dental plaque will enable the implementation of an adequate preventive program, where the needs and limitations of the individual are considered to specifically tailor the oral hygiene procedures and the mouthwashes to be used.

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SOME ASPECTS OF THE EATIOLOGY OF PARODONTUS DISEASES. (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Ukrainian Dental Almanac ◽

10.31718/2409-0255.2.2018.13 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 54-59

Author(s):

N.N. Saveleva ◽

I.I. Sokolova ◽

S.I. German ◽

T.V. Tomilina

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Structural Damage ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Pathological Process ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Internal Organs ◽

Periodontal Tissues

The review of the scientific literature is devoted to the topical issues of studying the etiology of periodontal diseases, which are one of the most common and complex pathologies of the maxillofacial region. Analysis of recent studies proves a stable relationship between the development of periodontal diseases and disorders in the immune system, the neurohumoral system, metabolic disorders, genetic predisposition, and so on. The article presents the data obtained in the course of studying the literature on the role of disorders in the functioning of individual organs (gastrointestinal tract, liver, lungs, heart, and urinary system) in the development of chronic periodontal diseases. The article notes that the anatomical and physiological proximity of the periodontal and digestive tract tissues, the generality of innervation and humoral regulation create prerequisites for the involvement of periodontal disease in the pathological process in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. One of the main etiological factors in the development of inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and periodontium is Helicobacter pylori, which is found in the loci of the oral cavity: in the oral and gingival fluid, on the mucous membrane of the tongue and cheeks, and in the periodontal pockets. It is pointed out that the liver also occupies a special place in the development of periodontal diseases, which is explained by the performance of its significant functions for the human body: regulatory, metabolic, antitoxic and other. There is evidence that the pathology of periodontal disease plays a leading role in the structure of dental diseases in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, which is clinically manifested by symptoms of generalized periodontitis of the І-ІІ degrees of development and its complications - partial or complete secondary adentia, and with tooth preservation - defects in dental series and violations of occlusion, function, aesthetics. Scientists suggest a general biological mechanism for the development of generalized periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases, linking the development of periodontal diseases in patients with cardiovascular pathology with microcirculatory disorders. The dependence of the severity of inflammatory changes in the periodontal tissues on the disturbances of salt metabolism in urolithiasis is proved. The data obtained indicate that diseases of the internal organs contribute to the structural damage of periodontal tissues and they are a risk factor for periodontal diseases, which necessitate the presence of not only theoretical knowledge and practical skills in dentistry, but also their awareness of the features and clinical manifestations of somatic pathology. An urgent and justified step in the treatment of periodontal diseases is also the involvement in the process of rendering complex dental care to internist doctors capable of quickly and qualitatively assessment the condition of the internal organs and the basic systems of the patient's body.

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