scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment of district Bagh(Tehsil Dhirkot) Azad Jammu and Kashmir using multivariate statistical methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madiha Madiha Kanwal
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
World Health ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The present study is conducted to identify the physical and chemical characteristics of District Bagh, Azad Jammu and Kashmir surface water. Fifteen locations were selected from study area to collect the water samples. The various physico-chemical parameters of water tested are pH,Temperature, Total dissolved solids (TDS), Sodium, Potassium, Sulphate, Nitrate, Calcium, Magnesium and Bicarbonates. The heavy metals including Cr, Cu, and Cl are also the part of our current research on the basis on the outcome of previous studies conducted in the urban areas of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. The final results concluded that bicarbonate was present in high concentration in all samples whereas the other parameters were in the compliance of prescribed World Health Organization standards. Furthermore, Cluster analysis and Principal Analysis were performed which shows similar results and effects of bicarbonates and hardness of water as major contributor of altering the concentration of other variables.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in the Vicinity of Khurrianwala Industrial Zone, Pakistan

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aleem ◽  
Cao Shun ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Arslan Aslam ◽  
Wu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Industrial Zone ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
National Environmental

The industrial augmentation and unguided anthropogenic activities contaminate water sources in most parts of the world especially in developing countries like Pakistan. High concentration of pollutants in groundwater affects human, soil, and crop health badly. The present study was conducted to investigate groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes in an industrial zone of Pakistan. A GIS tool was used to investigate the spatial distribution of different physico-chemical parameters. In this study, the average results exceeding World Health Organization (WHO) and National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) were found for pH 7.84, total dissolved solids (TDS) 1492 mg/L, phosphate 0.51 mg/L, dissolved oxygen (DO) 9.92% saturation, F-coli 6.48 colonies/100 mL, Na+ 366 mg/L, HCO3− 771 mg/L, sulfate 251 mg/L, chlorides 427 mg/L, total hardness (as CaCO3) 292 mg/L, electrical conductivity (EC) 2408 μS/cm, iron (Fe) 0.48 mg/L, chrome (Cr) 0.50 mg/L, arsenic (As) 0.04 mg/L, total phosphorus (TP) 0.17 mg/L, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) 9.76 (in meq/L), residual sodium carbonate (RSC) 9.28 meq/L, % ion balance 14.4 (in meq/L), percentage sodium ion (% Na+) concentration 58.9 meq/L, and water quality index (WQI) 69.0. The trend of cations and anions were (in meq/L) Na > Mg > Ca > K and HCO3 > Cl > CO3 > SO4 respectively. Although the results of the present study showed poor conditions of the groundwater for drinking as WQI but and irrigation purposes as SAR, it needs to improve some more conditions for the provision of safe drinking water and irrigation water quality.

Ground Water Use Near an Open Dumpsite in a Peri-urban Community

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-257
Author(s):  
O.A. Mokuolu ◽  
I. Olaniyi ◽  
J.O. Iji
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Residential Community ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
High Turbidity ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Iron Manganese

Quality of groundwater used for drinking and domestic purposes near an open dumpsite was investigated. Groundwater parameters for wells GW1, GW2, GW3 and GW4 were analysed and their values were compared with World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ). Physico-chemical and bacteriological analysis were carried out to determine the quality. Parameters analysed include; Temperature, Turbidity, Total Hardness, pH, Alkalinity, Electrical Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Suspended Solids, Total Solids, Magnesium, E-coli, Calcium, Nitrate, BOD, COD, DO, Chloride, Sulphate, Iron, Manganese and Lead. The results indicated that all parameters except turbidity, iron and lead were within the standards, all samples showed high concentration of iron and lead while GW1, GW2 and GW3 showed high Turbidity. The study concluded that groundwater situated around the dumpsite is unfit for drinking purposes. An engineered landfill located away from residential community was recommended.

scholarly journals Assessment of Spatial Variation of Physicochemical Parameters of Groundwater in Some Communities of Yenagoa Metropolis

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-71
Author(s):  
Alfred Wilson Opukumo ◽  
Austin O. Oki
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Health Organization

Water is a basic need of life, and more so, potable water is critical for healthy living. Shallow boreholes are now popular as the main source of drinking water in the Yenagoa metropolis due to the contamination of surface water and rainwater caused by poor management of wastes and crude oil facilities in the area. However, there are concerns about variations in the quality of groundwater across communities in the Yenagoa metropolis. Thus, this study assesses the spatial variations of physicochemical parameters of groundwater samples from 50 boreholes in the area, and results compared with recommended standards prescribed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Parameters analyzed were pH, electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, total dissolved solids (TDS), nitrate, chloride, sulfate, total alkalinity (TA), total hardness (TH), calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and iron. Global Information System (GIS) technology was adopted to present the groundwater quality in respect to each physicochemical parameter, in thematic maps. The maps showed that groundwater was slightly acidic in most communities in Central and Northern Yenagoa like Ekeki, Swali, Akaba, and Okolobiri. In communities like Ogbogoro, Ekeki, Azikoro and Yenegwe the EC was higher than the standard permissible value according to the WHO. A very high concentration of iron was observed across all communities except a few like Nedogo, Okolobiri, Tombia, Gbarantoru, Ayama, Famgbe, and Ikibiri having iron-free groundwater. Concentrations of TDS, calcium, magnesium, nitrates, sulfates, potassium, and sodium were within permissible limits across all communities. Communities like Ayama-Ijaw, Obololi, Ikibiri, Ikudu, Bomodi, Tombia, and Akaibiri had good groundwater while Ekeki, Famgbe, Yenaka, and Kpansia boast of excellent groundwater quality, and other areas had either poor or unsuitable groundwater for consumption. Treatment is recommended for parameters with higher concentrations than the standard value stipulated by the WHO.

scholarly journals Assessment of River and Groundwater Quality and its Suitability for Domestic Uses in Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D Shinde ◽  
K. A Patil ◽  
P. A Sadgir
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
World Health ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Godavari River ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The ongoing degradation of the water quality of central Maharashtra’s basaltic aquifer is of great concern for different authorities and agencies involved in the water sector in the Maharashtra, India. The Kham river, which is one of the major tributaries of the Godavari river, receives all domestic and industrial waste water from the Aurangabad city. The river, with no natural flow in the dry season, is extensively used for irrigation. In order to evaluate the quality of river and groundwater in the study area, eight river water and forty groundwater samples along right and left bank of the Kham river were collected and analyzed for various parameters. Physical and chemical parameters of the river and groundwater such as pH, TDS, EC, SO4, NO3 and heavy metals like Pb, Cr, Cd, Zn, and Cu were determined. The results show that the river and groundwater of the area is generally unfit for domestic uses. Most of the physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals in the river and groundwater samples have higher value than the World Health Organization (WHO, 2006) and Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS, 2003) guidelines.

scholarly journals Contamination of Ain Djenane’s water source of the city Tiaret (Algeria) by nitrates, nitrogen and phosphates

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-681
Author(s):  
M. Chafaa ◽  
K. Naceur ◽  
Y. Omar ◽  
M. Maatoug ◽  
M. Kharitonov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Source ◽  
National Standards ◽  
World Health ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Nitrates Content ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Very High

Several levies have been made in the groundwater of Ain Djenane of the Tiaret region (Algeria) during the period of April to May 2016 at the level of several wells located in urban areas. These levies have been the subject of analysis according to the techniques of the quality of the water assessment and the recommendations of the World Health Organization. The physical characteristics show that the water is of good quality. Very high nitrate rate has revealed with the chemical analyzes. The physico-chemical analysis has shown that studied wells have toxic substances concentrations below the WHO and national standards. It was indicated a strong contamination with nitrates (98.19±2.46 mg/l), nitrogen (18.0±3.33mg/l), phosphates (0.487±0.06 mg/l), and the contents of suspensions (851.76±18.1 mg/l), respectively. These concentrations are bigger than the standards recommended by the WHO (2006) and the standards of Algeria. The presence very high nitrates content in these waters could constitute a significant health risk to human health.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical quality of drinking water in the Njoro sub-county in Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-507
Author(s):  
Philip Ruciaka Kirianki ◽  
Edward Muchiri ◽  
Natasha Potgieter
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Source ◽  
World Health ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Storage Container ◽  
Standard Assessment ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Njoro sub-county in Kenya suffers from constant water shortages causing the residents to rely on both improved and unimproved water sources in the area. The households in the sub-county also use different household storage containers to store drinking water in times when water is not readily available. This study was therefore undertaken to assess selective physico-chemical parameters of water used by the population for drinking purposes using standard assessment methods. A total of 372 water source samples and 162 storage container water samples were tested over a period of three months. Turbidity (0.70–273.85 NTU), iron (0.7–2.10 mg/L), fluoride (0.15–4.01 mg/L), manganese (0.01–0.37 mg/L), and nitrate (0.09–27.90 mg/L) levels in water samples were generally higher than the Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) and/or the World Health Organization (WHO) water quality recommendations for safe drinkable water. The results from this study support the need for continuous monitoring and treating drinking water at the points of collection and of consumption to minimize the long-term health effects on communities consuming this water.

scholarly journals Analysis of Physiochemical Parameters to Evaluate the Drinking Water Quality in the State of Perak, Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Rahmanian ◽  
Siti Hajar Bt Ali ◽  
M. Homayoonfard ◽  
N. J. Ali ◽  
M. Rehan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
The State ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Physiochemical Parameters ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Public Health Protection ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The drinking water quality was investigated in suspected parts of Perak state, Malaysia, to ensure the continuous supply of clean and safe drinking water for the public health protection. In this regard, a detailed physical and chemical analysis of drinking water samples was carried out in different residential and commercial areas of the state. A number of parameters such as pH, turbidity, conductivity, total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), and heavy metals such as Cu, Zn, Mg, Fe, Cd, Pb, Cr, As, Hg, and Sn were analysed for each water sample collected during winter and summer periods. The obtained values of each parameter were compared with the standard values set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and local standards such as National Drinking Water Quality Standard (NDWQS). The values of each parameter were found to be within the safe limits set by the WHO and NDWQS. Overall, the water from all the locations was found to be safe as drinking water. However, it is also important to investigate other potential water contaminations such as chemicals and microbial and radiological materials for a longer period of time, including human body fluids, in order to assess the overall water quality of Perak state.

scholarly journals The influence of medical and geographical factors on the appearance and development of allergic rhinitis and eczema among school children in Belgrade

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-82
Author(s):  
Sanja Topalovic
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
School Children ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
International Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Geographical Factors ◽  
Asthma And Allergy ◽  
City Core ◽  
Health Organization

Allergic rhinitis and eczema represent ailments which are increasingly linked with urban areas. Although they do not belong to illnesses which are predominantly caused by geographical factors, their importance for the development of these illnesses will be considered in this paper. As an example of the influence of urban environment on the development of these illnesses, the city core of Belgrade (the area included in the General Urban Plan) is taken into consideration. The emphasis is put especially on the quality of air, industry, traffic and the conditions for living. The research is based on tracking these illnesses among children, considering the frequent appearance of these illnesses especially among school children. The survey, whose results were partly presented in this research paper, was an important method for examining the subject matter of this paper. Namely, the above mentioned survey was realized in the International Study of Asthma and Allergy among children (ISAAC), which was conducted by World Health Organization (WHO), 156 centres from 56 countries took part. Among them, there were four centres from Serbia: Belgrade, Nis, Podgorica and Sombor.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY AND POLLUTION LOAD IN TEJASWINI RIVER NEAR THE MALAVETTUVAN TRIBAL SETTLEMENT, CHERUPUZHA PANCHAYATH, KERALA, INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
Sangeeth Thekkan ◽  
Renjini Haridas ◽  
Paulsamy S
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Canopy Water

Rivers are one of the primary sources of water for drinking, irrigation and other domestic purposes.The present study deals with the water quality assessment of Tejaswini river of Cherupuzha Panchayath, Kannur district, Kerala. The water samples collected from five different sites were analyzed for parameters such as temperature, color, pH, BOD, DO, calcium, magnesium and Escherichia coli. The analysis of the physico– chemical and microbiological characters of the river water indicated that the water quality study of site I was affected severely because the study site is very near to the tribal settlements and also the tribes use thisarea mainly for sewage disposal. Study site II, III, IV and V, which are away from the tribal settlement, the river water is not polluted as it is very far away from the tribal settlement and also nearer to forest canopy. Water from study site I which not suitable for drinking and other domestic use. Therefore, source protectionis suggested for the site I water bodies for the benefit of mankind because it is not safe for human consumption.

scholarly journals The Comparison of Electrodialysis and Nanofiltration in Nitrate Removal from Groundwater

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
J Touir ◽  
S Kitanou ◽  
M Zait ◽  
S Belhamidi ◽  
M Belfaquir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Produced Water ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
World Health ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Agricultural Regions

Nitrate groundwater contamination is of major interest all over the world. This problem arises in agricultural regions across Morocco. An excess amount of nitrate causes a serious problem in urban water networks and human health. Because of these health risks, considerable attention has been paid to find effective treatment processes to reduce nitrate concentrations to safe levels. The World Health Organization has set an acceptable level for nitrate in drinking water at 50 mg/L. The aim of this study is to reduce the nitrate concentration from groundwater using two membrane processes: Electrodialysis (ED) and Nanofiltration (NF). Efficiencies of these two technologies are compared in respect to nitrate ions removal, cost process and final quality of water. The results of technologies show that, for electrodialysis standards level can be achieved for a demineralization rate of 15% and the physico-chemical quality of the produced water is satisfactory. For nanofiltration we obtain a nitrate removal of 90% but the produced water is very de-mineralized and must be remineralized.

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