Comparison of Declarative-Interrogative Intonation in Lampungnese

TEKNOSASTIK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Redika Cindra Reranta
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Acoustic Characteristic ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Lexical Meaning ◽  
Syntactical Structure ◽  
Suprasegmental Features ◽  
Analyze Data

Intonation is a suprasegmental feature of language that constructs the meaning of utterances.  The meaning constructed can be different from the lexical meaning and syntactical structure. This paper tried to examine the intonation system in the Lampung language, especially the acoustic characteristics which distinguish between declarative and interrogative. In this research, the researcher applied the IPO approach to collect and analyze data. Data were gathered by recording native speakers uttering declarative and interrogative sentences that were segmentally identical. Having the data, a perception test was conducted to get the best utterances for each mode as a contour prototype. Next, both prototypes were analyzed respectively using Praat software to find out each acoustic characteristic. Then, they were compared to find the suprasegmental features that characterize the acoustic features of each sentence mode. Based on the analysis, both intonations differed in the pitch of initial, final subject constituent, final complement constituent, initial predicate constituent, final pitch, peak, range of pitch, and duration of utterances. In addition, pitch of peak (H1) and slope (H2) were identified as the most influential component in the formation of a sentence model. Therefore, experiments of manipulating those acoustic features (H1 and H2) and testing them on the perception of native speakers were held to prove the identification. The result of the perception test showed that the peak significantly distinguished the mode of the sentence, the higher pitch of the peak determined the interrogative mode. While the second identification did not give any contribution in creating the meaning.

scholarly journals The importance of word-final vowel duration for non-native portuguese speaker identification by means of Support Vector Machines

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-714
Author(s):  
Suzanne Franks ◽  
Rommel Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machines ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Speaker Identification ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Vowel Duration ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Vector Machines

This article studies the acoustic characteristics of some oral vowels in tonic syllables of Brazilian Portuguese (BP) and which acoustic features are important for classifying native versus non-native speakers of BP. We recorded native and non-native speakers of BP for the purpose of the acoustic analysis of the vowels [a], [i], and [u] in tonic syllables. We analyzed the acoustic parameters of each segment using the Support Vector Machines algorithm to identify to which group, native or non-native, a new speaker belongs. When all of the variables were considered, a precision of 91% was obtained. The two most important acoustic cues to determine if a speaker is native or non-native were the durations of [i] and [u] in a word-final position. These findings can contribute to BP speaker identification as well as to the teaching of the pronunciation of Portuguese as a foreign language.

scholarly journals Study on Influence of Diameter on Detonation Acoustic Characteristics of Pulse Detonation Engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui-yang Xu ◽  
Chun-guang Wang ◽  
Yan-fang Zhu ◽  
Hong-yan Li ◽  
Lun-kun Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Characteristic ◽  
Pulse Detonation Engine ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Experiment System ◽  
Pulse Detonation ◽  
Impact Noise ◽  
Maximum Duration ◽  
Detonation Engine ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Different Diameters

AbstractThe experiment system of pulse detonation engine is set up to investigate on influence of diameter on detonation acoustic characteristic. The research of detonation acoustic characteristic of pulse detonation engine for four different diameters in different angles is carried out. Results from the test show that as the PDE diameter increasing, there are increases in amplitudes of impact noise in all angles, and the growth rate of amplitude of impact noise in the 90° direction is generally greater than that in the 0° direction. The smaller PDE diameter is, the distance of most obvious directivity at 0° turning to most obvious directivity at 30° is shorter. When the distance is shorter, such as 200 mm, the duration of detonation acoustic is increasing with the increase of PDE diameter, however, when the distance is longer, such as 3000 mm, it is just the opposite. The maximum duration of detonation acoustic is appeared in 3000 mm under 30 mm PDE diameter which reaches to 1.44 ms.

scholarly journals Significance of the ‘National and Cultural Component’ When Teaching Foreign Languages (Using Korean as an Example)

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Lyudmila A. Voronina ◽  
Sergey A. Letun
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Lexical Meaning ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Cultural Information ◽  
Effective Delivery ◽  
Translation Methods ◽  
Cultural Component

Key approaches to clarify the notion of the national and cultural component were explored in application to the task of teaching lexical means of communication to Russian speaking students. The authors highlight its significant features that are important in terms of the teaching methods. A number of conclusions, which are significant for this task, were made based on the results of analyzing Korean sememes. The meanings, which are correlated with the national-cultural information conveying ethnocultural realities of the native speakers of the studied language, were determined. Groups of actual issues related to the determination of the scope of national-cultural information to be mastered by the students, mechanisms of its transmission in teaching and methods for the formation of relevant associations and images were highlighted. It is shown that the scope of accumulation of national-cultural information can vary at a certain level of education, therefore, it seems reasonable to talk about the list of associations as additional information to a certain lexical meaning, which has yet to become knowledge and be subsequently used at the stages of training and application of forming the lexical skills. It is stated that in respect of the linguo-didactic aspect it seems more rational to talk about a certain number of associations necessary for complete disclosure of the lexical meaning of the words, since neither translation nor non-translation methods of semantization by themselves allow students to differentiate the corresponding concepts without additional national-cultural information. Thus, methods of the most effective delivery of such information are to be specified for better results of teaching lexical means of communication to students.

scholarly journals The acoustic characteristics of non-native American English vowels

Linguistica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-72
Author(s):  
Biljana Čubrović
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Native American ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
American English ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vowel Quality ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Language Background ◽  
English Vowels ◽  
Native Speech

This study aims at discussing the phonetic property of vowel quality in English, as exercised by both native speakers of General American English (AE) and non-native speakers of General American English of Serbian language background, all residents of the United States. Ten Serbian male speakers and four native male speakers of AE are recorded in separate experiments and their speech analyzed acoustically for any significant phonetic differences, looking into a set of monosyllabic English words representing nine vowels of AE. The general aim of the experiments is to evaluate the phonetic characteristics of AE vowels, with particular attention to F1 and F2 values, investigate which vowels differ most in the two groups of participants, and provide some explanations for these variations. A single most important observation that is the result of this vowel study is an evident merger of three pairs of vowels in the non-native speech: /i ɪ/, /u ʊ/, and /ɛ æ/.

Perception of Vowels and Dental Consonants in Bangla Speech Processing

2013 ◽  
pp. 246-272
Author(s):  
Syed Akhter Hossain ◽  
M. Lutfar Rahman ◽  
Faruk Ahmed ◽  
M. Abdus Sobhan
Keyword(s):  
Speech Enhancement ◽  
Automatic Speech Recognition ◽  
Speech Processing ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Problem Area ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Acoustic Parameters ◽  
Independent Manner

The aim of this chapter is to clearly understand the salient features of Bangla vowels and the sources of acoustic variability in Bangla vowels, and to suggest classification of vowels based on normalized acoustic parameters. Possible applications in automatic speech recognition and speech enhancement have made the classification of vowels an important problem to study. However, Bangla vowels spoken by different native speakers show great variations in their respective formant values. This brings further complications in the acoustic comparison of vowels due to different dialect and language backgrounds of the speakers. This variation necessitates the use of normalization procedures to remove the effect of non-linguistic factors. Although several researchers found a number of acoustical and perceptual correlates of vowels, acoustic parameters that work well in a speaker-independent manner are yet to be found. Besides, study of acoustic features of Bangla dental consonants to identify the spectral differences between different consonants and to parameterize them for the synthesis of the segments is another problem area for study. The extracted features for both Bangla vowels and dental consonants are tested and found with good synthetic representations that demonstrate the quality of acoustic features.

scholarly journals Acoustic Characteristics of Cross-Laminated Timber Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5612
Author(s):  
Antonino Di Bella ◽  
Milica Mitrovic
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Cross Laminated Timber ◽  
Acoustic Modelling ◽  
Improve Measurement ◽  
Reference Curves ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Building Elements

The growing diffusion of cross-laminated timber structures (CLT) has been accompanied by extensive research on the peculiar characteristics of this construction system, mainly concerning its economic and environmental benefits, lifecycle, structural design, resistance to seismic actions, fire protection, and energy efficiency. Nevertheless, some aspects have not yet been fully analysed. These include both the knowledge of noise protection that CLT systems are able to offer in relation to the possible applications and combinations of building elements, and the definition of calculation methods necessary to support the acoustic design. This review focuses on the main acoustic features of CLT systems and investigate on the results of the most relevant research aimed to provide key information on the application of acoustic modelling in CLT buildings. The vibro-acoustic behaviour of the basic component of this system and their interaction through the joints has been addressed, as well as the possible ways to manage acoustic information for calculation accuracy improvement by calibration with data from on-site measurements during the construction phase. This study further suggests the opportunity to improve measurement standards with specific reference curves for the bare CLT building elements, in order to compare different acoustic linings and assemblies on the same base. In addition, this study allows to identify some topics in the literature that are not yet fully clarified, providing some insights on possible future developments in research and for the optimization of these products.

scholarly journals Prosodic reading and reading comprehension in university

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Aulia Rahmawati ◽  
Ida Rosmalina ◽  
Hesti Wahyuni Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sentence Structure ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Reading Levels ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
English Reading ◽  
English Reading Comprehension ◽  
Reading Prosody

This study was aimed at investigating the students’ English reading comprehension on the basis of the importance of prosodic reading in university level by first, measuring the levels of reading prosody and reading comprehension, characterizing the acoustic characteristics produced by the students, and at last associating the first variable to the second variable. Prosodic reading levels were measured by using Multidimensional Fluency Scale, containing four dimensions. To explore the six types of syntactically complex structures produced by the students orally, this study conducted a descriptive analysis, only focused on some features. The findings showed that the students experienced moderate level of reading prosody and reading comprehension. Also, it could be reported that a significant correlation was found between the two variables. The study reported that prosodic reading contributed to reading comprehension with r-obtained .538. A thorough analysis explained that some other related predictors influenced students’ comprehension, like difficulties in recognizing the vocabulary, lack of knowledge to review the four types of sentences, and the length of the passage. Among four dimensions, only pace and expression & volume did contribute to reading comprehension much. Different pause structures produced by the students and the native speakers were clearly identified. This was shown as many students had a long pause and sound hesitate due to their inability to decode the words. Moreover, most of them could not comprehend the sentence structure of the text, when to pause, which words were needed to be stressed, and the intonation used. As a result, they read in a two-three phrases and declined to notice where the endings of sentences and clauses were definitely stated. These results confirmed that pause structure commits as a pivotal factor in determining students’ reading comprehension.

The use of discourse markers in L2 Italian

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna De Marco
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Structural Context ◽  
Acoustic Profile ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Different Levels

This exploratory study intends to investigate the use of discourse markers (DM) in Italian L2 by learners with different L1s and different levels of competence (three at A2/B1 level and two at B2/C1 level). The analysis aims to describe the functions, the distribution, and some acoustic features of three DMs (però ‘but’, allora ‘then’, quindi ‘therefore’) in semi-spontaneous conversations between the learners and two native speakers. The purpose is to determine the possible uses and the relationship between the forms and functions of the DMs in native and non-native speakers distinguishing three main macro-functions (interactional, cognitive and metadiscursive) activated by speakers on the basis of the characteristics of the cotext (acoustic profiles), the context and the communicative situation. Such an analysis suggests a possible sequence in the emergence of DMs in the speech of L2 learners with different levels of competence in the target language. This exploratory study adopts a functional approach (Bazzanella 1995a, b; 2006; Fisher 2006). The outcomes of the analysis show that learners use a variety of DM forms and functions, and that some functions only emerge in more proficient speakers. The structural context and, to a lesser degree, the acoustic profile prove to be reliable indicators of the spectrum of functions performed by DMs in verbal interaction.

Acoustic Analysis of Breathy and Rough Voice Characterizing Elderly Speech

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Miyazaki ◽  
◽  
Mitsunori Mizumachi ◽  
Katsuyuki Niyada
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Listening Tests ◽  
Amplitude Spectra ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Age Range

This paper aims at investigating acoustic features, which can objectively explain breathiness and roughness of elderly speech, respectively. In this paper, acoustic analysis was carried out using word sequences, which were uttered by 153 male speakers in the age range of between 20 and 89 years old. Concerning the breathiness, we confirmed that elderly breathy voices caused energy lift in higher frequency region over 4 kHz in average power spectra during the stationary parts in the uttered vowels. Concerning roughness, we observed the slight fluctuations, which synchronized with vocal cord vibration, in amplitude spectra during stationary parts of vowels. Based on acoustic analysis results, we propose physical parameters for measuring breathiness and roughness, respectively. In this paper, listening tests were carried out to quantitatively give the subject degrees of breathiness and roughness, respectively. It was confirmed that the proposed physical parameters had correlation with each of subjective degrees. Relationships between age and acoustic characteristics of breathiness and roughness were investigated using the proposed parameters. It is confirmed that the degree of breathiness and roughness increased in proportion to age, especially in age ranges over 60 years old.

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