scholarly journals Repeatability and reproducibility of a topographic system to evaluate the spine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e494101119356
Author(s):  
Jefferson Kran Sarti ◽  
Priscilla Rayanne e Silva Noll ◽  
Daise Fernanda Santos Souza Escobar ◽  
Sheila Oliveira Feitosa ◽  
Dhecyeny Alves Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Cervical Vertebra ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Seventh Cervical Vertebra ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
The Right ◽  
Study Participants

Objective: This study aimed to determine the repeatability and reproducibility of a topographic system for evaluating the spine in students. Methods: Thirty-seven students participated in this study. Participants were positioned with their backs facing the system, in orthostatic posture, with bare backs. The spinous processes of the seventh cervical vertebra (C7) and second sacral vertebra (S2), and the right and left posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) were marked. Each student was evaluated five times, once on the first day and four times on the second day. The following variables were used for evaluation: kyphosis angle, lordosis angle, trunk length, and anterior and lateral perturbations. SPSS 17.0 (IBM, Armont, NY, USA) was used for performing statistical analyses, which included descriptive analysis, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), and one-way ANOVA, with a significance level of 0.05. Results: topographic system showed excellent values, and a positive correlation was observed with reference to the ICC of reproducibility and repeatability for all analyzed variables. Conclusion: These results show that this system can be used to diagnose postural changes, and to estimate thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis angles. It can also be used for providing additional information on the positioning of the surface of the back.

scholarly journals Conservative Management of Cervical Rib- A Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 218-222
Author(s):  
Ayush Agrawal ◽  
Shivani Uttamchandani ◽  
Mitushi Deshmukh ◽  
Madhu Lakhwani ◽  
Om C. Wadhokar
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Cervical Vertebra ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Cervical Rib ◽  
Successful Recovery ◽  
Seventh Cervical Vertebra ◽  
The Right ◽  
Reduced Mobility

Background: An additional rib that develops from the seventh cervical vertebra is known as a cervical rib, a congenital anomaly placed above the typical first rib, affecting 0.2- 0.5 percent of the total population. It may be seen on either the left or right sides. The majority of patients have little or no complaints and are identified by chance during an X-ray or CT scan. Due to the extreme compression on the arteries, veins and nerves caused by the position of the rib, which varies in shape and size, they might develop thoracic outlet syndrome. A cervical rib is a prolonged ossification of the lateral costal segment of the Cervical 7th vertebra. Clinical Presentation: A 18 years old female patient was diagnosed with cervical rib on X-ray due to persistent pain at right hand. Patient concern with reduced mobility of the right upper limb and unable to lift the hand. The patient went physiotherapy treatment which comprise of exercise and electro therapy for 10 weeks which resulted in improvements in pain and range of motion and functional activities Conclusion: The case report suggest that a prompt structured physical rehab let to improving the functional goals progressively and significantly which is a measured aspect leading to a successful recovery.

Test-Retest Reliability of the Functional Rotation Test in Healthy Adults

2003 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell Batavia ◽  
John G. Gianutsos
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Reliability Indices ◽  
Rotation Test ◽  
The Right ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Study Participants

Test-retest reliability and concurrent validity for a Functional Rotation Test, developed as a clinical tool for quantifying the extent of body rotation while sitting or standing, were evaluated with healthy adults in this study. Participants, ages 20 to 72 years ( n = 36) donned laser-pointing devices, stood or sat in the center of a room calibrated for the test, and actively turned and pointed to the right (or left) as far as they could comfortably. The locations of the lasers were recorded and subsequently scored. Testing was repeated after a brief rest. Concurrent measurements between a clinical goniometer and the Functional Rotation Test were also compared. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) indicated good to excellent test-retest reliability indices, ranging from .89 to .96 for standing and .87 to .95 for sitting tests. Agreement between the Functional Rotation Test and the goniometer was excellent (ICC = 1.0). The relevance and possible applications of the Functional Rotation Test are discussed.

scholarly journals Postural changes and pain in the academic performance of elementary school students

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Homéria Leite de Morais Sampaio ◽  
Lucia Conde de Oliveira ◽  
Francisco José Maia Pinto ◽  
Maria Zuleide Amorim Muniz ◽  
Regina Cláudia Tabosa Ferreira Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Postural Changes

Abstract Postural changes and pain in the spine of children and adolescents of school age are influenced by the permanent incorrect sitting position, misuse of furniture and weight of the backpack. The aim of this study was to verify postural changes and pain in the academic performance of elementary school students. It was a cross-sectional study, with a descriptive and analytical approach. The subjects were 83 elementary students, aged 8 to 12 years, of Kindergarten and Elementary Education at Paulo Sarasate Municipal School, Ceará. It was performed from March to June 2008. In the physical examination it was used an evaluation form, based on Global Postural reeducation, by Souchard method, which included the variables: compromised anterior, posterior, superior shoulder muscle chains and pain and, in academic performance, a semi-structured questionnaire with the variables: behavior, attendance and performance. The data was stored in the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 18.0. In the descriptive analysis, absolute and relative frequencies were used, and in the inferential analysis, the following tests were applied: Mann-Whitney, to verify the existence of significant differences in changes in groups A and B, at a significance level of 5%, and the F statistical test, for comparing postural changes and pain, in the three grades. Results: it was noted that the majority of the students presented postural changes, such as forward head, lifted shoulders, dorsal hyperkyphosis and pain, which predominantly occurred in the anterior chain, when compared with the posterior and superior chains. These changes in both groups were statistically significant only in subjects of the fifth grade with satisfactory academic performance and behavior. It was concluded that there was no association between postural changes and school performance, although it was influenced by pain.

scholarly journals Determination of the order of fractional derivative for subdiffusion equations

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1647-1662
Author(s):  
Ravshan Ashurov ◽  
Sabir Umarov
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Derivative ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Time Instant ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Fractional Modeling ◽  
Time Fractional Derivative ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right Order

Abstract The identification of the right order of the equation in applied fractional modeling plays an important role. In this paper we consider an inverse problem for determining the order of time fractional derivative in a subdiffusion equation with an arbitrary second order elliptic differential operator. We prove that the additional information about the solution at a fixed time instant at a monitoring location, as “the observation data”, identifies uniquely the order of the fractional derivative.

scholarly journals C-factor: a summary measure for systemic arterial calcifications

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lieke M. Kuiper ◽  
M. Kamran Ikram ◽  
Maryam Kavousi ◽  
Meike W. Vernooij ◽  
M. Arfan Ikram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cox Regression ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Arterial Calcification ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Single Measure ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract Background Arterial calcification, the hallmark of arteriosclerosis, has a widespread distribution in the human body with only moderate correlation among sites. Hitherto, a single measure capturing the systemic burden of arterial calcification was lacking. In this paper, we propose the C-factor as an overall measure of calcification burden. Methods To quantify calcification in the coronary arteries, aortic arch, extra- and intracranial carotid arteries, and vertebrobasilar arteries, 2384 Rotterdam Study participants underwent cardiac and extra-cardiac non-enhanced CT. We performed principal component analyses on the calcification volumes of all twenty-six possible combinations of these vessel beds. Each analysis’ first principal component represents the C-factor. Subsequently, we determined the correlation between the C-factor derived from all vessel beds and the other C-factors with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analyses. Finally, we examined the association of the C-factor and calcification in the separate vessel beds with cardiovascular, non-cardiovascular, and overall mortality using Cox–regression analyses. Results The ICCs ranged from 0.80 to 0.99. Larger calcification volumes and a higher C-factor were all individually associated with higher risk of cardiovascular, non-cardiovascular, and overall mortality. When included simultaneously in a model, the C-factor was still associated with all three mortality types (adjusted hazard ratio per standard deviation increase (HR) > 1.52), whereas associations of the separate vessel beds with mortality attenuated substantially (HR < 1.26). Conclusions The C-factor summarizes the systemic component of arterial calcification on an individual level and appears robust among different combinations of vessel beds. Importantly, when mutually adjusted, the C-factor retains its strength of association with mortality while the site-specific associations attenuate.

scholarly journals Domestic violence and coping strategies among married adults during lockdown due to Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in India: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Priyanka Sharma ◽  
Anita Khokhar
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frontline Workers ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background: There has been a reported increase in cases of domestic violence during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, however systematic research data is still unavailable. This study was conducted to find out domestic violence prevalence and coping strategies among married adults during lockdown due to COVID-19 in India. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among married men and women in the month of April 2020. Data regarding socio-demographic profile, domestic violence and coping strategies employed during lockdown was collected thorough google forms. 97.9% forms were completely filled by the respondents. Descriptive analysis was done. Results: Out of 94 study participants, about 7.4% (n=7) had faced domestic violence during lockdown. Out of these 7 participants, about 85.7% (n=6) reported increased frequency of domestic violence during lockdown. About half of the victims chose to ignore it (57.1%, n=4) or used yoga/meditation (42.9%, n=3) to cope. Conclusion: With about 7.4% study participants facing domestic violence during lockdown, it is necessary to study its detailed epidemiology in pandemics so that interventions like helpline numbers, screening of patients during tele-consultation, etc. which can be delivered even during lockdown with the help of healthcare and frontline workers could be devised to address this problem.

Functional and autoradiographic characterization of dopamine D2-like receptors in the guinea pig heart

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 578-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
María de Jesús Gómez ◽  
Guy Rousseau ◽  
Réginald Nadeau ◽  
Roberto Berra ◽  
Gonzalo Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Dopamine Receptors ◽  
Negative Inotropic Effect ◽  
Cyclase Activity ◽  
Inotropic Effect ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Guinea Pig Heart ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
The Right

Dopamine receptors include the D1- (D1 and D5 subtypes) and D2-like (D2, D3, and D4 subtypes) families. D1-like receptors are positively and D2-like receptors negatively coupled to the adenylyl cyclase. Dopamine D2-like (D4 subtype) receptors have been identified in human and rat hearts. However the presence of D2 and D3 receptor subtypes is unclear. Furthermore, their role in cardiac functions is unknown. By autoradiographic studies of guinea pig hearts, we identified D3 and D4 receptors, using the selective radioligands [3H]-7-OH-DPAT and [3H]emonapride (YM-09151-2 plus raclopride). Western blot analysis confirmed D3 and D4 receptors in the right and left ventricle of the same species. Selective agonists of D3 and D4 receptors (±)-7-OH-DPAT and PD 168 077 (10–9 to 10–5 M, respectively) induced a significant negative chronotropic and inotropic effect in the isolated guinea pig heart preparation. Negative inotropic effect induced by PD 168 077 was associated with an inhibition in cyclase activity. No changes in cyclase activity were found with (±)-7-OH-DPAT. The aim of this study is to support the presence of D3 and D4 receptors in the heart. Although our results suggest that D3 and D4 receptors are functionally active in the heart, we need additional information with an antagonist and an agonist of improved potency and selectivity to understand the respective roles of D3 and D4 receptors in the cardiac functions.Key words: Dopamine receptors (D2, D3, D4 subtypes), autoradiography, Western blot, cAMP, heart.

scholarly journals A Descriptive Analysis of Transitions from Smoking to Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) Use: A Daily Diary Investigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6301
Author(s):  
Tamlin S. Conner ◽  
Jiaxu Zeng ◽  
Mei-Ling Blank ◽  
Vicky He ◽  
Janet Hoek
Keyword(s):  
Delivery System ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Daily Diary ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Nicotine Delivery ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Tobacco Usage

Objectives: We aimed to examine patterns in smoking and electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) use over an extended period of time (up to 20 weeks) in people who smoked and who had never previously made a successful quit attempt using an ENDS. Design and setting: We conducted a longitudinal mixed-methods study in Dunedin, New Zealand, during 2018 and 2019. Participants: Purposively selected participants (N = 45; age (≥18 years), gender, ethnicities, cigarettes/day) who wished to quit smoking. Interventions: Participants were provided with a second-generation ENDS device (vape pen or starter “tank” device) at the start of their quit attempt, and asked to complete smartphone-based daily diary surveys assessing smoking and ENDS use. Outcome measures: Sunburst plots and a sequence plot were used to describe weekly and daily patterns of smoking and ENDS use (smoking only, ENDS use only, dual use, abstinent). Results: The most frequently reported movements among participants, classified according to their study week behaviour, occurred between dual use and exclusive ENDS use (and vice versa). A smaller group reported moving from dual use to exclusive smoking (and often back to dual use), and a small number reported moving between abstinence and different ENDS and smoked tobacco usage behaviours. Data visualisations focussing on those participants who had provided data during each of weeks 9–12 indicate that only a minority reported sustained dual use; instead, most participants indicated varied smoked tobacco and ENDS use, which included periods of dual use. Conclusions: The considerable variety observed within and between study participants suggests that high variability is typical rather than exceptional. Transitions from smoking to ENDS use may involve considerable periods of dual use, which is likely to be dynamic and potentially sustained over several months.

scholarly journals Role of Provocable Brugada ECG Pattern in The Correct Risk Stratification for Major Arrhythmic Events

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1025
Author(s):  
Nicolò Martini ◽  
Martina Testolina ◽  
Gian Luca Toffanin ◽  
Rocco Arancio ◽  
Luca De Mattia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Right Ventricular Outflow Tract ◽  
Ventricular Outflow Tract ◽  
Conduction Delay ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
The Right

The so-called Brugada syndrome (BS), first called precordial early repolarization syndrome (PERS), is characterized by the association of a fascinating electrocardiographic pattern, namely an aspect resembling right bundle branch block with a coved and sometime upsloping ST segment elevation in the precordial leads, and major ventricular arrhythmic events that could rarely lead to sudden death. Its electrogenesis has been related to a conduction delay mostly, but not only, located on the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), probably due to a progressive fibrosis of the conduction system. Many tests have been proposed to identify people at risk of sudden death and, among all, ajmaline challenge, thanks to its ability to enhance latent conduction defects, became so popular, even if its role is still controversial as it is neither specific nor sensitive enough to guide further invasive investigations and managements. Interestingly, a type 1 pattern has also been induced in many other cardiac diseases or systemic diseases with a cardiac involvement, such as long QT syndrome (LQTS), arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and myotonic dystrophy, without any clear arrhythmic risk profile. Evidence-based studies clearly showed that a positive ajmaline test does not provide any additional information on the risk stratification for major ventricular arrhythmic events on asymptomatic individuals with a non-diagnostic Brugada ECG pattern.

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