scholarly journals Drug interactions between herbal medicines and oral contraceptives

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. e372101321331
Author(s):  
Daniella Jordão Valmiro ◽  
Lucas Moyses Pinto ◽  
Lucas Nascimento Barbosa ◽  
Luiza Beatriz Carvalho de Araújo ◽  
Rodrigo Vieira Gonzaga
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Saw Palmetto ◽  
Kava Kava

The use of herbal medicines has grown considerably in recent years, due to the erroneous thought that products of plant origin are harmless, and therefore do not cause adverse effects or have drug interactions. The use of these drugs with oral contraceptives can bring risks to patients. The potential negative clinical effects that can be caused by these drug interactions must be emphasized to prevent risks and ensure the effectiveness of this contraceptive method that is one of the most used by women seeking to prevent pregnancy. The users of herbal medicines usually believe that herbal medicine is a therapeutic alternative free of adverse effects and/or incapable of causing drug interactions, but herbal medicines are composed of several chemical compounds, which, in turn, may be responsible for antagonistic and/or synergistic effects with other drugs. The main interactions that can occur with contraceptives are with popularly used herbal medicines such as licorice, alfalfa, cannabis, cimicifuga, St. John's wort, ginseng, kava-kava, saw palmetto, sene, and soy. The herbal medicines have several chemical compounds, among which we highlight the secondary metabolites, responsible for the pharmacological actions and mechanism of action of drug interactions, which are often similar in plants that have in their composition the same metabolites, as in the case of saponins and isoflavones that reduce the speed of biotransformation of oral contraceptives.

scholarly journals Unraveling the Molecular Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Formulas Against Acute Airway Viral Infections as Examples

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (19) ◽  
pp. 3505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Shin Eng ◽  
Chien Hsing Lee ◽  
Wei Chang Lee ◽  
Ching Chun Huang ◽  
Jung San Chang
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Clinical Effects

Herbal medicine, including traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is widely used worldwide. Herbs and TCM formulas contain numerous active molecules. Basically, they are a kind of cocktail therapy. Herb-drug, herb-food, herb-herb, herb-microbiome, and herb-disease interactions are complex. There is potential for both benefit and harm, so only after understanding more of their mechanisms and clinical effects can herbal medicine and TCM be helpful to users. Many pharmacologic studies have been performed to unravel the molecular mechanisms; however, basic and clinical studies of good validity are still not enough to translate experimental results into clinical understanding and to provide tough evidence for better use of herbal medicines. There are still issues regarding the conflicting pharmacologic effects, pharmacokinetics, drug interactions, adverse and clinical effects of herbal medicine and TCM. Understanding study validation, pharmacologic effects, drug interactions, indications and clinical effects, adverse effects and limitations, can all help clinicians in providing adequate suggestions to patients. At present, it would be better to use herbs and TCM formulas according to their traditional indications matching the disease pathophysiology and their molecular mechanisms. To unravel the molecular mechanisms and understand the benefits and harms of herbal medicine and TCM, there is still much work to be done.

scholarly journals Herbal Medicine for Pain Management: Efficacy and Drug Interactions

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Behdad Jahromi ◽  
Iulia Pirvulescu ◽  
Kenneth D. Candido ◽  
Nebojsa Nick Knezevic
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Complementary And Alternative Medicines ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Complementary And Alternative

Complementary and alternative medicines such as herbal medicines are not currently part of the conventional medical system. As the popularity of and global market for herbal medicine grows among all age groups, with supporting scientific data and clinical trials, specific alternative treatments such as herbal medicine can be reclassified as a practice of conventional medicine. One of the most common conditions for which adults use herbal medicine is pain. However, herbal medicines carry safety concerns and may impact the efficacy of conventional therapies. Unfortunately, mechanisms of action are poorly understood, and their use is unregulated and often underreported to medical professionals. This review aims to compile common and available herbal medicines which can be used as an alternative to or in combination with conventional pain management approaches. Efficacy and safety are assessed through clinical studies on pain relief. Ensuing herb–drug interactions such as cytochrome modulation, additive and synergistic effects, and contraindications are discussed. While self-management has been recognized as part of the overall treatment strategy for patients suffering from chronic pain, it is important for practitioners to be able to also optimize and integrate herbal medicine and, if warranted, other complementary and alternative medicines into their care.

Herbal Drug Interactions

2017 ◽  
pp. 201-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mymoona Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Herbal Drug ◽  
Herbal Therapy ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Regulatory Bodies

Use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) for preventive and therapeutic purposes has increased tremendously in the last two decades internationally. The manufacturers of these products are not required to submit proof of safety or efficacy to the Food and Drug Administration. As a result, the adverse effects and drug interactions associated with them are largely unknown. In this chapter, the author presents interactions of herbal medicines with other medicines (herbal or non-herbal). A large number of herbal drugs, including from single drug to a variety of mixtures have been used to treat kidney disorders. Herb-herb or herb drug interaction has been reported intensively during last decade, therefore it becomes important to keep an eye on the use of combination herbal therapy in order to avoid serious results because of interactions with each other. Due to the growing awareness about the interactions and side effects of herbal drugs/supplements over the past few years, regulatory bodies are working on these issues and pharmacopoeias are being developed for reference.

Herbal Drug Interactions

2022 ◽  
pp. 120-141
Author(s):  
Mymoona Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Herbal Drug ◽  
Herbal Therapy ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Regulatory Bodies

Use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) for preventive and therapeutic purposes has increased tremendously in the last two decades internationally. The manufacturers of these products are not required to submit proof of safety or efficacy to the Food and Drug Administration. As a result, the adverse effects and drug interactions associated with them are largely unknown. In this chapter, the author presents interactions of herbal medicines with other medicines (herbal or non-herbal). A large number of herbal drugs, including from single drug to a variety of mixtures have been used to treat kidney disorders. Herb-herb or herb drug interaction has been reported intensively during last decade, therefore it becomes important to keep an eye on the use of combination herbal therapy in order to avoid serious results because of interactions with each other. Due to the growing awareness about the interactions and side effects of herbal drugs/supplements over the past few years, regulatory bodies are working on these issues and pharmacopoeias are being developed for reference.

scholarly journals A Perspective on the Phytopharmaceuticals Responsible for the Therapeutic Applications

2017 ◽  
pp. 425-458
Author(s):  
Rajesh K. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Plant Source ◽  
Plant Products ◽  
Therapeutic Applications

The word phytopharmaceutical deals with a complex mixture of compounds derived from the plant source that is used as a medicine or drug. Primitive human societies have been depending on plants and plant products for various remedies. Several plants in the different forms have been reported in traditional medicine and to find a rational for the treatment of various diseases than to isolated single compounds. Many of the single compounds isolated from the plant origin are effectively used in the medicine. The search of natural products in drug discovery has been greatly enhanced in the last few years. The impetus to use phytopharmaceutical agents for the treatment of disease, most of the plant based drugs are quite safe and have lesser adverse effects and are claimed that it works as synergistic effects.

A Perspective on the Phytopharmaceuticals Responsible for the Therapeutic Applications

2016 ◽  
pp. 229-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh K. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Plant Source ◽  
Plant Products ◽  
Therapeutic Applications

The word phytopharmaceutical deals with a complex mixture of compounds derived from the plant source that is used as a medicine or drug. Primitive human societies have been depending on plants and plant products for various remedies. Several plants in the different forms have been reported in traditional medicine and to find a rational for the treatment of various diseases than to isolated single compounds. Many of the single compounds isolated from the plant origin are effectively used in the medicine. The search of natural products in drug discovery has been greatly enhanced in the last few years. The impetus to use phytopharmaceutical agents for the treatment of disease, most of the plant based drugs are quite safe and have lesser adverse effects and are claimed that it works as synergistic effects.

An Insight into Herb - Drug Interactions

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-706
Author(s):  
Harish Chandra Rodda ◽  
Raj Kumar Molmoori ◽  
Sujatha Samala ◽  
Nagaraj Banala ◽  
Veeresham Ciddi
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Drug Combinations ◽  
St John's Wort ◽  
Prescription Medicines ◽  
Insight Into

Alternative medicine is becoming popular worldwide and this is clearly evident from the rapidly escalating sales figures. The time tested and clinically proven  herbal medicines like St. John’s wort, Ginkgo biloba, Garlic, Ephedra, Echinacea etc., make up most of the world’s market as for as alternative medicine is concerned. In spite of its increasing popularity, global criticism regarding the safety of herbal medicines is gaining importance. The surfacing of the adverse effects/adverse events due to concomitant use of herbs and prescription medicines undermine the safety of herbal medicines. The safety of herbal medicines still remains a daunting task. The herbs like St. John’s wort, Ginkgo biloba, Garlic, Ephedra, Echinacea etc., have been reported to interact pharmacokinetically and pharmacodynamically with several prescription medicines. The available literature also bolsters that concomitant use of herbs and drugs can lead to several adverse effects/adverse events. This article presents most of the significant herb – drug interactions reported till date along with a note on the predicted interactions which may/may not occur. There are certain herb – drug combinations which can produce therapeutic benefit and these beneficial herb – drug combinations are also detailed in this article. This review gives an insight into herb – drug interactions, stressing the need to carryout studies on herb – drug interactions at a faster pace, which can strengthen the concept of herbal medicine

Adverse effects and drug interactions of herbal medicines

2009 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
pp. S48
Author(s):  
Nursen Basaran ◽  
A. Ahmet Basaran
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Herbal Medicines

Herbal Products for Common Auto-Inflammatory Disorders - Novel Approaches

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanoo Suroowan ◽  
Fawzi Mahomoodally
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Inflammatory Disorders ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Synthetic Agents ◽  
Unique Approach ◽  
Novel Approaches

Background: Common auto-inflammatory disorders (CAIDs) constitute a wide array of ailments ranging from acute allergies to chronic conditions. Globally, CAIDs remain one of the leading causes of disability and morbidity. Despite playing a leading therapeutic role, the vast profusion of anti-inflammatory synthetic agents have not been able to fully resolve a panoply of CAIDs. Additionally, contemporary synthetic therapy approaches remain bounded by a wide array of limitations essentially being adverse effects and unaffordable costs. In this advent, the use of herbal products provides an interesting avenue to explore in view of developing such treatment regimens. Objective: This review article endeavors to highlight potential herbal products and isolated phytochemicals which can be of benefit in the prophylaxis, management, and treatment alongside avoiding the relapse of CAIDs. Conclusion: This review article has highlighted that herbals, herbal products, and isolated metabolites hold a huge potential in the prophylaxis, management, and treatment of CAIDs. Herbals can act on various targets involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders. In addition, novel approaches for the management of CAIDs are numerous. Indeed, nanoparticles loaded with phytochemicals have been developed to specifically target the colon for IBD treatment. In silico approaches using herbals also offer unlimited avenues to decipher new pharmacophores. Investigating the potential of polyherbal formulations is another unique approach which can be investigated. Given the inefficacy of conventional medicines, the concomitant use of conventional and herbal medicines can also be explored.

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