scholarly journals Antioxidant and gastroprotective effects of the ethyl acetate extract from Stemodia maritima L. in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. e195101522548
Author(s):  
Rayane Siqueira de Sousa ◽  
Jéssica de Andrade Gomes Silva ◽  
Elizabeth Fernanda de Oliveira Borba ◽  
Katharina Rodrigues de Lima Porto Ramos ◽  
Camila Joyce Alves da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gastroprotective Activity ◽  
Ulcer Model ◽  
Phytochemical Profile

Stemodia maritima L., is a shrub of the Plantaginaceae family, with some biological activities already described, such as: larvicide, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant, and gastroprotective activities of the ethyl acetate extract from S. maritima. The phytochemical profile was investigated through the quantification of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and CCD analysis. The toxicity of the extract was performed through cell viability using L929 line cell, and acute toxicity by the OECD Guide 423. The antioxidant activity was analyzed by the methods of reduction of the ferric ion (FRAP), total antioxidant activity (TAA), and the gastroprotective activity by the absolute ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model, with analysis of NO, MDA, GSH and MPO levels in the stomach tissues. In the phytochemical profile it was possible to identify the presence of flavonoids, triterpenes, steroids, mono, and sesquiterpenes. The extract was not cytotoxic against L929 lineage, maintaining cell viability above 70% at the doses tested, and in acute toxicity it did not show physiological changes indicative of toxicity compared to the control group. The extract presented antioxidant activity of 157.3 ± 9.7 mg equivalent of Trolox/g of extract in the FRAP method, and 50.0 ± 1.1 % by TAA. The ethyl acetate extract of S. maritima, at the doses tested, reduced the ulcerative lesion index compared to the injured control group, increased the levels of NO and GSH, and was able to decrease the concentrations of MDA and MPO, enhancing their gastroprotective activity.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Profile And Antioxidant Activity Of Guazuma ulmifolia Leaves Extracts Using Different Solvent Extraction

2020 ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Mohamad Rafi ◽  
Nadya Meitary ◽  
Dewi Anggraini Septaningsih ◽  
Maria Bintang
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ftir Spectrum ◽  
Dry Powder ◽  
Guazuma Ulmifolia ◽  
Phytochemical Profile

Guazuma ulmifolia is one of the common tropical plants that has long been used as a traditional medicine to reduce body weight as slimming herbs and to lower the cholesterol in the body. The leaves of G. ulmifolia contain phenolics compound such as flavonoids and tannin that contributes to its biological activities. In this research, we determined the content of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, antioxidant activity, and FTIR spectrum profile from four extracts of G. ulmifolia leaves. The extraction method used in this study was stepwise maceration with different solvents n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and water. The content of total phenolics and flavonoids were found high in ethanol extract of G. ulmifolia leaves with 35.42 and 44.85 mg QE/g dry powder, respectively. The highest content of total tannins was obtained in ethyl acetate extract of G. ulmifolia leaves as 0.55%. Antioxidant activity from four extracts of G. ulmifolia leaves was measured using DPPH, CUPRAC, and reducing power method. The highest antioxidant activity for DPPH and CUPRAC method was obtained in ethyl acetate extract with the antioxidant capacity as 55.47 and 98.17 µmol trolox/g dry powder, respectively. While using reducing power assay gives the capacity 176.75 µmol trolox/g dry powder in the water extract. The pattern of FTIR spectra from four extracts of G. ulmifolia leaves gives the distinct characteristics of each spectrum profile. Principal component analysis using FTIR spectrum shows good clustering for each extract with 94% data variability (PC1= 77% and PC2 = 17%). It can be concluded that each extract of G. ulmifolia leaves gives a distinct phytochemical profile (phenolics content, flavonoids, tannins, and FTIR spectrum) that contributes to the antioxidant activity. This antioxidant activity mainly influenced by the concentration of phenolic compounds, which is known to have antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals The gastroprotective effect of Memora nodosa roots against experimental gastric ulcer in mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (3 suppl) ◽  
pp. 1819-1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAYANE M. SILVA ◽  
JOSÉ L.R. MARTINS ◽  
IZIARA F. FLORENTINO ◽  
DANILLO R. OLIVEIRA ◽  
JAMES O. FAJEMIROYE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gastroprotective Activity ◽  
Gastric Mucus ◽  
Ulcer Model ◽  
Cold Restraint Stress ◽  
Intraduodenal Administration ◽  
Cold Restraint

ABSTRACT Memora nodosa is popularly known as "caroba" and widely found in the Cerrado regions of Brazil. In traditional medicine, the leaves and stems are used for the healing of external ulcer and the roots for abdominal pain. This study investigated the effect of ethanolic roots extract of Memora nodosa (EMN) on the gastric mucosa of mice. In the indomethacin induced gastric ulcer model, the treatments of the animals with EMN at doses of 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg, p.o., markedly reduced the index of lesions. In the gastric ulcer models induced by ethanol and cold restraint-stress the previous treatment with EMN at dose of 300 mg/kg showed 69% and 43% of protection, respectively. Seven days after food-restriction, the animals treated with EMN (300 mg/kg p.o.) showed reduction in the index of lesion by 65% as compared to control group. The intraduodenal administration of EMN (300 mg/kg) did not alter the gastric acid secretion parameters. The treatment with EMN (300 mg/kg p.o.) did not alter glutathione levels (GSH), but showed an increase of adhered gastric mucus as compared to the control group with lesion. These results showed that EMN has gastroprotective activity probably due with an increase of adhered gastric mucus.

Identification of phytoconstituents of Tragia involucrata leaf extracts and evaluate their correlation with anti-inflammatory & antioxidant properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinodhini Velu ◽  
Swagata Banerjee ◽  
Vidya Rajendran ◽  
Gaurav Gupta ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Chellappan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Membrane Stabilization ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Aims: The present investigation was aimed at exploring the phytoconstituents using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy and to evaluate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the leaf extracts. Materials and Methods: The extracts were obtained sequentially with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and water using soxhlet apparatus. The anti-inflammatory property of the identified compounds using GC- MS spectroscopy was evaluated in silico. The antioxidant activity was performed by DPPH and H2O2 method whereas anti-inflammatory study was carried out by HRBC membrane stabilization method. Terpenoids were found to be major constituents in petroleum ether extract while, phenols and flavonoids were predominantly found in ethyl acetate extract. Results and Discussion: The GC-MS analysis of the extract revealed six major molecules including Squalene, 19β, 28- epoxyleanan-3-ol and 2-tu-Butyl-5-chloromethyl-3-methyl-4-oxoimidazolidine-1-carboxylic acid. The ethyl acetate extract showed a significant antioxidant activity (P<0.01) in both DPPH method (70.87 %) and H2O2 method (73.58%) at 200 µg mL-1 . Increased membrane stabilization of petroleum ether extract was observed in the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity study. A strong relationship between the terpenoid content and anti-inflammatory activity was obtained from the correlation (0.971) and docking study. Conclusion: These results justify T. involucrata to be a rich source of terpenoids with potent antiinflammatory property.

scholarly journals Formulation and Evaluation of Antioxidant Peel-Off Face Mask Containing Red Dragon Fruit Rind Extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus Haw.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Trasna Arman Jani ◽  
Aliefman Hakim ◽  
Yohanes Juliantoni
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Product Evaluations ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Dispersive Power

Peel-Off face mask is one of the cosmetics that is used to treat skin from free radicals. Peel-off face mask can minimize the effects of free radicals because it contains antioxidant. One of the antioxidant sources is red dragon fruit’s rind (Hylocereuspolyrhizus Haw.). The aim of this study is to obtain Peel-Off face mask of red dragon fruit’s rind extract that contains anthocyanin. Red dragon fruit’s rind was macerated by ethanol 96%, ethyl acetate and n-hexane added citric acid (4:1) solvents. TLC test used Chloroform: ethyl acetate: n-butanol (5:4:1) eluent and sprayed by AlCl3. Antioxidant activity of extract was tested using DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picryhidrazyl) method. Peel-Off face mask was made using PVA, HPMC, methyl paraben, propylparaben, propylenglycol, extract, ethanol 96% and aquadest. The rendemen of ethanol 96% extract was 9,476%, ethyl acetate extract was 0,783% and n-hexane extract was 0,631%. The results of TLC test showed yellow spots on the ethyl acetate and ethanol 96% extracts which indicated that extract contained flavonoids (anthocyanin). The results of antioxidant activity test showed that IC50 value of ethanol 96% extract was 189,7422 (AAI=0,2087), ethyl acetate extract was 196,9398 (AAI=0,2011), and n-hexane extract was 385,3664 (AAI=0,1027). The result of the product evaluations showed that all the formulas complied the product requirements such as the organoleptic, homogenity, pH, dispersive power and drying time. Peel-off face mask already meet the product requirements but further research is needed to test the product stability and activity.

scholarly journals The Dose Effect of Mangrove Leaf Extract (Rhizophora apiculata) on Anticancer Activity in HeLa Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dwi Mahfud Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Hela Cell ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Disease cancer caused by abnormal growth of tissue where there has been an error, fast and out of control. Judging from the fact of gender, more than 270,000 women die every year caused by cervical cancer. To inhibit the growth of cancer cells, a compound is needed that causes the cell cycle to stop so that the ability of cell proliferation decreases. Alkaloid compounds can inhibit proliferation through oxidative inhibition processes that can cause cancer. Mangrove plants have potential as anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant. The content of chemical compounds found in mangroves are flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, phenolites, saponins and tannins. These compounds show high antioxidant activity and are shown to have a real relationship with the properties of the material's bioactivity against cancer cells. One of the mangrove species is Rhizophora apiculata. The purpose of this study was to determine the IC50 value produced by Rhizophora apiculata mangrove leaf extract on HeLa cell viability and to see the effect of Rhizophora apiculata mangrove leaf extract dosage on HeLa cell viability. The method used in this research is the experimental method. The research parameters included yield, proximate test, phytochemical test, toxicity test, total phenol test, cytotoxicity test and LC-MS test. The experimental design used was a simple and complex completely randomized design (CRD) with the Tukey test.The results of this study showed that the highest yield was in the ethanol extract of 5.91%, while the n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts respectively had yields of 1.18% and 1.31%. The results of the proximate test on the water content of leaves and powder were 64.53% and 13.86%, respectively, the results of the ash content in the leaves and powder of Rhizophora apiculata were 3.94% and 8.41%, respectively. while the water content in the extract obtained the highest yield in the ethanol extract of 21.42%, while the n-hexane extract and ethyl acetate extract were 11.08% and 15.42%, respectively. For phytochemical results, it was found that n-hexane extract only contained alkaloids, flavonoids and steroids. Ethyl acetate extract contains steroid compounds. Meanwhile, the ethanol extract contains the most bioactive compounds, namely saponins, flavonoids, tannins and triterpenoids. The toxicity test using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method resulted in the lowest IC50 of ethanol extract at 49.45 ppm while the n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts were 251.63 ppm and 920.45 ppm respectively. In the total phenol test, the n-hexane extract was 66.79 mg GAE / 100 gr, 222.97 mg GAE / 100 gr ethyl acetate extract and 929.04 mg GAE / 100 gr ethanol extract. HeLa cell cytotoxicity testing using the MTT method (3- (4,5-dimethiltiazol-2-yl) -2,5-dipheniltetra zolium bromide) assay resulted in the highest cell viability value at a dose of 125 ppm of 46.97%. As for the doses of 250 ppm, 500 ppm 1000 ppm, and 2000 ppm resulted in a percentage of viability of 42.95% 37.70% 35.82% and 32.12%, respectively. The IC50 value of Rhizophora apiculata leaf extract was 64.42 ppm. This value indicates that the Rhizophora apiculata extract is toxic to HeLa cells.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity test of ethyl acetate fraction of binjai (Mangifera Caesia) leaf ethanol extract

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
K. Khairiah ◽  
Irham Taufiqurrahman ◽  
Deby Kania Tri Putri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Linear Connection ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Control Group

Background: Binjai (Mangifera caesia) is a herb derived from South Kalimantan possessing antioxidant properties which promote wound healing inhibiting oxidation radicals. The natural antioxidants present in binjai leaves can be extracted by fractionation. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate fraction in 96% ethanol extract of binjai leaf. Methods: The study constituted a pure experimental study incorporating a post-test design with only random sampling technique consisting of two groups, namely; an ethyl acetate fraction as the treatment group and ascorbic acid as the positive control group. The leaves were treated in accordance with the soxhlet method and subsequently fractionated to extract ethyl acetate fraction. This was used to measure antioxidant activity with DPPH radical damping method using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. A linear regression calculation was performed with a standard curve to quantify the IC50 value, before the ethyl acetate fraction underwent a qualitative test of secondary metabolite. Results: An independent t-test indicated significant differences between groups, an average value of IC50 in ascorbic acid of 13.812 ppm with 0.996 linearity and a fraction of ethyl acetate 38.526 ppm with a linearity of 0.999. In contrast, at this linearity value ascorbic acid and ethyl fraction acetate demonstrate a very high linear connection between concentration and inhibition. A secondary metabolite test conducted on the ethyl acetate fraction produced positive results for flavonoid, tannins, and phenol. Conclusion: Based on the IC50 parameters, the fraction of ethyl acetate in 96% ethanol extract of binjai leaf produces very strong antioxidant activity in the content of the compounds in the fraction, namely: flavonoid, tannins and phenol.

scholarly journals SKRINING SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETILASETAT DAUN WEDUSAN (Eupatorium odoratum)

Molekul ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Purwati Purwati ◽  
Undri Rastuti
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Natural Process ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Octadecanoic Acid ◽  
Fat Quality

Oxidation process is a natural process which always occurs in fat. The process affects and decreases the fat quality. Oxidation in fat can be hampered by the addition of antioxidant. Antioxidant activity of wedusan leaf has to be studied to know the possibility of wedusan leaf as an antioxidant. Hence, the aims of the research were to determine the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate extract of wedusan leaf using TBA method, and to compare the antioxidant activity of wedusan leaf and that of BHT. The research method consisted of sample preparation, extraction, and determination of antioxidant activity using TBA method. Wedusan leaf was extracted by maceration using n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents. The n-hexane extract was 2.90 gram, whereas ethyl acetate extract was 13.12 gram. Based on qualitative screening on secondary metabolites, ethyl acetate extract contained flavonoid. The results from GC-MS indicated that ethyl acetate extract contained methyl heptadecanoic, methyl-13-octadecenoic, 14,16-octadecadienal, and octadecanoic acid. The order of inhibition activity of antioxidant were 0.05% (w/v) of BHT > 0.15% (w/v) of ethyl acetate extract > 0.10% (w/v) of ethyl acetate extract > 0.05% (w/v) of ethyl acetate extract.

Antiulcerogenicity of the Flavonoid Fraction from Erica andevalensis Cabezudo-Rivera

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Reyes ◽  
C. Martín ◽  
C. Alarcón de la Lastra ◽  
J. Trujillo ◽  
M. V. Toro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Gastric Ulceration ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gastric Mucus ◽  
Flavonoid Fraction ◽  
Erica Andevalensis

Abstract Investigations were carried out to determine the antiulcerogenicity of the flavonoid fraction (ethyl acetate extract) of Erica andevalensis Cabezudo-Rivera on gastric ulceration induced by different experimental models. Oral treatment with the ethyl acetate extract and the major flavonoid (myricetin 3-O-ᴅ-galactoside) were found to be effective to prevent gastric ulceration induced by cold-restraint stress in rats . Statistically significant ulcer index values with respect to the control group were observed. Mucus content was not increased although it was accompanied by an increase in proteins and hexosamines. In pyloric-ligated animals flavonoids showed a significant reduction in the number and severity of the ulcers. Under the same conditions acidity did not decrease with the flavonic extract and myricetin 3-O-ᴅ-galactoside significantly as compared to control. Gastric ulcers induced by oral administration of absolute ethanol were reduced by pretreatment with the flavonoid extract of doses from 125 to 250 mg/kg and the isolated flavonoid of 25 mg/kg p.o. However neither the flavonic extract nor the isolated flavonoid induced changes in the amount and glycoprotein content of gastric mucus.

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