Evaluation of pH in swine carcasses regarding on the trasport distance of the animals: a case study

The PSE (Pale, Soft and Exudative) swine meat is an anomaly that produces great economic losses in the swine industry and products because proteins lose their functionality, affecting the ability of water retention, binding, and emulsification of meat. Due to the importance of quality control of carcasses, the determination of the pH parameter is necessary to perform the classification of the product in: normal; PSE; and DFD (Dark, Firm, and Dry). In this sense, the purpose of the work was to perform the evaluation of pH values after 45 minutes of bleeding (pH45) and function of the distance from farms to a slaughterhouse and calculate the indicator of Meat PSE in swine carcasses. The experiment was carried out in a large plant, under the supervision of the Federal Inspection Service (SIF). A total of 725 carcasses were used, separated into lots and the transport distance from the farms to the slaughterhouse ranged from 25 to 427 km. For the evaluation of the incidence of PSE, pH45 was measured by a direct method, and the management of pre-slaughter animals was standardized for all lots, except for rest time. The animals transported for shorter distances (25 and 65 km) presented 11% indicative of PSE meat, a fact that shows that the stress response is higher when the animals are subjected to short transport distances compared to longer distances (320, 340, and 427 km).

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Critical Land Detection using Remote Sensing Device and Geographic Information (Case Study of Critical Land Basic of Catchments Area, Alang, Wonogiri)

Forum Geografi ◽

10.23917/forgeo.v19i1.4567 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Beny Harjadi

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Field Survey ◽

Critical Level ◽

Satellite Image ◽

Geographic Information ◽

Level Data ◽

The Difference

Work criteria and indicator of Catchments Area need to be determined because the success and the failure of cultivating Catchments Area can be monitored and evaluated through the determined criteria. Criteria Indicators in utilizing land, one of them is determined based on the erosion index and the ability of utilizing land, for analyzing the land critical level. However, the determination of identification and classification of land critical level has not been determined; as a result the measurement of how wide the real critical land is always changed all the year. In this study, it will be tried a formula to determine the land critical/eve/ with various criteria such as: Class KPL (Ability of Utilizing Land) and the difference of the erosion tolerance value with the great of the erosion compared with land critical level analysis using remote sensing devices. The aim of studying land critical level detection using remote sensing tool and Geographic Information System (SIG) are:1. The backwards and the advantages of critical and analysis method2. Remote Sensing Method for critical and classification3. Critical/and surveyed method in the field (SIG) Collecting and analyzing data can be found from the field survey and interpretation of satellite image visually and using computer. The collected data are analyzed as:a. Comparing the efficiency level and affectivity of collecting biophysical data through field survey, sky photo interpretation, and satellite image analysis.b. Comparing the efficiency level and affectivity of land critical level data that are found from the result of KPL with the result of the measurement of the erosion difference and erosion tolerance.

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Identification of Heracleum sosnowskyi-Invaded Land Using Earth Remote Sensing Data

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12030759 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 759

Author(s):

Jūratė Sužiedelytė Visockienė ◽

Eglė Tumelienė ◽

Vida Maliene

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Invasive Plant ◽

Remote Sensing Data ◽

Unsupervised Classification ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Classification Methods ◽

Earth Remote Sensing ◽

Heracleum Sosnowskyi

H. sosnowskyi (Heracleum sosnowskyi) is a plant that is widespread both in Lithuania and other countries and causes abundant problems. The damage caused by the population of the plant is many-sided: it menaces the biodiversity of the land, poses risk to human health, and causes considerable economic losses. In order to find effective and complex measures against this invasive plant, it is very important to identify places and areas where H. sosnowskyi grows, carry out a detailed analysis, and monitor its spread to avoid leaving this process to chance. In this paper, the remote sensing methodology was proposed to identify territories covered with H. sosnowskyi plants (land classification). Two categories of land cover classification were used: supervised (human-guided) and unsupervised (calculated by software). In the application of the supervised method, the average wavelength of the spectrum of H. sosnowskyi was calculated for the classification of the RGB image and according to this, the unsupervised classification by the program was accomplished. The combination of both classification methods, performed in steps, allowed obtaining better results than using one. The application of authors’ proposed methodology was demonstrated in a Lithuanian case study discussed in this paper.

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Economic losses due to the occurrence of cysticercosis in cattle from cities located in Minas Gerais, Brazil

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20180483 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (12) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Maria Teresa Nunes Pacheco Rezende ◽

Raquel Satomi Komatsu ◽

Renata Barbosa Andrade ◽

Serly Lourenço Borges Reis ◽

Claudesina Rodrigues Leite ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health Problem ◽

Masticatory Muscles ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Beef Industry ◽

Important Public Health Problem ◽

Bovine Cysticercosis ◽

Rural Producers ◽

Inspection Service

ABSTRACT: Cysticercosis represents an important public health problem that can cause significant economic losses to the beef industry. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence rate of cysticercosis in cattle and estimate the economic losses to producers associated with this parasitic disease. Data were collected from the official sanitary inspection service of a slaughterhouse located in the city of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, southeast Brazil, from 2009 to 2016. A total of 358,383 cattle from 46 cities in Minas Gerais, Brazil, were slaughtered, of which 4,243 were infected with cysticercosis (1.18%). A total of 5,194 cysticerci were detected in these carcasses, of which 4,548 (87.56%) were alive and 646 (12.44%) were calcified. Most of the cysticerci were located in the masseter and pterygoid masticatory muscles (72.41%). As to the classification of cysticercosis according to the degree of infection of organs and/or parts affected, mild infection was the most frequently observed (92.36%). Rural producers had a total of R$ 1,755,204.20 (US$ 537,526.80) of economic losses due to bovine cysticercosis during the time span of eight years covered by this retrospective study. The importance of the sanitary inspection of meat in the control of this major zoonotic diseases is emphasized.

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Peste Des Petits Ruminants of Goats, Outbreak and Economic Losses : A Case Study

Biological Sciences - PJSIR ◽

10.52763/pjsir.biol.sci.54.2.2011.76.82 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 76-82

Author(s):

Ausraful Islam ◽

Amitav Singh ◽

Mohammad Amirul Islam ◽

Shankar Majumder

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Peste Des Petits Ruminants ◽

Survival Percentage ◽

Local Areas ◽

Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis

In the determination of outbreak of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and the economic losses caused by the disease 1392 distributed goats at Dimla thana of Nilfamari district, purchased from different markets, were studied during March, 2007 to May, 2007. Among the distributed goats, 54.7% died before treatment, 14.7% died after treatment and 30.6% survived after treatment. Survival rate was 67.51%. Maximum number (77.6%) of goats died before treatment in the flocks of Modhupur. Survival rate of the treated goats in the locally purchased flock was the highest (98.9%) whereas that in the goats purchased from Lalmonirhat was the lowest (34.3%). Survival percentage of the non-vaccinated goats was higher (71.60%) than that of the vaccinated goats (64.95%). Among the treated goats, 7.9% were pregnant, 4.4% of them aborted and 3.5% remained pregnant though they were infected. Infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) was observed in 2.5% PPR infected goats. The total economic loss was estimated at Bangladesh Tk 10,16434 ($ 14520.49). Locally collected goats had the highest probability (80.6%) of survival after treatment whereas those collected from Rangpur had the highest probability (81.3%) of death before treatment. Probability that the goats will die after treatment was the highest among the goats purchased from Lalmonirhat (59.5%). Survival of goats was significantly (P<0.05) associated with place of purchase. Goats purchased from the local areas were 26.8 times more likely to survive than those collected from Modhupur. Goats of Lalmonirhat were 1.993 times more likely to survive than those of Modhupur

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Classification of controlling factors and determination of a prediction model for shale gas adsorption capacity: A case study of Chang 7 shale in the Ordos Basin

Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.jngse.2017.11.015 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 260-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jinyan Xing ◽

Shengbiao Hu ◽

Zhenxue Jiang ◽

Xiangzeng Wang ◽

Jialiang Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prediction Model ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Shale Gas ◽

Gas Adsorption ◽

Ordos Basin ◽

Controlling Factors ◽

The Ordos Basin

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Weaning-associated feed deprivation stress causes microbiota disruptions in a novel mucin-containing in vitro model of the piglet colon (MPigut-IVM)

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology ◽

10.1186/s40104-021-00584-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Raphaële Gresse ◽

Frédérique Chaucheyras-Durand ◽

Sylvain Denis ◽

Martin Beaumont ◽

Tom Van de Wiele ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Experiments ◽

Taxonomic Composition ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Strong Increase ◽

Swine Industry ◽

Feed Deprivation ◽

And Function ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Risk factors for the etiology of post-weaning diarrhea, a major problem in swine industry associated with enormous economic losses, remain to be fully elucidated. In concordance with the ethical concerns raised by animal experiments, we developed a new in vitro model of the weaning piglet colon (MPigut-IVM) including a mucin bead compartment to reproduce the mucus surface from the gut to which gut microbes can adhere. Results Our results indicated that the MPigut-IVM is able to establish a representative piglet archaeal and bacterial colon microbiota in terms of taxonomic composition and function. The MPigut-IVM was consequently used to investigate the potential effects of feed deprivation, a common consequence of weaning in piglets, on the microbiota. The lack of nutrients in the MPigut-IVM led to an increased abundance of Prevotellaceae and Escherichia-Shigella and a decrease in Bacteroidiaceae and confirms previous in vivo findings. On top of a strong increase in redox potential, the feed deprivation stress induced modifications of microbial metabolite production such as a decrease in acetate and an increase in proportional valerate, isovalerate and isobutyrate production. Conclusions The MPigut-IVM is able to simulate luminal and mucosal piglet microbiota and represent an innovative tool for comparative studies to investigate the impact of weaning stressors on piglet microbiota. Besides, weaning-associated feed deprivation in piglets provokes disruptions of MPigut-IVM microbiota composition and functionality and could be implicated in the onset of post-weaning dysbiosis in piglets.

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Forensic Engineering Comparison of Two Masonry Cladding Systems

Journal of the National Academy of Forensic Engineers ◽

10.51501/jotnafe.v34i2.49 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Derek A. Hodgin

Keyword(s):

Building Codes ◽

Functional Requirements ◽

Technical Requirements ◽

Reasonable Degree ◽

Industry Standards ◽

Forensic Engineering ◽

Areas Of Concern ◽

And Function

In a recent construction litigation case, there was a disagreement between two qualified engineering experts regarding the technical requirements of a masonry veneer cladding system that was installed on the exterior walls of a residential structure. The disagreement among the experts was related to the classification and function of the veneer cladding system. Specifically, the classification of the cladding system as cast stone or adhered masonry veneer directly impacted the functional requirements set forth by applicable codes and standards. Depending on this classification, the veneer system may or may not be subject to various aspects of the building code, industry standards, and code evaluation reports. The primary areas of concern included the attachment of the panels (i.e., anchored vs. adhered) to the masonry substrate, the extent of water intrusion, and the need for water management details (i.e., flashing and weep holes). Both expert witnesses relied on applicable building codes, industry standards, and manufacturer literature to form their opinions to a “reasonable degree of engineering certainty,” yet these technical differences remained. This paper presents the technical highlights of this case study and identifies the issues where building codes and applicable standards require further clarification.

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Conformation of Ribosomes from Escherichia Coli

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100051062 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 210-211

Author(s):

M. Boublik ◽

W. Hellmann ◽

F. Jenkins

Keyword(s):

Binding Sites ◽

Ribosomal Proteins ◽

Fluorescent Dyes ◽

Protein Biosynthesis ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Spatial Arrangement ◽

Dimensional Structure ◽

Complete Understanding ◽

And Function

The present knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of ribosomes is far too limited to enable a complete understanding of the various roles which ribosomes play in protein biosynthesis. The spatial arrangement of proteins and ribonuclec acids in ribosomes can be analysed in many ways. Determination of binding sites for individual proteins on ribonuclec acid and locations of the mutual positions of proteins on the ribosome using labeling with fluorescent dyes, cross-linking reagents, neutron-diffraction or antibodies against ribosomal proteins seem to be most successful approaches. Structure and function of ribosomes can be correlated be depleting the complete ribosomes of some proteins to the functionally inactive core and by subsequent partial reconstitution in order to regain active ribosomal particles.

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A novel method for the determination of linting propensity of paper

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj11.10.9 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 9-17

Author(s):

ALESSANDRA GERLI ◽

LEENDERT C. EIGENBROOD

Keyword(s):

Ash Content ◽

The Novel ◽

Offset Printing ◽

Excellent Correlation ◽

End Conditions ◽

Bottom Side ◽

Novel Method ◽

Total Fraction

A novel method was developed for the determination of linting propensity of paper based on printing with an IGT printability tester and image analysis of the printed strips. On average, the total fraction of the surface removed as lint during printing is 0.01%-0.1%. This value is lower than those reported in most laboratory printing tests, and more representative of commercial offset printing applications. Newsprint paper produced on a roll/blade former machine was evaluated for linting propensity using the novel method and also printed on a commercial coldset offset press. Laboratory and commercial printing results matched well, showing that linting was higher for the bottom side of paper than for the top side, and that linting could be reduced on both sides by application of a dry-strength additive. In a second case study, varying wet-end conditions were used on a hybrid former machine to produce four paper reels, with the goal of matching the low linting propensity of the paper produced on a machine with gap former configuration. We found that the retention program, by improving fiber fines retention, substantially reduced the linting propensity of the paper produced on the hybrid former machine. The papers were also printed on a commercial coldset offset press. An excellent correlation was found between the total lint area removed from the bottom side of the paper samples during laboratory printing and lint collected on halftone areas of the first upper printing unit after 45000 copies. Finally, the method was applied to determine the linting propensity of highly filled supercalendered paper produced on a hybrid former machine. In this case, the linting propensity of the bottom side of paper correlated with its ash content.

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