scholarly journals ANALISIS MIGRASI TENAGA KERJA INDONESIA DI TAIWAN MENGGUNAKAN COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS (Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Malang)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tody Arsyianto ◽  
Mohammad Rizal
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost

Pada dasarnya Tenaga Kerja Indonesia (TKI) yang bekerja di luar negeri dilatarbelakangi oleh tekanan ekonomi, maka pemikiran para TKI berpusat pada remitansi yang besar, dengan stigma tersebut ada rasionalitas calon TKI memilih negara tujuan tempat bekerja yang memiliki standar upah tinggi, dengan biaya keberangkatan yang serendah mungkin. Bagi Pemerintah, TKI yang bekerja di luar negeri memberikan sumbangan devisa negara yang tidak kecil. Taiwan menjadi salah satu tujuan utama untuk bekerja dikarenakan pada Negara Taiwan ini  mempunyai standar gaji yang lebih tinggi dibanding Hongkong dan Singapura. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Ditemukan bahwa untuk pra penempatan beberapa PJTKI ada yang memberikan dana tambahan untuk calon TKI namun ada yang meminta untuk membayar biaya pemberangkatan dan potong gaji, ketika berada di Taiwan kontrak kerja mudah diperpanjang dan standar upah tinggi tetapi sikap majikan tempramen dan kendala bahasa sedangkan setelah kembali ke Indonesia purna TKI mendapatkan modal yang tinggi dikarenakan standar upah yang tinggi namun hal itu menyebabkan purna TKI lebih konsumtif (2) Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan Cost Benefit Analysis dari 15 mantan TKI secara keseluruhan memenuhi syarat untuk diprioritaskan, karena dalam metode Net Present Benefit (NPB) maupun dengan Metode Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) semuanya menunjukan bahwa hasil perhitungan yang layak untuk dijalankan.

Preliminary Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) for Safety Assist Technologies in ASEAN NCAP – Rationalizing the Impact to Road Safety for Malaysia’s Case

2014 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 596-603
Author(s):  
Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi ◽  
Aqbal Hafeez Ariffin ◽  
Yahaya Ahmad ◽  
Khairil Anwar Abu Kassim ◽  
Norlen Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rating Scheme

The newly established New Car Assessment Program for Southeast Asian Countries (ASEAN NCAP) has incorporated Safety Assist Technologies (SATs) in its automobile safety rating scheme. In order for any assessed car to be eligible for the maximum 5-star rating, it should first be equipped with Electronic Stability Control (ESC) and fitted with seatbelt reminder (SBR). However, since these SATs are not being evaluated in their performance by the means of field testing, this paper explains the benefit of having these SATs through Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) which help to rationalize the importance of SATs in preventing road accidents or mitigating severity of injuries. Due to data limitation, this preliminary CBA assessment will only be focusing on Malaysia’s situation and is based on published sources and the authors’ best estimates. This study also includes the Cost-Benefit Analysis on Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), which is the basis for ESC technology, in preparation for its inclusion in the future rating scheme to expedite the vision of making ABS as standard fit in all ASEAN’s passenger cars. The preliminary result shows that all technologies – ESC, SBR and ABS – appear to be cost-effective (benefit/cost-ratio > 3) or most likely cost effective (1 < benefit/cost-ratio < 3) in Malaysia’s road safety situation per se.

scholarly journals THE FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF BODABODA TRANSPORT BUSINESS AMONG YOUTHS IN ARUSHA- COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-185
Author(s):  
Kepha Luvinga ◽  
Simon Kilasara
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Arusha Region ◽  
Benefit Cost

ABSTRACT This study reports upon the findings on the cost and profitability of bodaboda transport business among youths in Arusha. As used in this study, the term bodaboda applies for a two wheeled motorized taxi which provides ‘for hire’ type transport services to passengers and goods. The bodaboda have became an employment opportunity to many unskilled urban labour and further job opportunity to informal sector workers who wish to switch jobs in search of higher rewards. The questionnaires were used to collect data to 90 respondents from two districts of Arusha region namely Arusha and Meru district. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and cost benefit analysis. The finding from the study indicates that the bodaboda transport business is profitable with the benefit cost ratio (BCR) of 2.8 and the net present value (NPV) of 8,494,920Tsh for five years project duration. By having the benefit cost ratio and the net present value greater than 1, the bodaboda business is profitable and worth being undertaken. Based on the findings from the study it is recommended that the government authorities and all key stakeholders should regulate, and support the implementation of bodaboda bussiness through formalization of bodaboda associations, assurance of financial supports and capacity building to youths who engage or willing to engage in the business.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Container Menjadi Ruang Isolasi Apung Sebagai Alternatif Bagi Pasien Covid-19

Syntax Idea ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 383
Author(s):  
Siti Dwi Lazuardi ◽  
Akhdan Muhammad Muaz ◽  
Dina Fatimatuz Zahroh ◽  
Altalariq Pranantha Yudha Airlangga ◽  
Afyfah Ramadhani Dias Saputri
Keyword(s):  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Wood Plastic Composite ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Benefit Cost

Kasus COVID-19 hingga saat ini terus mengalami peningkatan, terlalu banyaknya pasien yang membutuhkan perawatan intensif mengakibatkan rumah sakit mengalami kondisi overloaded capacity. Dalam rangka meminimalisir adanya pasien rawat mandiri dan berisiko adanya cluster keluarga, maka pemanfaatan container menjadi ruang isolasi apung sebagai alternatif bagi masyarakat untuk mendapat penanganan intensif COVID-19. Pemanfaatan container bekas 20 feet dipadukan dengan alas untuk mengapung berbahan HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene) dan alas pijakan WPC (Wood Plastic Composite). Dalam mempertimbangkan besaran biaya serta mengukur keoptimalan dari manfaat penelitian, maka penilitian ini menggunakan metode CBA (Cost-Benefit Analysis) dan metode BCR (Benefit Cost Ratio) untuk menguji kelayakan dari penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemanfaatan container bekas menjadi ruang isolasi apung termasuk dalam kategori baik, dimana penelitian ini dapat menekan angka pasien isolasi mandiri sebesar 35% dan hasil perhitungan manfaat memiliki rasio sebesar 1,02 dan menghasilkan nilai NPV positif dengan batasan kelayakan yaitu BCR > 1, dan NPV > 1. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa, ruang isolasi apung ini layak untuk direalisasikan atau dioperasikan.

scholarly journals A Cost-Benefit Analysis of the COVID-19 Asymptomatic Mass Testing Strategy in the North Metropolitan Area of Barcelona

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesc López Seguí ◽  
Oriol Estrada Cuxart ◽  
Oriol Mitjà i Villar ◽  
Guillem Hernández Guillamet ◽  
Núria Prat Gil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Screening ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
The North ◽  
Health Gains ◽  
Benefit Cost

The epidemiological situation generated by COVID-19 has highlighted the importance of applying non-pharmacological measures. Among these, mass screening of the asymptomatic general population has been established as a priority strategy by carrying out diagnostic tests to limit the spread of the virus. In this article, we aim to evaluate the economic impact of mass COVID-19 screenings of an asymptomatic population through a Cost-Benefit Analysis based on the estimated total costs of mass screening versus health gains and associated health costs avoided. Excluding the value of monetized health, the Benefit-Cost ratio was estimated at approximately 0.45. However, if monetized health is included in the calculation, the ratio is close to 1.20. The monetization of health is the critical element that tips the scales in favour of the desirability of screening. Screenings with the highest return are those that maximize the percentage of positives detected.

scholarly journals Cost-benefit analysis of pharmacist interventions over 36 months in a university hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Maurilio de Souza Cazarim ◽  
João Paulo Vilela Rodrigues ◽  
Priscila Santos Calcini ◽  
Thomas Einarson ◽  
Leonardo Régis Leira Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Marginal Cost ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Hospital Perspective ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Tertiary Teaching

OBJECTIVE: To perform a cost-benefits analysis of a clinical pharmacy (CP) service implemented in a Neurology ward of a tertiary teaching hospital. METHODS: This is a cost-benefit analysis of a single arm, prospective cohort study performed at the adult Neurology Unit over 36 months, which has evaluated the results of a CP service from a hospital and Public Health System (PHS) perspective. The interventions were classified into 14 categories and the costs identified as direct medical costs. The results were analyzed by the total and marginal cost, the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) and the net benefit (NB). RESULTS: The total 334 patients were followed-up and the highest occurrence in 506 interventions was drug introduction (29.0%). The marginal cost for the hospital and avoided cost for PHS was US$182±32 and US$25,536±4,923 per year; and US$0.55 and US$76.4 per patient/year. The BCR and NB were 0.0, -US$26,105 (95%CI -31,850 – -10,610), -US$27,112 (95%CI -33,160–11,720) for the hospital and; 3.0 (95%CI 1.97–4.94), US$51,048 (95%CI 27,645–75,716) and, 4.6 (95%CI 2.24–10.05), US$91,496 (95%CI 34,700–168,050; p < 0.001) for the PHS, both considering adhered and total interventions, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The CP service was not directly cost-benefit at the hospital perspective, but it presented savings for forecast cost related to the occurrence of preventable morbidities, measuring a good cost-benefit for the PHS.

scholarly journals Guide to cost benefit analysis of community-based interventions

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Sanni Yaya ◽  
Xiaonan Li
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
The Cost

This paper offers a general guide on how to conduct a proper economic analysis for community-based intervention projects. Identification and quantification of costs and benefits are the focus of the cost benefit analysis. We categorize costs and benefits from human and physical perspectives and pay special attention to the measures of saving human lives accompanied by the proposed calculation methods. We recommend net present value and benefit-cost ratio as the criteria to assess projects and highlight some challenges remaining in the analysis.

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Two Decision Criteria for Spondee Threshold Measurements

1975 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Michael R. Chial ◽  
William G. Beck ◽  
Glen Vanlandingham
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Correct Rule ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Benefit Cost

Normal-hearing subjects were tested and retested using two spondee threshold criteria: a strict 50% correct rule and a 50% or 75% correct (or both) rule. The 50% criterion produced lower thresholds at the cost of poorer test-retest reliability and longer test durations. Both decision rules gave lower threshold SPL values and required less testing time during the second trial. A proposed benefit-cost ratio model indicated that the 50% or 75% (or both) decision rule gives a better return on the investment of clinical effort.

scholarly journals A Cost-Benefit Analysis of the COVID-19 Asymptomatic Mass Testing Strategy in the North Metropolitan Area of Barcelona

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7028
Author(s):  
Francesc López Seguí ◽  
Oriol Estrada Cuxart ◽  
Oriol Mitjà i Villar ◽  
Guillem Hernández Guillamet ◽  
Núria Prat Gil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Screening ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
The North ◽  
Efficient Management

Background: The epidemiological situation generated by COVID-19 has highlighted the importance of applying non-pharmacological measures in the management of the epidemic. Mass screening of the asymptomatic general population has been established as a priority strategy by carrying out diagnostic tests to detect possible cases, isolate contacts, cut transmission chains and thus limit the spread of the virus. Objective: To evaluate the economic impact of mass COVID-19 screenings of an asymptomatic population during the first and second wave of the epidemic in Catalonia, Spain. Methodology: Cost-Benefit Analysis based on the estimated total costs of mass screening versus health gains and associated health costs avoided. Results: Excluding the value of monetized health, the Benefit-Cost ratio was estimated at 0.45, a low value that would seem to advise against mass screening policies. However, if monetized health is included, the ratio is close to 1.20, reversing the interpretation. In other words, the monetization of health is the critical element that tips the scales in favour of the desirability of screening. Results show that the interventions with the highest return are those that maximize the percentage of positives detected. Conclusion: Efficient management of resources for the policy of mass screening in asymptomatic populations can generate high social returns. The positivity rate critically determines its desirability. Likewise, precocity in the detection of cases will cut more transmissions in the chain of contagion and increase the economic return of these interventions. Maximizing the value of resources depends on screening strategies being accompanied by contact-tracing and specific in their focus, targeting, for example, high-risk subpopulations with the highest rate of expected positives.

Social and economic cost-benefit analysis of sanitation in Odisha State, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aidan A. Cronin ◽  
Makito Ohikata ◽  
Manish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
State Level ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
The Social ◽  
Benefit Cost

This study estimates the social and economic impact of achieving full sanitation in Odisha State, the first time such a study has been conducted at a sub-national (entire State) level in India. The economic costs and associated social benefits to society via the elimination of open defecation by 2025 are estimated and compared to progress at the current pace. The findings show that net benefits of sanitation conservatively amount to at least 1.6% State GDP (range 0.4 to 2.7% under varying growth and discount rates). The benefit-cost ratio is estimated at 5.7 (range 3.1 to 7.7). These results provide strong evidence to planners and decision-makers that sanitation gives significant returns, both social and economic, on investment and gives ample evidence for the acceleration of the elimination of open defecation.

scholarly journals Cost-Benefit Analysis of Flood Management, a Case Study of Jammu and Kashmir

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kowser Ali Jan
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio

A disaster wrecks those affected. It spares many in the affected areas, yet those spared may be indirectly impacted. Specific risks are often inherent within a social system or physical location, but they can also be created due to unavoidable natural or technological hazards. The consequences, however, can be similar in that they wreak havoc in communities and destroy economic systems. The analytical framework of deterrence and coping has ascertained beneficial in many circumstances, but a cost benefit calculation is a must to infer the feasibility of planning strategy and resource allocation. This study points to the Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) of flood management by District Disaster Management Kulgam. The assessment is established on secondary pooled data collected from administration offices, NGOs, published Journals, and local and national newspapers. It also characterised the strategy, the technique adopted, and the sources of flood damage cost information. The totalled benefits report for 78686.18 lakh of rupees, and that of total costs account for 2218.75lakh of rupees. The Benefit-Cost ratio greater than one (&gt;1) indicates that Flood Management in District Kulgam was economically feasible and successfully governed. The State of Jammu and Kashmir put up with necessary prevention and administration measures to break the spell of devastation due to floods to significant status.

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