The Japanese Military ‘Comfort Women’ Issue and the 1965 System: Comfort Women of the Empire and Two-fold Historical Revisionism

2019 ◽  
pp. 201-227
Author(s):  
Young-hwan Chong
Keyword(s):  
Women Victims ◽  
Japanese Government ◽  
Comfort Women ◽  
Historical Revisionism ◽  
Japanese Military ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post War ◽  
Selection Of

Since its publication in 2013, Park Yuha’s book Comfort Women of the Empire (Cheguk ŭi wianbu) has become a major point of contention for those concerned with the “comfort women” issue. However, while this book has been frequently cited amidst the recent maelstrom of Japan–Korea relations, the actual content of the book has received insufficient scrutiny. The aim of this article is to concretely examine the content and problematic aspects of Park’s book, building on research that has been carried out since the 1990s into the ‘comfort women’ issue and the question of post-war reparations. Based on the assumption that the Japanese government does not have any legal responsibilities, Park’s book claims that: 1) the “comfort women” victims do not have any right to claim compensation for damages from the Japanese government; 2) even if they did have such a right, the government of the Republic of Korea gave up all rights of claim at the Japan–Korea negotiations that concluded with the Treaty of 1965; and 3) the “economic cooperation” funds that the ROK received as a result of this Treaty were in fact a form of post-war reparations related to the Sino–Japanese War. However, Park has been unable to provide satisfactory grounds for these claims, due to the fact that her book Comfort Women of the Empire does not have an accurate understanding of the preceding research it uses. I argue that Park’s work contains serious methodological flaws, including a failure to define core concepts, such as reparations; the existence of mutually contradictory passages; the arbitrary selection of evidence to support her arguments; and the misuse of previous research. As a result, the book has critical flaws from the standpoint of its fundamental stated aim of promoting historical reconciliation.

Realising Ainu indigenous rights: a commentary on Hiroshi Maruyama's ‘Japan's post-war Ainu policy. Why the Japanese Government has not recognised Ainu indigenous rights?’

Polar Record ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naohiro Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
Japanese Government ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post War ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
United Nations Declaration

ABSTRACTThis commentary reviews Maruyama's article ‘Japan's post-war Ainu policy: why the Japanese Government has not recognised Ainu indigenous rights?’ (Maruyama 2013a), published in this journal. Maruyama criticises the government for its reluctance to enact a new Ainu law to guarantee indigenous rights, even after Japan's ratification of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP). However, in actuality, the government is searching for the foundation of new Ainu policies in the existing legal frameworks and trying to guarantee some elements of indigenous rights. Japan's case suggests the possibility of realising indigenous rights without the enactment of a specific law.

Concepts for reconstruction of the maritime economy of the polish underground state...in the years 1940–1944

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (324) ◽  
pp. 142-151
Author(s):  
Bogdan Chrzanowski
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Maritime Economy ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post War ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Polish Government ◽  
The Military

The regaining of the country’s independence, and then its revival after the war damages, including itseconomic infrastructure – these were the tasks set by the Polish government in exile, first in Paris and thenin London. The maritime economy was to play an important role here. The Polish government was fullyaware of the enormous economic and strategic benefits resulting from the fact that it had a coast, withthe port of Gdynia before the war. It was assumed that both in Gdynia and in the ports that were to belongto Poland after the war: Szczecin, Kołobrzeg, Gdańsk, Elbląg, Królewiec, the economic structure was to betransformed, and they were to become the supply points for Central and Eastern Europe. Work on thereconstruction of the post-war maritime economy was mainly carried out by the Ministry of Industry, Tradeand Shipping. In London, in 1942–1943, a number of government projects were set up to rebuild the entiremaritime infrastructure. All projects undertaken in exile were related to activities carried out by individualunderground divisions of the Polish Underground State domestically, i.e. the “Alfa” Naval Department of theHome Army Headquarters, the Maritime Department of the Military Bureau of Industry and Trade of the Headof the Military Bureau of the Home Army Headquarters and the Maritime Department of the Departmentof Industry Trade and Trade Delegation of the Government of the Republic of Poland in Poland. The abovementionedorganizational units also prepared plans for the reconstruction of the maritime economy, and theprojects developed in London were sent to the country. They collaborated here and a platform for mutualunderstanding was found.

scholarly journals Factors That Influence the Selection of the Solo Soemarmo Airport Train Mode

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Sapto Priyanto
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Logical Regression ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Willingness To Use ◽  
Selection Of

The Government through the National Railway Master Plan has launched the development of the Airport Railway Network and Services to facilitate passenger mobility, one of which is the construction of the Adi Soemarmo Airport train. In April 2017 a groundbreaking project for the development of the Adi Soemarmo Airport, Boyolali District by the President of the Republic of Indonesia was scheduled to be operational in 2019. This study uses a discrete choice model to express the opportunities of each passenger to use the airport train. The research instruments were prepared using predictor variables developed from service dimensions according to Gaspers. The sample used was 200 respondents with random sampling techniques. The data collected is processed using a binary logical regression model because the response variable is in the form of a dichotomy. The results showed the accuracy of the train schedule and affordability of train fares affect the willingness to use airport trains.

Dynamics of Selection of Regional Heads in Indonesia in the Reformation Era

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1490
Author(s):  
Fifiana WISNAENI
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
National Development ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Constitutional System ◽  
Regional Elections ◽  
Selection Of

The regional head as the organizer of the government in the region is also an extension of the central government, has a pretty heavy task, therefore in order for the State's goals to be achieved, regional heads must be chosen that are truly credible, qualified and qualified, so that it can bring success to regional development in carrying out government affairs as mandated by the Act, which will ultimately have a positive impact, in the form of support for national development. This research is intended to examine, criticize and analyze which are expected to provide solutions related to the development of the authority to form laws in the constitutional system of the Republic of Indonesia. The formulation of the problem in this study are the dynamics of regional elections in Indonesia in the reformation era and the implications of the dynamics of regional elections in the Indonesian constitutional system. The method of approach used in this study is normative juridical, which is an approach that uses the positivist concept which states that law is identical with written norms created and enacted by authorized institutions or officials. The dynamics of regional head elections in Indonesia in the Reformation era include the conditions for pairs of candidates for regional head elections and the mechanism for regional head elections. Pairs of regional head candidates must be proposed by political parties or a combination of eligible political parties.  

scholarly journals PERSPECTIVE AND MANAGEMENT OF TOURIST ENVIRONMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-439
Author(s):  
Baki Koleci ◽  
Redon Koleci
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
University Education ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Product ◽  
Post War

Tourism in developed countries, but also in some transition countries, is an important export product and a generator of employment. It includes a wide array of phenomena and relationships that arise during the touristic journey, while in its realization it comes to the economic, but also the ecological, social and cultural aspect of life. Tourism in Kosovo is an important economic branch. The Tourism Industry of Kosovo has realized 10-12% of the domestic social product, depending on the year in question and whether all the direct factors (hotel industry, gastronomy) or indirect factors (agriculture, construction, etc.) have been taken into account. The large turnout of the tourism economy in the local social product reveals, in the first place, the weaknesses of other sectors of the economy, while the tourism potential has not been utilized as well. Intensive development is largely spontaneous and uncontrolled in post-war hotels, accompanied by imbalance in the environment and territory. These consequences are detrimental to the interests of the two groups: local residents and respective tour operators. Quality planning of space is one of the most important preconditions for the long-term and sustainable development of tourism in Kosovo. It is appreciated that after defining the status of Kosovo, the interest of investors to invest in the tourism sector is greater, but also in other sectors of the economy that directly or indirectly influence the development of the tourism sector so that the government most works for the development of tourism in different regions of Kosovo, is now in the final stage the international tender for the privatization of Brezovica, where according to the information there are a number of interested persons appearing in the tender for privatization of the tourist complex of Brezovica. Today's modern tourism does not ask where we are going but what we will do where we are going. Kosovo institutions are seriously involved in managing tourism firstly to build conditions to attract foreign tourists and to convince citizens themselves that there are conditions in their country, the money they spend in other countries can help the economy of Kosovo. However, the conditions and nature that nature has created in Kosovo requires a more serious approach to elevating it to a higher level given the conditions to be met to keep up the turret. Tourism is an industry characterized by intensive labor involvement. Human resources for this industry have been rated as "raw materials" or are anticipated by experts as the most important factor to be faced by this industry over the last decades and onwards the Kosovo government has set up a university education school for tourism which can be said that there are many well-prepared frames. Starting from this apparent tourism site, infrastructure and building up of incomparable units is progressing day by day. It is time to evaluate the motivation of visitors who pay for a couple of days of summer or winter in one place.

The Deafening Silence of the Korean “Comfort Women”: A Response Based on Lyotard and Irigaray

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-356
Author(s):  
Constance Youngwon LEE ◽  
Jonathan CROWE
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Sexual Difference ◽  
Japanese Government ◽  
Comfort Women ◽  
World War ◽  
Sexual Slavery ◽  
Japanese Military ◽  
Korean Comfort Women ◽  
The Way

AbstractThis article reflects upon the continuing historical denialism concerning the Korean “comfort women” forced into sexual slavery by the Japanese military during World War II. We argue that the refusal of the Japanese government and others to squarely confront this wrong is made possible through the exploitation of adifférendin Jean-François Lyotard’s sense of the term. Thedifférendarises from a complex set of social, cultural, and legal sources, including patriarchal, colonial, and nationalistic constructions of the wrong and its victims. We seek to tentatively expose the nature of thedifférendby identifying these factors. We then sketch the beginnings of a possible response, drawing on Luce Irigaray’s strategy of emphasizing sexual difference and separation to pave the way for reciprocality between the sexes. The testimonies of the “comfort women” must be allowed to speak for themselves before a response can emerge based in other discourses.

scholarly journals Восстановление культурного наследия Чеченской Республики в послевоенный период 2000-х годов

2021 ◽  
pp. 106-119
Author(s):  
V.A. Astalov
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Cultural Consciousness ◽  
Charitable Organizations ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post War ◽  
Artistic Heritage

The article is devoted to the main stages and methods of restoration of museums, museum activities and, in general, the cultural and artistic heritage of the Chechen Republic in the post-war period. The historical-diachronic method; comparative method, elements of art history analysis are used. The contribution of the government of the republic, the government of the Russian Federation, museums of the Russia, as well as a number of charitable organizations and individuals, including artists, is noted. It is emphasized that artistic consciousness is part of the cultural consciousness of society as a whole, and museums are primarily involved in its formation. Therefore, an example of active restoration and replenishment of museums and, in general, the artistic and cultural heritage of the Chechen Republic, which, in the most difficult post-war conditions, took all possible steps to ensure that the Chechen people were introduced to them, seems to be indicative and instructive. Статья посвящена основным этапам и методам восстановления музеев, музейной деятельности и в целом культурно-художественного наследия Чеченской Республики в послевоенный период. Используются историко-диахронный метод; компаративный метод, элементы искусствоведческого анализа. Отмечается вклад правительства республики, правительства Российской Федерации, российских музеев, а также целого ряда благотворительных организаций и частных лиц, в том числе деятелей искусства. Подчеркивается, что художественное сознание является частью культурного сознания общества в целом, и в его формировании в первую очередь участвуют музеи; поэтому представляется показательным и поучительным пример активного пополнения музеев и восстановления художественно-культурного наследия Чеченской Республики, которая в тяжелейших послевоенных условиях предприняла все возможные шаги, чтобы обеспечить приобщение к ним чеченского народа.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF E-GOVERNMENT IN IMMIGRATION MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM (SIMKIM) AT DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-113
Author(s):  
YUSUF RIZKY ADITYA
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Electronic Government ◽  
Director General ◽  
Presidential Decree ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Immigration Management ◽  
Selection Of

The government is currently implementing an e-government system to provide services to the community using technology. E-government or electronic government is the use of information technology by the government to provide information and services to its citizens. Presidential Instruction No. 3 of 2003 concerning national policies and strategies for e-government development and Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 95 of 2018 concerning Electronic-Based Government Systems are the legal basis for designing SPBE in Indonesia. The application of e-government at the Directorate General of Immigration can be seen in its centralized services using SIMKIM. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis method. In the discussion this research has been based on the selection of research problems related to the suitability of e-government design in SIMKIM at the Directorate General of Immigration based on Presidential Instruction No. 3 of 2003 and Presidential Decree No. 95 of 2018 and the implementation of e-government at the Directorate General of Immigration according to the stages of the Deloitte and Touche framework. The results of the discussion stated that the implementation of e-government at the Directorate General of Immigration was in accordance with the two regulations and the Director General had entered the second stage based on the Deloitte and Touche framework. It is hoped that this research can be used for further research development.  

scholarly journals Palembang Shi pada Masa Pemerintahan Militer Jepang Tahun 1942-1945

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Arma Mita
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Japanese Government ◽  
Military Rule ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Japanese Military ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Government Development

This study investigated about the Japanese military rule in the city of Palembang in 1942 to 1945, especially regarding the rule of Palembang Shi (Municipality). In this study, it will cover some of the main points of the study those are how the Japanese military rule formed the Palembang Shi rule, the structure of Palembang Shi rule and the policies that were passed during that reign. Therefore, the period of Japanese government in Indonesia it had a unique distinction that must have been different during the colonization of the earlier Dutch Indian government and its civil society. The differences in those government that was also became a distinct feature of this study which is centaintly very interesting  for us to consider and to learn more carefully. Naturally this study aims to add our insight into the history of the government development in the city of Palembang.

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