scholarly journals Post Partum Hemorrhage – Mini Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Charalampos Voros ◽  
Kalliopi Pappa
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Guidelines ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Effective Component ◽  
Current Guidelines ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) remains a common cause of maternal mortality worldwide, mainly caused by uterine atony. Medical intervention plays an important part in prevention and therapies of PPH. Prophylactic interventions include the use of uterotonic drugs. We elaborated the consistency of national and international guidelines on those medical approaches. Materials and methods: Medical approaches in PPH were extracted from recent publications. Furthermore, the current guidelines of the World Health Organization, the FIGO and of the American, British,and Canadian of Obstetricians and Gynecologists on PPH were analyzed. Results: Use of oxytocin after delivery of the anterior shoulder is the most important and effective component of this practice. However, the examined guidelines fail to give unequivocal recommendations on further uterotonics in PPH, which may partially be attributed to differing publication dates of the guidelines. Conclusion: Appropriate management of postpartum hemorrhage requires prompt diagnosis and treatment . International guidelines on PPH are characterized by differing recommendations. However, recent publications suggest that adhering to local guidelines significantly reduces the prevalence of severe PPH.

scholarly journals "CHRONIC SORROW THEORY APPLICATION" TO OVERCOME THE FEELING OF LOSS DUE TO INFANT MORTALITY IN POST-PARTUM WOMEN

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dedeh Sri Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chronic Sorrow ◽  
The World ◽  
Theory Application ◽  
Health Organization

Data from the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2012 stated that 44% of infant deaths in the world occurred in the first 28 days of life (neonatal period). The research results of the Central Statistics Agency (CSA) in 2016 noted that the infant mortality rate (IMR) reached 25.5%, West Java Province was one of the contributors to the highest maternal mortality rate (MMR) and infant mortality rate (IMR). Infant mortality inside the womb or outside the womb triggers grief and deep sorrow that is at risk of progressive, repetitive and permanent in women. Nurses in the maternity area play an important role in overcoming the problem of loss through various approaches to either theory or intervention. The purpose of this study was to determine the application of chronic sorrow theory in post-partum women whose babies were dead at Sariningsih Hospital Bandung. Method: This research was qualitative research. Participants were 5 people selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data collection was done by interviewing using a guide from the Burke / Eakes Chronic Sorrow Assessment Tool. Results: It was identified that women's opinions about the causes of infant mortalities were planned (abortion) and unplanned. Participants had effective coping strategies in dealing with their loss such as social support, and spiritual beliefs for comfort. Conclusion: participants felt the effectiveness of the chronic sorrow theory to overcome infant loss.Keywords: chronic sorrow theory application, loss, post-partum women, Qualitative.

scholarly journals Assessment of Dehydration in Children with Acute Gastroenteritis: A Review of International Guidelines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alhassan
Keyword(s):  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
World Health ◽  
Proper Treatment ◽  
World Health Organization Classification ◽  
International Guidelines ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Practical Scheme

Background: Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE) is a major cause of presentation to hospital in children. Detection and classification of the degree of dehydration are vital for proper treatment. Methods: The authors reviewed six international guidelines on AGE in children. The aim was to equip clinicians working in a hospital setting with practical and readily applicable clinical handles to assist them in detecting and classifying dehydration. Results: Published international guidelines on AGE vary in their recommendations on the assessment of dehydration as well as their classification of dehydration severity. Nevertheless, a practical scheme utilizing a combination of these guidelines could be devised. Conclusion: In addition to the World Health Organization classification of dehydration in children, several clinical handles were suggested. Key words: acute gastroenteritis, children, dehydration, diarrhea

scholarly journals Liquid Levothyroxine Formulation Taken during Lunch in Italy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Carlo Cappelli ◽  
Ilenia Pirola ◽  
Maurizio Castellano
Keyword(s):  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Essential Medicine ◽  
Hashimoto Thyroiditis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tablet Form ◽  
Liquid Solutions ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Current Guidelines

Levothyroxine (L-T4) is among the most widely prescribed medications in the world, and it is considered by the World Health Organization an essential medicine for basic health care. Replacement therapy has always been considered straightforward although different factors may interfere with intestinal absorption of L-T4, including food, dietary fibre, coffee, drugs, and gastrointestinal diseases. For these reasons, current guidelines recommend that L-T4 should be taken in a fasting state because its absorption is maximised when it is taken on an empty stomach, reflecting the importance of gastric acidity in the absorption process. In addition to sodium L-T4 in tablet form, various formulations (soft-gel capsules and liquid solutions) have become available for clinical use in the last years promising improved absorption. We described a 31-year-old Italian man who took liquid levothyroxine formulation during lunch. He was under replacement therapy with liquid levothyroxine 75 mcg daily for hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto thyroiditis for three years. During confirmation of the L-T4 replacement therapy, the patient stated that he was going to continue to “take liquid levothyroxine during (his) lunch every day.” We recommended taking the medication correctly in the morning at least thirty minutes before breakfast and repeating TSH, fT4, and fT3 after three months. The thyroid hormonal profiles taken after 3 and 6 months were comparable to those when the patient was taking the medication during lunch. In conclusion, liquid levothyroxine formulation should be preferred in case of malabsorption or potential malabsorption. Liquid formulation should be preferred due to the possibility of taking it during breakfast, which significantly improves the compliance of patients. Further studies are needed to evaluate the possibility of taking liquid L-T4 during lunch.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 in Pregnancy: A Comprehensive Summary of Current Guidelines

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavita Narang ◽  
Eniola R. Ibirogba ◽  
Amro Elrefaei ◽  
Ayssa Teles Abrao Trad ◽  
Regan Theiler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Serious Infection ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Current Guidelines ◽  
In Pregnancy

Since the declaration of the global pandemic of COVID-19 by the World Health Organization on 11 March 2020, we have continued to see a steady rise in the number of patients infected by SARS-CoV-2. However, there is still very limited data on the course and outcomes of this serious infection in a vulnerable population of pregnant patients and their fetuses. International perinatal societies and institutions including SMFM, ACOG, RCOG, ISUOG, CDC, CNGOF, ISS/SIEOG, and CatSalut have released guidelines for the care of these patients. We aim to summarize these current guidelines in a comprehensive review for patients, healthcare workers, and healthcare institutions. We included 15 papers from 10 societies through a literature search of direct review of society’s websites and their journal publications up till 20 April 2020. Recommendations specific to antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum were abstracted from the publications and summarized into Tables. The summary of guidelines for the management of COVID-19 in pregnancy across different perinatal societies is fairly consistent, with some variation in the strength of recommendations. It is important to recognize that these guidelines are frequently updated, as we continue to learn more about the course and impact of COVID-19 in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Insights from quantitative and mathematical modelling on the proposed WHO 2030 goal for schistosomiasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
World Health ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Current Guidelines

Schistosomiasis remains one of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) impacting millions of people around the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently proposed a goal of elimination as a public health problem (EPHP) for schistosomiasis to be reached by 2030. Current WHO treatment guidelines for achieving EPHP focus on targeting school-aged children. The NTD Modelling Consortium has developed mathematical models to study schistosomiasis transmission dynamics and the impact of control measures. Our modelling insights on Schistosoma mansoni have shown that EPHP is likely to be attainable in low to moderate prevalence settings using the current guidelines. However, as prevalence rises within higher settings, EPHP is less likely to be achieved unless both school-aged children and adults are treated (with coverage levels increasing with the adult burden of infection). We highlight the challenges that are faced by treatment programmes, such as non-adherence to treatment and resurgence, which can hinder progress towards achieving and maintaining EPHP. Additionally, even though EPHP may be reached, prevalence can still be high due to persisting infections. Therefore, without elimination of transmission, treatment will likely have to continue to maintain EPHP. Further modelling work is being carried out, including extending our results to S. haematobium. By providing these modelling insights, we aim to inform discussions on the goals and treatment guidelines for schistosomiasis.

scholarly journals UTEROTONIC DRUGS IN THE PREVENTION OF POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGES

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Z.G. Khamidullina ◽  
A.Zh. Myrzabekova ◽  
A.Zh. Syzdykova
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Active Management ◽  
World Health ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

In the world practice, hemorrhages in obstetrics take leading positions within the causes of maternal morbidity and mortal ity. 800 women die every day due to childbirth complications under the data of the World Health Organization. The majority of maternal deaths occur during the perinatal period, usually within 24 hours postpartum. It is possible to prevent most of them. Lack of adequate pre-conceptional training, uncompensated extragenital diseases increase the percentage of pathological births. Consequently, practicing obstetricians-gynecologists have to face such childbirth complications as postpartum hemorrhage with increasing frequency. Uterine atonia is the main cause of postpartum hemorrhages. Uterotonic drugs administration enables to re- duce the risk of postpartum atonic hemorrhages. Particular attention should be paid to postpartum hemorrhage prevention, i.e. the use of uterotonic drugs as an integral part of the active management during the third period in natural labor and caesarean section.

scholarly journals Riccardo (Rico) Wittek (1944-2008)

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (24) ◽  
pp. 12657-12658
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
International Guidelines ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT Riccardo (Rico) Wittek died 26 September 2008 in Switzerland. Rico was well known for his work on the molecular biology of poxviruses and for his work with the World Health Organization on biosafety that led to international guidelines for work with dangerous infectious agents. His colleagues Erwin G. Van Meir, Daniel Lavanchy, and Bernard Moss have written Rico's memorial. Lynn W. Enquist Editor in Chief, Journal of Virology

scholarly journals MATERNAL COMPLIANCE IN POSTPARTUM VISITS IN PULAU BULUH VILLAGE BULANG DISTRICT, BATAM CITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Efilona Setri ◽  
Mohd. Faisyal Reza
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
World Health ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Background : According to the World Health Organization (WHO), maternal mortality is still quite high, every day around the world around 800 women die from complications during pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium. In 2013, 289,000 women died during and after pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium. Between 1990 and 2013, the global maternal mortality rate (i.e. the number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births) decreased by only 2.6% per year. This figure is still far from the target of reducing the annual MMR (5.5%) needed to achieve the 5th MDG target (Andiani, and Retno, 2014). Method : The research objective was to determine the compliance of mothers in conducting postpartum visits. Result : Results of the Research on Maternal Compliance in Postpartum Visits Postpartum Visits in Pulau Buluh Village, Bulang District, Batam City It was found that maternal post-partum visits in Pulau Buluh Village consisted of 35 respondents, namely 19 respondents (54%) postnatal visits were obedient, and 16 respondents (46 %) postpartum visits are non-compliant Conclusion : It is known that 19 (54%) of the respondent's frequency distribution of Compliance Postpartum visits are complete and 16 (46%) respondents who are incomplete during postpartum visits

scholarly journals Renal ischemic adverse drug events related to tranexamic acid in women of child-bearing age: an analysis of pharmacovigilance data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Stämpfli ◽  
Stefan Weiler ◽  
Carolyn F. Weiniger ◽  
Andrea M. Burden ◽  
Michael Heesen
Keyword(s):  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
World Health ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
Embolism And Thrombosis ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Renal Vascular

Abstract Purpose In response to a large trial, the World Health Organization broadened their recommendation on tranexamic acid to be used for post-partum hemorrhage. A 2013 French periodic safety update report warned of an abnormally high rate of renal cortical necrosis associated with tranexamic acid and other drugs for severe post-partum hemorrhage. We aimed to identify the reporting incidence of adverse thrombo-embolic events among women in child-bearing age who received tranexamic acid, with a focus on renal vascular and ischemic conditions. Methods We analyzed individual case safety reports (ICSRs) on renal vascular and ischemic conditions, pulmonary thrombotic and embolic conditions, and peripheral embolism and thrombosis from the database of the World Health Organization – Uppsala Monitoring Centre (WHO-UMC). ICSRs were restricted to reports including tranexamic acid as a suspected drug, sex reported as female, and reported age between 18 and 44 years. Reporting odds ratios (RORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated by comparing ICSRs on tranexamic acid to all other drugs in VigiBase. Results Within 2245 included ICSRs on tranexamic acid, we identified 29 reports of adverse renal vascular and ischemic conditions, 42 reports of pulmonary thrombotic and embolic conditions, and 41 reports of peripheral embolism and thrombosis. RORs were statistically significant by 32.6-fold (32.62, 95% CI: 22.50–47.29), 2.5-fold (2.52, 95% CI: 1.85–3.42), and 2.7-fold (2.67, 95% CI: 1.96–3.64), respectively, when compared to any other drug within VigiBase. Conclusion Tranexamic acid might bear an increased risk for renal ischemic adverse drug events in women of child-bearing age.

scholarly journals Oxytocyn Massage Using Innovative Massage Tool and Conventional Effleurage Techniques to Increase Breastmilk Production in Post Partum Mothers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nining Istighosah ◽  
◽  
Aprilia Nurtika Sari ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
World Health ◽  
Breast Milk Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Massage Treatment ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT Background: Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life is recommended by the World Health Organization and United Nations Children’s Fund. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding for up to 6 months and continuous breastfeeding for up to 2 months. Exclusive breastfeeding is the most effective intervention to reduce infant mortality. It is estimated that it can prevent 13% of under-five mortality in low-income countries. This study aimed to analyze the difference in breastmilk volume before and after the mother received the oxytocin massage using innovative massage tool and conventional effleurage techniques. Subjects and Methods: This was a quasi-experiment study with a non-randomized control trial pretest-posttest design was conducted in Kediri from August to September 2020. The sample used was post-partum women on days 4 to 10 using purposive sampling technique. The dependent variable was amount of breast milk production. The independent variables were oxytocin massage treatment with effleurage technique, and the combination of oxytocin massage, effleurage technique and innovation massage tool. The data was analyzed by T-Test. Results: In the oxytocin massage treatment group used the conventional Effleurage method (Mean = 42; SD = 29) while in the massage treatment group using an innovative massage tool (Mean = 60; SD = 51) this was very different in the control group (Mean = 3.4; SD = 8.8) and it was statistically significant (p= 0.005). Conclusion: Giving oxytocin massage using an innovative massage device were higher than oxytocin massage using the conventional Effleurage method and massage using this innovative massage device had a statistical impact on increasing breast milk production Keywords: oxytocin massage, breast milk production, innovative massage tool Correspondence: Nining Istighosah. School of Midwifery Dharma Husada Kediri. Jl. Penanggungan No. 41-A Kediri. E-mail: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281231352032. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.48

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