The potential benefits of ensiling the forage legume sulla compared with pasture

1998 ◽  
pp. 105-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Niezen ◽  
G.C. Waghorn ◽  
T.B. Lyons ◽  
D.C. Corson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Rapid Evaluation ◽  
Forage Legume ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
Hedysarum Coronarium ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Carbohydrate Levels

With high dry matter yields of high quality forage, high soluble carbohydrate levels and a suitability for harvest by cutting and removing, the forage legume sulla (Hedysarum coronarium) has the potential to be an important silage crop in New Zealand. In three experiments the ensiling potential of sulla was compared with conventional pasture using a mini-silo system which allows for rapid evaluation of forages using 3-4 kg of herbage. Experiment 1 evaluated the effect of increasing the proportion of sulla in pasture silage (0/100, 25/75, 50/50, 75/25 and 100/0 sulla/pasture). The principal findings were that increasing sulla content of the silage decreased (P

scholarly journals 'Necton' suIla - A preliminary agronomic evaluation

1990 ◽  
pp. 157-159
Author(s):  
Hari Krishna ◽  
Peter D. Kemp ◽  
The Late Sally D. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Forage Legume ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Late Autumn ◽  
Agronomic Evaluation ◽  
Hedysarum Coronarium ◽  
One Year

'Necton' sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.) is a perennial forage legume with potential to provide high quality, non-bloating feed. This trial examined the effect of grazing intensity and frequency on sulla over one year. Annual dry matter yields ranged from 7.4 to 18.0 t/ha. There was no difference in the yield of hard and lax-grazed plots but grazing in late autumn significantly decreased plant density and yield. Keywords 'Necton', sulla, legume, grazing management

scholarly journals Nutrient intake, digestibility and nitrogen balance of two temperate and two tropical forage legume hays fed to New Zealand white rabbits

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-142
Author(s):  
T. T. Akpensuen ◽  
J. T. Amodu ◽  
R. J. Tanko ◽  
S. B. Abdu ◽  
O. A. T. Namo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Forage Legume ◽  
Forage Legumes ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Tropical Forage ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits

An experiment was carried out to evaluate two temperate forage legumes (Trifolium pratense and Trifolium repens) and two tropical forage legumes (Stylosanthes guianensis and Centrosema molle) for hay intake and digestibility in the cool tropical climate of Vom, Jos, Plateau State of Nigeria. The legumes were planted in the month of June, 2016 and harvested at early-podding stage for hay. Sixteen (16) growing male New Zealand White rabbits were used for the digestibility study. The rabbits were arranged in a Completely Randomised Design and in individual cages measuring 55 cm x 39 cm x 40 cm. Nutrient contents, intake and digestibility in rabbits were determined. Crude protein content was significantly (P<0.01) higher in T. repens (18.38%) compared to T. pratense (16.50 %), whereas S. guianensis produced the least value of 13.83%. The crude fibre content of the hay was significantly higher (P<0.0I) in S. guianensis (37.29 %) compared to the other forage legumes. Dry matter intake was significantly (P<0.01) higher in rabbits fed T. repens (77.88%) compared to T. pratense (76.57%), and the lowest value of 62.97% was obtained in S. guianensis. Crude protein intake was significantly (P<0.01) higher in rabbits fed T. repens (15.05 g d-1) compared to those fed T. pratense (12.71 g d-1), but S. guianensis had the least value of 8.64 g d-1. On the other hand, rabbits fed S. guianensis hay had a higher (P<0.01) crude fibre intake (23.39%). Trifolium repens was significantly (P<0.01) higher in dry matter and crude protein digestibility (64.79 and 85. 88 %), while S. guianensis had lower values of 56.89 and 71.33%, respectively. Trifolium repens also had a significantly (P<0.01) higher total nitrogen intake and retained compared to the other forage legumes. Nitrogen retained in T. repens was 2.40 g d-1 compared to 1.87 g d-1 in T. pretense, while S. guianensis had the lowest of 1.34 g d-1. The temperate forage legume hays were higher in nutrient content, intake and digestibility compared to the tropical legume hays. Therefore, the forage crops may serve as better supplementary feeds for livestock feeding especially during the dry season.

scholarly journals GRASSLAND FERTILITY AND CROPPlNG

1968 ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
C.C. Mcleod
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
High Soil ◽  
Clover Plant

MOST of New Zealand's soils are inherently infertile and fertility has had to be built up per medium of clovers, pasture and grazing animals. On the pastoral land, nitrogen deficiency is the main limiting factor to increased production. The key to improvement lies in the clover plant which has the capacity to supply enough nitrogen for itself and the requirements of the associated grasses. At Palmerston North Sears (1952) found the nitrogen fixed was equivalent to 15 cwt sulphate of ammonia; in Canterbury, 100 lb, equivalent to 5 cwt of sulphate of ammonia, would probably be a reasonable annual average. To utilize the high dry matter produced under favourable conditions, high stock numbers are required which, in association with all-year grazing, favours a rapid buildup of soil fertility. In turn, high soil fertility enables high-yielding crops to be grown and this situation exists in most parts of New Zealand.

scholarly journals Potential and pitfalls of caucasian clover in southern New Zealand

2002 ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
D.R. Stevens ◽  
B. Mccorkindale
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Trifolium Ambiguum ◽  
Late Flowering ◽  
One Year ◽  
On Farm

The potential of caucasian clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.) to produce high quality forage and to establish in on-farm conditions was tested in southern New Zealand. Caucasian clover was established alone and after one year the plots were oversown with ryegrass, in November. After a further 6-month establishment period, dry matter (DM) yield and botanical composition were measured over the following two years. A 2 x 2 factorial design tested the effects of early or late flowering ryegrass and frequent (2 weeks in spring, 4 weeks in summer and autumn and twice during winter) or infrequent (4 weeks in spring, 6 weeks in summer and autumn, and once in winter) defoliation. Plots defoliated frequently produced less dry matter than infrequently defoliated plots (13260 and 16180 kg DM/ha respectively in year 1 and 9980 and 12250 kg DM/ha respectively in year 2, P

Effect of ensiling whole barley grain with pasture on silage quality and effluent production, and the performance of growing cattle

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 731 ◽  
Author(s):  
JL Jacobs ◽  
RJ Morris ◽  
J Zorrilla-Rios
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Carbohydrate Levels

Pasture was ensiled with increasing amounts of whole barley in stacks [0, 75 (SLB), 150 (SMB) kg/t fresh pasture] or in 200-L drum silos 10, 75 (DLB), 150 (DMB), 225 (DHB) kg/t fresh pasture]. All silages were well fermented with low pH values and low ammonia concentrations. The addition of barley significantly (P<0.05) increased the dry matter content of the resultant stack silages by 29% (SLB) and 54% (SMB) and significantly (P<0.05) increased residual water-soluble carbohydrate levels in the SMB silage compared with untreated stack silage. Incorporation of barley with pasture in 200-L silos significantly (P<0.001) increased the dry matter of the resultant silages and significantly (P<0.01) reduced effluent production by 55, 93, and 100% for DLB, DMB, and DHB compared with the untreated silo silage. Dry matter, nitrogen, and lactic acid concentrations in effluent did not differ significantly, although total losses of these components were significantly (P<0.01) higher in the untreated silage.| The stack silages were fed to beef steers (293 kg) and compared with silage diets containing equivalent levels of rolled barley mixed with untreated silage at feeding. Irrespective of method of feeding barley, animal performance improved compared with feeding a silage-only diet. At equivalent levels of barley inclusion, liveweight gains were higher and feed conversion ratios lower with the rolled barley diets. The results indicate that the addition of barley to low dry matter pasture during ensiling can reduce effluent production and the loss of soluble nutrients; however, it is likely that the grain will need to be processed to maximise subsequent animal production.

scholarly journals Harvesting sulla for yield and quality

2004 ◽  
pp. 93-93
Author(s):  
E.M.K. Minneé ◽  
S.J. Bluett ◽  
S.L. Woodward
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Nutritive Quality ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Hedysarum Coronarium ◽  
Dry Conditions

Deciding when to harvest sulla (Hedysarum coronarium) can be a compromise between herbage yield and forage nutritive quality. Sulla, which grows up to 1.5 m tall, is tolerant of dry conditions and has been shown to have beneficial effects on ruminant production and health. A trial was conducted at Hamilton, New Zealand, to compare crop yield and nutritive quality of sulla harvested when it reached 30, 45, 60 and 75 cm high (retaining a stubble of 15 cm) over one growing season. Results show harvesting at 75 cm versus 30 cm increased total dry matter (DM) yield by 30%. Increasing harvest height increased total fibre content from 13.1 to 20.1 g/100g DM, (P

scholarly journals Lucerne for high quality summer feed in North Island hill country

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 169-174
Author(s):  
A.W. Mcgowan ◽  
G.W. Sheath ◽  
R.W. Webby
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
Annual Basis ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Summer Growth

It is common to have a shortage of high quality summer feed on hill country farms in New Zealand, due to a deterioration of pasture growth during the drier months. Lucerne produces high quality feed during summer on lowland fields; however, its potential in hill country is unknown. This study measured the persistence of lucerne and evaluated its seasonal production relative to pasture. These results were then modelled for a typical sheep and beef farm to assess the potential benefits of including lucerne on the farm. Monthly growth rates of lucerne (six cultivars) and pasture were measured pregrazing, and lucerne viability was assessed at the end of the five-year study. Lucerne was successfully established and maintained on hill country for five years. On average, the total annual production of lucerne and pasture were similar, with only the highest yielding cultivar 'Rere' consistently outproducing pasture on an annual basis. Lower spring production of lucerne was compensated for by higher summer growth rates of 62 kg DM/ha/day, compared with 34 kg DM/ha/day for pasture. The extra summer feed from lucerne enabled a model farm that included 12.5% lucerne to carry more animals and produce lambs of heavier slaughter weight than on a pasture only basis. This gave a predicted increase in the gross margin of 3%. The impact of lucerne on other farms must be modelled individually to establish the best system to utilise the additional high quality summer feed. Key words: lucerne, modelling, quality summer feed

White clover sensitivity to UV-B radiation - biochemical relationships and interaction with drought

2003 ◽  
pp. 273-277
Author(s):  
R.W. Hofmann ◽  
B.D. Campbell ◽  
E.E. Swinny ◽  
S.J. Bloor ◽  
K.R. Markham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Stress Protection ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Population Comparisons ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Quercetin Glycosides ◽  
Balance Trade

During summertime in New Zealand, white clover experiences high levels of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation. This frequently coincides with periods of summer drought. We investigated responses to UV-B and to the combination of UV-B and drought in various white clover populations, including New Zealand cultivars and ecotypes as well as overseas germplasm. The results were obtained under controlled environmental conditions in three independent trials. Overall, white clover growth was reduced by UV-B. The population comparisons indicated that low growth rate and adaptation to other forms of stress may be related to UV-B tolerance under well-watered conditions, but not during extended periods of drought. Flavonoid pigments that are involved in stress protection were strongly increased under UV-B and were further enhanced in the combination of UV-B and drought. The responses among these flavonoids were highly specific, with more pronounced UV-B-induced increases in quercetin glycosides, compared to their closely related kaempferol counterparts. UV-B toler ance of the less productive white clover populations was linked to the accumulation of quercetin compounds. In conclusion, these studies suggest (i) that slow-growing white clover ecotypes adapted to other stresses have higher capacity for biochemical acclimation to UV-B under well-watered conditions and (ii) that these biochemical attributes may also contribute to decreased UV-B sensitivity across white clover populations under drought. The findings alert plant breeders to potential benefits of selecting productive germplasm for high levels of specific flavonoids to balance trade-offs between plant productivity and stress tolerance. Keywords: Drought, flavonoids, genetic variation, HPLC, kaempferol, quercetin, str ess, Trifolium repens L., ultraviolet-B, white clover

scholarly journals The Performance of Steers Fed on Sugarcane in natura or Ensiled with Concentrate

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Dheynne Alves Vieira ◽  
Andréia Santos Cezário ◽  
Wallacy Barbacena Rosa dos Santos ◽  
Jeferson Corrêa Ribeiro ◽  
Tiago Neves Pereira Valente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of crossbred Holstein × Zebu steers fed on the diets containing sugarcane in natura or ensiled with two levels of concentrate (30% and 70%). A total of 32 males of 394 kg of body weight were used in a completely randomized experimental design with four treatments and seven repetitions. The animals reported a high dry matter intake (DMI) (P < 0.05) when fed on the high concentrate levels. The increase in concentrate levels resulted in an approximately 25% to 60% higher DMI as compared to the lowest level offered by silage-based diets and sugarcane in natura. The highest apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter were observed in the diets based on sugarcane in natura (P < 0.05). The sugarcane based diets also affected (P > 0.05) the digestibility of organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, crude protein, ether extract, and non-fiber carbohydrates. There were no differences (P > 0.05) between the diets for average daily weight gain, carcass dressing, carcass gain, and feed conversion. The diets based on sugarcane in nature or ensiled with 30% and 70% concentrates do not influence the performance of crossbred Holstein × Zebu cattle.

The assessment of herbage legume varieties. II. In vitro digestibility, water soluble carbohydrate, crude protein and mineral content of primary growth of clover and lucerne

1966 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Ellis Davies ◽  
G. ap Griffith ◽  
A. Ellington
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Primary Growth

The primary growth of eight varieties of three species–white clover (3), red clover (4) and lucerne (1)–was sampled at fortnightly intervals and the percentage dry matter, in vitro digestibility, crude protein, water soluble carbohydrates, P, Ca, K, Na and Mg were determined.Differences between species were nearly always significant and the general order of merit was white clover, red clover and lucerne. The exceptions were for dry-matter percentage where this order was reversed, and red clover had the lowest Na and highest Mg content.

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