Trends in the Prevalence of Breast Cancer in the Kyrgyz Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 163-170
Author(s):  
A. Ibraimova ◽  
N. Nasirova ◽  
K. Bolbachan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Level

Currently, malignant neoplasms are one of the leading causes of mortality not only in the world, but also in the Kyrgyz Republic. By 2030, the number of new cancer cases is projected to increase to 26.4 million per year and the number of deaths to 17 million. In assessing cancer incidence and mortality from 25 major cancers in 40 countries in Europe, breast cancer was one of the most common causes of cancer death. Statistical data from the Electronic Health Centre and the National Oncology and Hematology Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic were analyzed. In the Kyrgyz Republic, there is a positive trend among women in the increase in the incidence of malignant neoplasms in 0.03% in 2016 to 1.7% in 2015 and 2018. By the regions of the Republic, a high level of morbidity was revealed with an increase in the indicator in Batken, Issyk–Kul, Osh region and Osh city. The prevalence of malignant new growths of a mammary gland among women of the Kyrgyz Republic tended growth in the studied years for 1.5, 2.1, 1.7 and 1.9% respectively. Across the regions of the republic in all years the growth of the indicator was observed in Jalal–Abad, Issyk–Kul, Osh regions and Osh. There was also an increase in the Batken and Naryn regions, except in 2015. In 2018, compared to 2014, there was a decrease in female mortality from malignant neoplasms by 61.8% in terms of visibility. In terms of mortality from malignant breast neoplasms, there is a reverse trend among women of the Republic. Thus, the indicator increased by 107.6%. The main reasons for the high one-year fatality are the late appeal of patients to specialists, the lack of qualified personnel at the primary level of medical services, the absence of observation rooms in family medicine centers, the reduction of oncological caution of doctors and the population of the Republic. Screening of the female population and treatment of pre-tumor breast diseases should be carried out.

scholarly journals Malignant Neoplasms as the Most Priority Medical and Social Issue of the Healthcare System

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 120-130
Author(s):  
A. Vaninov
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Cancer Of The Stomach ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Cancer Of The Cervix

The article provides literature data on the trends of malignant neoplasms not only in the world but also in the Kyrgyz Republic. Malignant neoplasms are a global problem in public health, occupy a leading place for the causes of mortality. In 2018, more than 18 million new cases of cancer were diagnosed worldwide, more than 9.6 million people died, and the total number of patients increased to 43 million. According to forecasts, by 2030, the number of new cases of cancer will increase to 26.4 million per year, and the number of deaths — up to 17 million. The epidemiological situation of cancer remains unfavorable, both in Russia and around the world. In the Russian Federation, there is an increase in cancer incidence from 363.0 in 2010 to 425.3 in 2018 per 100,000 population. Moreover, the growth trend is observed in all regions of the country. In the Kyrgyz Republic, the incidence of malignant neoplasms increased from 83.1 in 2010 to 90.3 per 100,000 of the population in 2018. This indicator is growing in Chui, Naryn and Batken regions, as well as in Osh, and in other regions, there is a slight decrease in the indicator. In the structure of oncological morbidity, the first place is occupied by breast cancer (206‱), the second place — cancer of the cervix (153‱), and the third place — cancer of the stomach (117‱). It should be noted that in Russia for every 100 patients who died from malignant neoplasms, 10.7 were not registered. The mortality rate in the Kyrgyz Republic has somewhat stabilized, both in the republic as a whole and in individual regions, and in 2018 amounted to 56.3 per 100,000 of the population (56.4 in 2017). In the female population, 1st place is occupied by breast cancer — 605‱, 2nd place — by the cervix (153‱), 3rd place — by the stomach (71‱). One of the most common forms of malignant neoplasms of the organs of the reproductive system is cervical cancer, which takes 2nd place in frequency and 3rd place in mortality from cancer in women. The analysis of morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms in various countries showed that screening and early detection, as well as timely and effective treatment, are necessary to reduce mortality.

scholarly journals Genetically associated breast cancer. Prevention and treatment

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
А.Д. Зикиряходжаев ◽  
Э.К. Сарибекян ◽  
А.С. Сухотько ◽  
А.В. Трегубова
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Brca2 Gene ◽  
Contralateral Breast ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Brca1 Brca2

Рак молочной железы (РМЖ) занимает первое место в структуре онкологической заболеваемости и смертности от злокачественных новообразований среди женского населения Российской Федерации. Согласно последним статистическим данным, отмечается неуклонный рост заболеваемости РМЖ, что требует более тщательного изучения возможных мер профилактики его развития. Одним из современных методов обследования при подозрении на РМЖ является выполнение генетического исследования на наличие мутаций, увеличивающих риски развития заболевания. Так, на сегодняшний день известно большое количество генов, ассоциированных с повышенным риском развития РМЖ, к таким генам относятся: BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, TP53, STK-11 и многие другие. При выявлении той или иной мутации у пациентки повышаются риски развития РМЖ, а если заболевание уже реализовано, то риски развития рака контрлатеральной молочной железы. По данным литературы, кумулятивный риск развития РМЖ у носителей мутации в гене BRCA1 к 80 годам составляет 72%, при этом риск развития рака яичников составляет 44% и 40% риск развития рака контралатеральной молочной железы. Для носителей мутации в гене BRCA2 кумулятивный риск развития РМЖ составляет 69%, риск развития рака яичников составляет 17% и 26% риск развития рака контралатеральной молочной железы. Учитывая значительное повышение рисков развития РМЖ при носительстве мутации в том или ином гене, актуальным, на сегодняшний день, является вопрос о внедрении в широкую практику профилактических операций, которые позволяют значительно снизить риски развития РМЖ. В данном обзоре литературы представлены наиболее актуальные статьи, затрагивающие данную тематику. Breast cancer (BC) occupies the first place in the structure of cancer incidence and mortality from malignant neoplasms among the female population of the Russian Federation. According to the latest statistics, there has been a steady increase in the incidence of breast cancer, which requires a more thorough study of possible measures to prevent its development. One of the modern methods of examination for suspected breast cancer is to carry out a genetic study for mutations that increase the risk of developing breast cancer compared with a group of patients with sporadic breast cancer. So, today a large number of genes are known that are associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer, these genes include: BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, TP53, STK-11 etc. If one or another mutation is detected in a patient, the risks of developing breast cancer increase, and if the disease has already been realized, then the risks of developing cancer of the contralateral breast. Thus, the cumulative risk of developing breast cancer in carriers of mutations in the BRCA1 gene to 80 years old is 72%, while the risk of developing ovarian cancer is 44% and 40% the risk of developing cancer of the contralateral breast. For carriers of mutations in the BRCA2 gene, the cumulative risk of developing breast cancer is 69%, the risk of developing ovarian cancer is 17% and 26% is the risk of developing cancer of the contralateral breast. Given the significant increase in the risks of developing breast cancer with carriage of a mutation in a particular gene, today, the urgent issue is the introduction of preventive surgery into widespread practice, since it is the implementation of preventive mastectomy that can significantly reduce the risks of developing breast cancer. This literature review presents the most relevant articles affecting this topic.

AGE FEATURES OF MOLECULAR-BIOLOGICAL SUBTYPES OF BREAST CANCER IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-199
Author(s):  
Gulya Miryusupova ◽  
G. Khakimov ◽  
N. Shayusupov
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Indigenous Women ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Data ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Age Features

According to the results of breast cancer data in the Republic of Uzbekistan in addition to the increase in morbidity and mortality from breast cancer among women the presence of age specific features among indigenous women in the direction of “rejuvenating” of the disease with all molecular-biological (phenotypic) subtypes of breast cancer were marked. Within the framework of age-related features the prevalence of the least favorable phenotypes of breast cancer was found among indigenous women: Her2/neu hyperexpressive and three times negative subtype of breast cancer. The data obtained made it possible to build a so-called population “portrait” of breast cancer on the territory of the Republic, which in turn would contribute to further improvement of cancer care for the female population of the country.

СONTRIBUTION OF POLYMORPHIC VARIATION OF ТP53 AND XRCC1 GENES TO THE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO BREAST CANCER FOR WOMEN OF KYRGYZ AND BELARUSIAN NATIONALITY - A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON MULTIFACTOR DIMENSIONALITY REDUCTION METHODS

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Nazira Aldasheva ◽  
Vyacheslav Kipen ◽  
Zhaynagul Isakova ◽  
Sergey Melnov ◽  
Raisa Smolyakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Dimensionality Reduction ◽  
Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Polymorphic Variants ◽  
The Republic

Basing on Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction method we showed that polymorphic variants p.Q399R (rs25487, XRCC1) and p.P72R (rs1042522, TP53) correlated with increased risk of breast cancer for women from the Kyrgyz Republic and the Republic of Belarus. Cohort for investigation included patients with clinically verified breast cancer: 117 women from the Kyrgyz Republic (nationality - Kyrgyz) and 169 - of the Republic of Belarus (nationality - Belarusians). Group for comparison included (healthy patients without history of cancer pathology at the time of blood sampling) 102 patients from the Kyrgyz Republic, 185 - from the Republic of Belarus. Respectively genotyping of polymorphic variants p.Q399R (rs25487, XRCC1) and p.P72R (rs1042522, TP53) was done by PCR-RFLP. Analysis of the intergenic interactions conducted with MDR 3.0.2 software. Both ethnic groups showed an increase of breast cancer risk in the presence of alleles for SNPs Gln p.Q399R (XRCC1) in the heterozygous state: for the group “Kyrgyz” - OR=2,78 (95% CI=[1,60-4,82]), p=0,001; for the group “Belarusians” - OR=1,85 (95% СІ=[1Д1-2,82], p=0,004. Carriers with combination of alleles Gln (p.Q399R, XRCC1) and Pro (p.P72R, TP53) showed statistically significance increases of breast cancer risk as for patients from the Kyrgyz Republic (OR=2,89, 95% CI=[1,33-6,31]), so as for patients from the Republic of Belarus (OR=3,01, 95% CI=[0,79-11,56]).

scholarly journals Results of the «Comprehensive Cancer Control Plan in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2018-2022» realization in 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
D. KAIDAROVA ◽  
O. SHATKOVSKAYA ◽  
Z. DUSHIMOVA
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Service Improvement ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Comprehensive Cancer Control ◽  
Plan Implementation ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Cancer Service ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Republic

Relevance: Cancer control is among the key social policy priorities in the Republic of Kazakhstan. 14,000 people die from cancer every year. As a result, our country faces an epidemiologic crisis caused by the increasing malignancy-related incidence and mortality, plus the increasing number of people living with cancer. In 2019, 186 326 patients with malignant neoplasms were under dynamic supervision in Kazakhstan; 52.5% lived for five years or more [1]. WHO prognosis a 1.5-2 times growth of annual malignancy-related incidence and mortality worldwide by 2022. The Republic of Kazakhstan follows the same trend, taking into account the growing welfare and life expectancy of the population and an increase in the detection of malignant neoplasms due to the introduction of early detection programs [2]. This study aimed to assess the implementation in 2019 of the Comprehensive Cancer Control Plan in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2018-2022. Results: Intermediate Comprehensive Plan implementation results showed the efficacy of the conducted measures as reflected by major cancer service indicators. Thus, the early detection has improved: stage 0-I detection amounted to 27.1% of all new cases (2019 target – 25.2%). This had a positive impact on cancer survival: in 2019, the proportion of 5-year or more survival was 54.7% for breast cancer (2019 target – 54.5%), 56.8% for cervical cancer (2019 target – 55.8%), 46.6% for colorectal cancer (2019 target – 45.8%) [1]. Conclusion: The Comprehensive Cancer Control Plan implementation results evidence cancer service improvement in the Republic of Kazakhstan as of 2019 (increased 5-year survival and decreased mortality). However, a high share of detection of visually accessible malignant neoplasms at generalized and advanced stages should be addressed in the coming years.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BREAST CANCER PREVALENCE RATE OF THE OF URBAN AND RURAL FEMALE POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KHAKASSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 335-339
Author(s):  
Olga N. Chernenko ◽  
O. B Borisov ◽  
Yu. A Dykhno
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Cancer Prevalence ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Republic

In article the comparative characteristic of a morbidity rate of the breast cancer (BC) of urban and rural female population of the Republic of Khakassia in 1999-2013 is given. The main tendencies of the dynamics of a BC prevalence rate are revealed: the more pronounced gain in the morbidity rate of the urban population (Abakan), the significant growth in the prevalence rate in the female population of districts of the Republic; the increase of the number of cases in working-age women

Spatial assessment of breast cancer mortality in Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 1-2 (211-212) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Asem Toguzbayeva ◽  
◽  
Nurbek Igissinov ◽  
Gulnur Igissinova ◽  
Zarina Bilyalova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Spatial Assessment ◽  
The North ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Republic

Breast cancer (BC) mortality analysis at the regional level is important not only for assessing the current epidemiological situation, but also contributes to a better understanding of factors that may affect mortality. Aim. The purpose of the study is to assess the spatial deaths from BC in Kazakhstan. Material and methods. Investigation was retrospective between 2009-2018 years. The materials were collected by statistics Committee by the Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan concerning the deaths from BC (ICD-10-C50). A method of compiling a cartogram based on the determination of the standard deviation (σ) from the mean (x) was applied. Mortality rates calculated per 100,000 female population were used. Results and discussion. A spatial assessment of breast cancer mortality was presented based on the calculation of mortality rates: low up to 12.80/0000; average from 12.8 to 17.30/0000, and high – above 17.30/0000. It was established that the North Kazakhstan (18.20/0000), Akmola (18.90/0000), East Kazakhstan (20.30/0000) and Pavlodar (22.20/0000) regions, as well as the city of Almaty (21.70/0000) relate to regions with high mortality rates. Conclusion. Features of mortality from BC in the republic have been established, while a spatial assessment (cartogram) of mortality indicates regions with different mortality rates. The obtained data are recommended to be used for monitoring and evaluation of anti-cancer measures – BC screening. Keywords: mortality, breast cancer, cartogram, Kazakhstan.

Breast Cancer in Megapolises of Kazakhstan: Epidemiological Assessment of Incidence and Mortality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurbek IGISSINOV ◽  
Assem TOGUZBAYEVA ◽  
Botagoz TURDALIYEVA ◽  
Gulnur IGISSINOVA ◽  
Zarina BILYALOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Malignant Disease ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Government

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease among the female population of Kazakhstan like in many developed countries of the world (Canada, UK, US, Western Europe), and it accounts for every 5th tumor. We aimed to assess the epidemiological aspects of breast cancer incidence and mortality among Almaty and Astana (Now Nur-Sultan), Kazakhstan residents in 2009-2018. Methods: A retrospective study using modern descriptive and analytical methods of epidemiology was conducted to evaluate the breast cancer incidence and mortality in megapolises of Kazakhstan. Results: The average annual age-standardized incidence rate of breast cancer amounted to 61.90/0000 (95% CI=56.2-67.6) in Almaty and 61.20/0000 (95% CI=56.765.7) in Astana. The average age-standardized mortality was 19.20/0000 (95% CI=17.3-21.1) in Almaty and 19.30/0000 (95% CI=17.1-21.4) in Astana. The standardized incidence in the megapolises tended to increase (Тgr=+0.8% in Almaty and Тgr=+1.4% in Astana), while the mortality was decreasing (Тdec=−4.2% in Almaty and Тdec=−1.1% in Astana). According to the component analysis, the growth in the number of breast cancer cases was due to a population increase (ΔP=+130.4% in Almaty and ΔP=+93.2% in Astana), with a notable decrease of factors related to the risk of getting sick (ΔR=−27.9% in Almaty, ΔR=−6.1% in Astana). Conclusion: This is the first epidemiological study to assess the changes in incidence and mortality from breast cancer in megapolises of Kazakhstan because of screening. The results of this study can be used to improve the government program to combat breast cancer.

scholarly journals EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CLINICO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF DLBCL IN THE NOVOSIBIRSK CITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
E. N. Voropaeva ◽  
A. A. Gurageva ◽  
T. I. Pospelova ◽  
M. A. Kolesnikova ◽  
M. I. Voevoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Primary Lymphoma ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Annual Reporting ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Background. The annual reporting forms for malignant neoplasms do not provide for the division of lymphomas into variants. In international publications and statistical reference books of the Russian Federation, variants of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHL) are also not separated. For these reasons, a detailed assessment of the epidemiology of NHL in Russia is difficult, and data for individual variants of the disease are not provided.Purpose: to present the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DL BCL ) in Novosibirsk according to the data of the City Hematology Center (CHC).Material and Methods. A retrospective analysis of primary medical documentation (case histories,  outpatient charts, and immunohistochemical study reports) of 271 patients with DL BCL was performed in the period from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2018.Results. The calculated registered primary morbidity and mortality from DL BCL in Novosibirsk for the analyzed years fluctuated slightly. The average incidence and mortality rates were 2.85 and 1.98 per 100,000 population, respectively. When analyzing the dynamics of the prevalence of DL BCL in Novosibirsk, a positive trend of annual increase in the indicator was revealed: 1.87 times over the past 6 years. In men, the tumor developed 2.6 years earlier than in women. In General, the risk of getting DL BCL after 50 years was 3 times higher than at the age of 30 years. Among patients diagnosed with primary lymphoma who underwent treatment at the Hematology department of CHC, half of the patients had DL BCL .Evaluation of the clinical characteristics showed a pronounced severity of the analyzed cohort.Conclusion. The updated quantitative and qualitative indicators of clinical and epidemiological characteristics of DL BCL in Novosibirsk for 2013–18 were obtained. These indicators can be used for further monitoring, development and implementation of measures for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this form of hemoblastosis. 

scholarly journals The dynamics of the incidence of breast cancer in the Moscow region (2011–2018)

2020 ◽  
pp. 166-173
Author(s):  
L. M. Kogoniya ◽  
V. I. Astashov ◽  
S. N. Minakov
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Introduction. Breast cancer is a serious medical and social challenge and the statistics around the world look daunting.Relevance. The incidence of breast cancer is increasing in most countries and this may be due to a number of reasons. First of all, it should be noted the improvement of diagnostic methods, in particular, mass mammographic screening, which allows detecting neoplasms at early stages, before the onset of clinical symptoms. As for mortality rates, in recent years, world statistics show a downward trend in rates.Goal. To analyze the incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer (BC) in the Moscow Region (MO) for the period from 2011 to 2018. The study of indicators in one of the regions of Russia – MO – is of great importance for determining and predicting the true needs of the population in specialized medical care.The purpose of the study was to analyze the incidence of breast cancer (breast cancer) in the Moscow Region (MO) for a period of time from 2011 to 2018.Materials and methods. Some data of the territorial cancer registry of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with breast cancer were used, which will make it possible to determine the needs of this cohort of patients in specialized care.Results. From 2011 to 2018, 26755 new cases of breast cancer were diagnosed in the Moscow Region. The analysis of the comparative stratification in breast cancer in the medical district made it possible to obtain statistically significant differences indicating an increase in the incidence in the period from 2015–2018 in comparison with the period of 2011–2014. The presented data also indicate a trend towards a decrease in the one-year mortality rate over 8 years: from 6.33% in 2011 to 5.32% in 2018. For the period from 2011 to 2018 (8 years) there is an increase in the number of patients with breast cancer who have been in the medical center under dispensary supervision for 5 years or more.Conclusions. Analysis of the data obtained on the indicators of morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms is of great importance for determining the needs of the population in specialized medical care.

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