scholarly journals Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19): Course and Long-term Consequences

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 271-291
Author(s):  
I. Murkamilov ◽  
K. Aitbaev ◽  
Zh. Murkamilova ◽  
I. Kudaibergenova ◽  
T. Maanaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Social Burden ◽  
Acute Myocardial Injury ◽  
Long Term Consequences

A new strain of coronavirus — SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CorOnaVirus-2) has caused an increase in the number of cases and high mortality worldwide. In patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19, Corona Virus Disease 19), in addition to lung damage, there is a high risk of developing multiple organ failure. Concomitant cardiovascular diseases are independent risk factors for the development of severe forms of COVID-19. Acute COVID-19 is manifested by polysegmental pneumonia, pulmonary edema, sepsis, atrial or ventricular fibrillation, acute myocardial injury, myocarditis, pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade, and various thromboembolic disorders. COVID-19 can provoke chronic damage to the cardiovascular, nephro- and cerebrovascular systems, which worsen the patient's life prognosis. In persons who have undergone COVID-19, in the future, an increase in various cardiovascular complications, disorders of carbohydrate and purine metabolism, etc. can be expected. The article discusses the course and long-term consequences of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on the presented case series. The above observations of cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) demonstrate a variety of its clinical manifestations and outcomes, in which, along with damage to the lungs, there are also lesions of the cardiovascular, endocrine and urinary systems. Based on the accumulated experience in the management of patients, it is proposed to distinguish between acute (from 1 to 4 weeks), subacute (from 4 to 12 weeks) and chronic (from 12 weeks or more) forms. The use of this approach in real clinical practice facilitates the work of doctors in the outpatient-polyclinic stage of observation, reducing the social burden of the disease, routing patients, as well as stratification of persons suffering from COVID-19 for the development of pulmonary fibrosis.

UPDATE ON CARDIOVASCULAR IMPLICATIONS OF COVID 19

2021 ◽  
pp. 238-242
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar Radhakrishnan ◽  
Gayathri Ananyajyothi Ambat ◽  
Roshini Ambat ◽  
Syed Ilas Basha ◽  
Hema Prakash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Systemic Vasculitis ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Acute Myocardial Injury ◽  
Exercise Induced

On March 11 2020 WHO declares corona viral disease as a global pandemic .COVID 19 pandemic has taken the world by storm and many countries like India is now experiencing a second surge due to mutant strains. Global health emergency has been precipitated by this corona virus disease caused by SARS CoV2.Acute and intermediate effects on cardiovascular system are becoming obvious with progression of time. SARS-CoV-2-related endothelial dysfunction results in an augmented risk for venous thromboembolism, systemic vasculitis, endothelial cell apoptosis, and inammation in various organs. Acute infections have troponin elevation more due to indirect cardiac damage though denite patterns of direct damage do exist. Intermediate evaluation in patients with resolved infections shows increased incidence of exercise induced arrhythmias and residual cardiovascular symptoms. The virus with its zoonotic origin based upon its genomic identity to bat derived SARS corona virus has a human to human transmission mode.ACE 2 receptors facilitate cellular entry and has been implicated in direct and indirect myocardial damage. Myocarditis, acute myocardial injury, arrhythmias and thromboembolism dominates the clinical picture. Role of imaging must be dened in relation to relevant clinical ndings. With arrival of vaccine and widespread vaccination global programs, we can look forward to understanding and managing long term complications of this disease. Prognostic implications of a resolved disease need to be evaluated by future studies.

scholarly journals Fucosidosis—Clinical Manifestation, Long-Term Outcomes, and Genetic Profile—Review and Case Series

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina M. Stepien ◽  
Elżbieta Ciara ◽  
Aleksandra Jezela-Stanek
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Genetic Profile ◽  
Nonsense Mutations ◽  
Pathogenic Variants ◽  
One Stop ◽  
Stop Loss

Fucosidosis is a neurodegenerative disorder which progresses inexorably. Clinical features include coarse facial features, growth retardation, recurrent upper respiratory infections, dysostosis multiplex, and angiokeratoma corporis diffusum. Fucosidosis is caused by mutations in the FUCA1 gene resulting in α-L-fucosidase deficiency. Only 36 pathogenic variants in the FUCA1 gene are related to fucosidosis. Most of them are missense/nonsense substitutions; six missense and 11 nonsense mutations. Among deletions there were eight small and five gross changes. So far, only three splice site variants have been described—one small deletion, one complete deletion and one stop-loss mutation. The disease has a significant clinical variability, the cause of which is not well understood. The genotype–phenotype correlation has not been well defined. This review describes the genetic profile and clinical manifestations of fucosidosis in pediatric and adult cases.

scholarly journals Pancreatic Resections in Renal Failure Patients: Is It Worth the Risk?

HPB Surgery ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Norman ◽  
S. R. Domingo ◽  
L. L. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Pancreatic Surgery ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Pancreatic Resections ◽  
American College Of Surgeons

Background. Chronic kidney disease affects 20 million US patients, with nearly 600,000 on dialysis. Long-term survival is limited and the risk of complex pancreatic surgery in this group is questionable. Previous studies are limited to case reports and small case series and a large database may help determine the true risk of pancreatic surgery in this population. Methods. The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried (2005–2011) for patients who underwent pancreatic resection. Renal failure was defined as the clinical condition associated with rapid, steadily increasing azotemia (rise in BUN) and increasing creatinine above 3 mg/dL. Operative trends and short-term outcomes were reviewed for those with and without renal failure (RF). Results. In 18,533 patients, 28 had RF. There was no difference in wound infections, neurologic or cardiovascular complications. Compared to non-RF patients, those with RF had more unplanned intubation (OR 4.89, 95% CI 1.85–12.89), bleeding requiring transfusion (OR 3.12, 95% CI 1.37–14.21), septic shock (OR 8.86, 95% CI 3.75–20.91), higher 30-day mortality (21.4% versus 2.3%, P<0.001) and longer hospital stay (23 versus 12 days, P<0.001). Conclusions. RF patients have much higher morbidity and mortality after pancreatic resections and surgeons should consider this before proceeding.

scholarly journals The Role of MSC Therapy in Attenuating the Damaging Effects of the Cytokine Storm Induced by COVID-19 on the Heart and Cardiovascular System

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina M. Ellison-Hughes ◽  
Liam Colley ◽  
Katie A. O'Brien ◽  
Kirsty A. Roberts ◽  
Thomas A. Agbaedeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Organ Systems

The global pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to 47 m infected cases and 1. 2 m (2.6%) deaths. A hallmark of more severe cases of SARS-CoV-2 in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) appears to be a virally-induced over-activation or unregulated response of the immune system, termed a “cytokine storm,” featuring elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-22, CXCL10, and TNFα. Whilst the lungs are the primary site of infection for SARS-CoV-2, in more severe cases its effects can be detected in multiple organ systems. Indeed, many COVID-19 positive patients develop cardiovascular complications, such as myocardial injury, myocarditis, cardiac arrhythmia, and thromboembolism, which are associated with higher mortality. Drug and cell therapies targeting immunosuppression have been suggested to help combat the cytokine storm. In particular, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), owing to their powerful immunomodulatory ability, have shown promise in early clinical studies to avoid, prevent or attenuate the cytokine storm. In this review, we will discuss the mechanistic underpinnings of the cytokine storm on the cardiovascular system, and how MSCs potentially attenuate the damage caused by the cytokine storm induced by COVID-19. We will also address how MSC transplantation could alleviate the long-term complications seen in some COVID-19 patients, such as improving tissue repair and regeneration.

scholarly journals Characterizing Long COVID: Deep Phenotype of a Complex Condition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel R Deer ◽  
Madeline A Rock ◽  
Nicole Vasilevsky ◽  
Leigh C Carmody ◽  
Halie M Rando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Human Phenotype ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Importance: Since late 2019, the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has given rise to a global pandemic and introduced many health challenges with economic, social, and political consequences. In addition to a complex acute presentation that can affect multiple organ systems, there is mounting evidence of various persistent long-term sequelae. The worldwide scientific community is characterizing a diverse range of seemingly common long-term outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, but the underlying assumptions in these studies vary widely making comparisons difficult. Numerous publications describe the clinical manifestations of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC or long COVID), but they are difficult to integrate because of heterogeneous methods and the lack of a standard for denoting the many phenotypic manifestations of long COVID. Observations: We identified 303 articles published before April 29, 2021, curated 59 relevant manuscripts that described clinical manifestations in 81 cohorts of individuals three weeks or more following acute COVID-19, and mapped 287 unique clinical findings to Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) terms. Conclusions and Relevance: Patients and clinicians often use different terms to describe the same symptom or condition. Addressing the heterogeneous and inconsistent language used to describe the clinical manifestations of long COVID combined with the lack of standardized terminologies for long COVID will provide a necessary foundation for comparison and meta-analysis of different studies. Translating long COVID manifestations into computable HPO terms will improve the analysis, data capture, and classification of long COVID patients. If researchers, clinicians, and patients share a common language, then studies can be compared or pooled more effectively. Furthermore, mapping lay terminology to HPO for long COVID manifestations will help patients assist clinicians and researchers in creating phenotypic characterizations that are computationally accessible, which may improve the stratification and thereby diagnosis and treatment of long COVID.

scholarly journals The long-term consequences of Corona Virus Disease 2019 patients receiving Chinese herbal medicine treatments in acute phase

Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (29) ◽  
pp. e26677
Author(s):  
Yi-ming Sun ◽  
Jia-yan Liu ◽  
Ran Sun ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Meng-lu Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Chinese Herbal Medicine ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Long Term Consequences

scholarly journals Long-term consequences of polycystic ovary syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
O R Grigoryan ◽  
N S Zhemaite ◽  
N N Volevodz ◽  
E N Andreeva ◽  
G A Melnichenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Endocrine Disease ◽  
Menstrual Irregularities ◽  
Long Term Consequences

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common chronic endocrine disease in women. The prevailing complaints at a young age are menstrual irregularities, infertility, and hyperandrogenism-related problems. However, metabolic disorder-induced complications have been in the foreground over years. The review gives the current ideas on a change of clinical manifestations in the natural course of PCOS, as well as the pathogenetically grounded prevention of complications in patients.

Language evolution post stroke in newborn and infant age

ORL ro ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Magdalena Sandu ◽  
Ramona Sterea ◽  
Raluca Ioana Teleanu
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Language Evolution ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Vascular Lesion ◽  
Cerebral Injury ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Evolution Of Language ◽  
Long Term Consequences

Perinatal stroke is defined as a vascular cerebral injury that takes place before the age of  28 days, and it usually includes the in utero periode. The vascular lesion can, however, happen even in infancy, due to various causes. Stroke has a lower incidence at infant age, but a higher rate of recognition due to the more obvious clinical manifestations. The incidence of stroke reaches 1/3000 children, with long-term consequences on motility, predisposition to epileptic seizures, communication skills and learning ability. Pediatric stroke implies large costs in order to rehabilitate and reintegrate the child socially. This paper aims to analize the evolution of language at a distant point in time, after the occurrence of the injury, with cases from our clinical experience.  

Combination Chlorambucil/Firocoxib or Chlorambucil/Prednisolone Treatment for Inflammatory Colorectal Polyps in Miniature Dachshunds

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Murakami ◽  
Ayami Shibahashi ◽  
Ryota Iwasaki ◽  
Mifumi Kawabe ◽  
Mami Murakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Colorectal Polyps ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Prednisolone Treatment ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Causative Relationship

ABSTRACT Inflammatory colorectal polyps (ICRP), which are more commonly recognized in miniature dachshunds, are thought to represent an immune-mediated disease. This retrospective case series describes six miniature dachshunds with refractory ICRP, who were treated with chlorambucil (CLB) combined with firocoxib or prednisolone. Improvement in clinical manifestations was seen in five of the six dogs by the end of the study period; four were treated with CLB/firocoxib and one with CLB/prednisolone. One dog had nonregenerative anemia after 23 mo of treatment with CLB, but whether there was a causative relationship was unclear. No severe adverse events were observed during treatment in the remaining five dogs. CLB in combination with firocoxib or prednisolone appears to be an effective alternative treatment for ICRP in dogs. Further studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness and long-term complications of CLB treatment for ICRP in dogs.

scholarly journals Causes and Management of Urethral Strictures in Elderly: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 120-125
Author(s):  
Abdalah Emad Almhmd ◽  
Khaled Nasser Almujel ◽  
Meshal Ali Alruwaili ◽  
Ahmed Mohammed A. Kaseb ◽  
Yousef Ali Alaenzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urethral Stricture ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Financial Cost ◽  
Urethral Stricture Disease ◽  
Urethral Strictures ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Research Initiatives

Urethral stricture disease is a moderately frequent condition that comes at a high financial cost and can have long-term consequences. Understanding urethral stricture epidemiology is critical for identifying risk factors linked with illness genesis or development. This knowledge might lead to better therapies and preventive actions, which could lower disease severity, generate better health outcomes, and save costs. Based on existing published case series, we conducted a comprehensive assessment of urethral stricture disease, highlighted knowledge gaps, and recommended future research initiatives.

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