COVID-19 impact study: assessing the consequences of the pandemic on economic output in developing countries for targeted sectors

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Marc van den Berg ◽  
Giulia Debernardini ◽  
Aneese Lelijveld
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Social Accounting Matrix ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Industry Output ◽  
Average Impact ◽  
The Social ◽  
Trade Analysis ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents a model for how the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on economic output in developing countries can be assessed with a new approach. Existing models lack sectoral granularity in developing countries, which can, however, be obtained through input-output modelling by changing the social accounting matrix to simulate a COVID-19 economy. Results have been estimated for 65 sectors and 141 regions which correspond to the Global Trade Analysis Project’s data. The analyses showed that the average impact in Africa and Asia on industry output is −2.6 per cent and −2.9 per cent, respectively. It is estimated that tourism and services are the most heavily impacted sectors, between −15 per cent and −19 per cent for hospitality, recreation, and other service activities, and between −4 per cent and −7 per cent for transport services. The model is a first attempt at estimating impact at this level of granularity per country and sector, which by triangulation with empirical data can be used to make substantiated management or policy decisions.

The “Surge Phenomenon” of Macro Economy in Developing Countries from the Perspective of Tobacco Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 663-673
Author(s):  
Lulu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Tobacco Industry ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Social Costs ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: Starting from the tobacco economy, this paper studies the “surge phenomenon” of macro-economy in developing countries. Methods: This paper studies the impact of tobacco industry on Anhui economy by using the relevant theories of industrial economics, econometrics and regulatory economics, combined with the actual situation of tobacco industry. Based on the analysis of the overall development of tobacco industry, this paper empirically analyzes the relationship between tobacco industry and Anhui economic growth. This paper combs the relevant literature of the existing research results of this theory. Combined with the special fact that government investment accounts for a large proportion in China’s current economic construction, this paper redefines the hypothesis of the investor in the theory of principles. On this basis, the expected equilibrium results of enterprise investment decision-making under government led and market led modes are compared and analyzed by using incomplete information static game model. Results: When the output value of tobacco industry increases by 1%, it will drive the GDP to increase by 0.373%. Secondly, by comparing the economic benefits of tobacco with the social costs of tobacco, it is found that with the economic development, the social costs caused by tobacco increase year by year, but the economic benefits are slightly greater than the social costs. The difference between the two is also increasing year by year. Conclusion: In the context of tobacco control, we should fully consider the advantages and disadvantages of developing the tobacco industry. Under the excessive intervention of the government, the manifestation of the surge phenomenon is more intense, and the final consequence of overcapacity is more serious than that under the market-oriented mode..

scholarly journals Political Instability and Growth: Case of the Developing Countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Said JAOUADI ◽  
Lamia ARFAOUI ◽  
Azza ZIEDI
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Effective Governance ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The paper attempted to examine the causal relationship between political instability and growth. Currently, the world continues to record huge number of popular revolutions in the region MENA, to improve the social environment and to consolidate implementing an effective governance. Although, the uprising has harmed the financial and economic situation in these countries, and became a threat for the stability of the countries, in overall.The manuscript accounts for the impact of political instability on the growth of the developing countries, in the shadow of the widespread of the revolutions since 2011. The paper attempted to illuminate the reality of the relationship between political environment and growth through the estimation of panel, comprising 69 developing countries 1985-2012.In the current paper, the authors conducted an empirical investigation, in which we bore out the claims raised in many surveys and the conclusions drawn by several authors about the harmful impact of political instability on the fundamental bases of the economy, in countries recording political instability.

Towards a Universal Social Impact Metric for Engineered Products That Alleviate Poverty

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip D. Stevenson ◽  
Christopher A. Mattson ◽  
Kenneth M. Bryden ◽  
Nordica A. MacCarty
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Index ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

More than ever before, engineers are creating products for developing countries. One of the purposes of these products is to improve the consumer’s quality of life. Currently, there is no established method of measuring the social impact of these types of products. As a result, engineers have used their own metrics to assess their product’s impact, if at all. Some of the common metrics used include products sold and revenue, which measure the financial success of a product without recognizing the social successes or failures it might have. In this paper we introduce a potential metric, the Product Impact Metric (PIM), which quantifies the impact a product has on impoverished individuals — especially those living in developing countries. It measures social impact broadly in five dimensions: health, education, standard of living, employment quality, and security. The PIM is inspired by the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) created by the United Nations Development Programme. The MPI measures how the depth of poverty within a nation changes year after year, and the PIM measures how an individual’s quality of life changes after being affected by an engineered product. The Product Impact Metric can be used to predict social impacts (using personas that represent real individuals) or measure social impacts (using specific data from products introduced into the market).

scholarly journals Ekonomi Pembangunan Terhadap Pengangguran di Provinsi Jambi

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Afrizal Afrizal
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Street Children ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Unemployment in developing countries such as Indonesia, the economic development of this country as a growing number of unemployment is a problem that is more complicated and more serious than the problem of changes in income distribution are less profitable low-income residents Unemployment in Jambi Province has reached tens of thousands of people is an urgent problem that must be solved because of the impact of unemployment it would be very dangerous to the social order of life. It is a fact that various social evils such as theft / muggings/robberies, prostitution, Jula buy children, street children and others merupakandampakdaripengangguran.

scholarly journals The Impact of Productivity Increasing in Indonesian Maritim Sector: General Equilibrium Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Widyastutik Widyastutik
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Equilibrium Analysis ◽  
Productivity Improvement ◽  
Marine Transport ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Trade Analysis ◽  
Global Trade Analysis Project ◽  
The Impact

The increase in productivity in the maritime sector will realize the maritime sector as a prime mover. This study aims to analyze the impact of the maritime sector productivity improvement on the performance of the economy. This research simulates increased productivity in the maritime sector (consisting of the fisheries, oil, gas sub-sector and marine transport services sector) using the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) version 8. Simulation analysis showed an increase in productivity in the maritime sector has a positive impact on welfare, real GDP, and trade balance of Indonesia. However, the impact of the increase in productivity is not followed by an increase in output in all sectors. This indicates that if the increase in productivity occurs only in the maritime sector alone without being followed by an increase in productivity in other sectors, the sectoral performance is not optimal.DOI: 10.15408/sjie.v5i2.3403

The Impact of Adopting CSR on the Firm's Overall Performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 239-255
Author(s):  
Abdelmajid Ibenrissoul ◽  
Khawla Bouraqqadi ◽  
Souhaila Kammoun
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the chapter is to study what effect CSR has on firms' overall performance in a developing country context. While most of the previous empirical researches focused on the relationship between CSR and financial performance, the present study suggests exploring the impact of CSR on overall performance which encompasses economic, environmental, and social dimensions as well as stakeholders. The empirical study aims to analyze and measure the social and environmental involvement of large Moroccan firms operating in the main sectors of activity and located in different geographical areas. Using multiple linear regression analysis, the authors empirically test the impact of CSR on overall performance on a sample of 44 companies. The main findings reveal that CSR is a driver for improving image and reputation, enabling the firm to achieve overall corporate performance. On the basis of the main results, they set out some managerial implications and further directions for CSR research in developing countries.

scholarly journals The impact of asymmetry on equilibrium of logistics systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
pp. 06004
Author(s):  
Irina Savelieva ◽  
Serhij Melnikov ◽  
Alexandra Orlovska
Keyword(s):  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Asymmetry Of Information ◽  
Logistics Systems ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
The Impact

The article examines one of the actual problems of the theory and practice of the logistics systems functioning related to the asymmetry of information in the transport services market. Assessing the level of asymmetry in logistics systems is of fundamental importance to increase the competitiveness of relevant systems. New approach formulated herein estimates the logistics systems asymmetry by taking into account information asymmetry about the quality of transport products, as well as information asymmetry about the quality of products within the boundaries of the corresponding supply chain. This approach allows to take into account its potential capabilities and increase functional stability in the process of logistics systems design.

scholarly journals The impact of tariff reduction on poverty in Zimbabwe, A CGE top-down approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Chitiga ◽  
R Mabugu
Keyword(s):  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Policy Reform ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium Model ◽  
Tariff Reduction ◽  
Trade Liberalisation ◽  
Social Accounting Matrix ◽  
Micro Data ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
The Impact

This paper uses a relatively new approach to quantify the effects of trade liberalisation on poverty.  It relies on the combination of a standard, social accounting, matrix-based, computable general equilibrium model and household micro-data. These two tools are used sequentially in order to simulate the impact of trade policy reform.  This framework enables the decomposition of the effects of trade liberalisation, which in turn allows for an analysis of alternative social policy packages.  The methodology is applied to Zimbabwe for illustration.  The results show that poverty is reduced by tariff reduction, although the poor households get the least benefits.

scholarly journals How Does Internet Usage Influence On Social Capital, Connectedness, Success And Well-Being Of Grassroots Level Inventors In Sri Lanka?

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaminda Nalaka Wickramasinghe ◽  
Nobaya Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
The Social ◽  
Grassroots Level ◽  
The Impact

Internet has been recognized as the world largest knowledge depositary. Therefore, there is overwhelming expectation over the Internet to be influenced the social and technological development of marginalized communities of less developed countries. However there were no published studies that investigate the nature of the innovation systems and the impact of internet on the inventors in developing countries. Therefore, the existing knowledge of how the internet usage of influence on social capital, connectedness, success and subjective well-being of inventive community in developing countries is vague. Present study explores the influence of the internet usage on social capital, community connectedness, inventive achievements and subjective well-being of the grassroots level inventive community of Sri Lanka. Findings suggest that internet has been significantly influenced on the social capital, connectedness and subjective well-being of grassroots level inventors in Sri Lanka. However, internet usage is not significantly influence on the objective inventive achievements of the inventors.

scholarly journals Methodological Review of impact studies of airports: A qualitative and quantitative proposal for the Airport of Málaga-Costa del Sol

2021 ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Lidia Caballero Galeote ◽  
Josefa García Mestanza
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Accounting Matrix ◽  
Multidisciplinary Research ◽  
Methodological Review ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Impact Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Airports have become fundamental axes of the economy of many countries. In Spain, the airports managed by Aena1 ended 2019 with more than 274.4 million passengers, which was 4.4% more than the previous year. They are not only important for tourism but also for other sectors that depend on imports and exports. For years, the impact measurements have included the IO tables, but we are now questioning whether they constitute the best measurement model. The research reveals that the main problem is the application of different methodologies used by airports and countries. For this reason, we propose a model to measure the economic impact of the Malaga-Costa del Sol Airport that incorporates the importance of the tourism. This study is conceived as a guide for studying the impacts of any airport around the world. The review reveals that the social accounting matrix with changes in the variables involved is the best available measurement model. The conclusions reflect that the qualitative point of view is necessary. This can provide data that, together with previous studies, will result in multidisciplinary research that will allow us to gain a much deeper understanding of these infrastructures. The conclusions have practical and theoretical implications for impact studies.

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