scholarly journals Body Shock: Unsettling the Biosciences through Postconventional Materialities

Somatechnics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 206-222
Author(s):  
Margrit Shildrick
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Social Imaginary ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Clinical Recovery ◽  
Singular Event ◽  
Simple Picture

The focus of this article is the problematic of data in the life sciences with regard to the supposedly singular event of heart transplantation. In mainstream discourse, organ transplantation is seen as a straightforward exchange of body parts in which fatally deteriorating biological elements are replaced by more competent and enduring components. Post-transplant a variety of biological, immunological, and pharmaceutical data are collected and evaluated, with the success of the operation gauged against the clinical recovery of the recipient as determined by those measures. That simple picture fails to attend, however, to issues such as the historico-cultural context of the biomedical procedure, temporality, the phenomenological sense of self, the psycho-social imaginary, and even disregarded biological dimensions such as cellular microchimerism, all of which can deeply unsettle biomedical certainty. Drawing on my own participation in collaborative research, I rethink what counts as data and demonstrate the need to interweave multiple forms of knowledge in a data assemblage that mobilises new insights into the significance of transplantation and concorporeality.

scholarly journals Life Sciences Data and Application Integration with B-Fabric

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Can Türker ◽  
Fuat Akal ◽  
Ralph Schlapbach
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Application Integration

Summary In this demo paper, we sketch B-Fabric, an all-in-one solution for management of life sciences data. B-Fabric has two major purposes. First, it is a system for the integrated management of experimental data and scientific annotations. Second, it is a system infrastructure supporting on-the fly coupling of user applications, and thus serving as extensible platform for fast-paced, cutting-edge, collaborative research.

scholarly journals Grasping Embodiment: Haptic Feedback for Artificial Limbs

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles H. Moore ◽  
Sierra F. Corbin ◽  
Riley Mayr ◽  
Kevin Shockley ◽  
Paula L. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Haptic Feedback ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
The Body ◽  
Artificial Limbs ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Vibrotactile Feedback ◽  
Feedback Type ◽  
Upper Limb Prostheses

Upper-limb prostheses are subject to high rates of abandonment. Prosthesis abandonment is related to a reduced sense of embodiment, the sense of self-location, agency, and ownership that humans feel in relation to their bodies and body parts. If a prosthesis does not evoke a sense of embodiment, users are less likely to view them as useful and integrated with their bodies. Currently, visual feedback is the only option for most prosthesis users to account for their augmented activities. However, for activities of daily living, such as grasping actions, haptic feedback is critically important and may improve sense of embodiment. Therefore, we are investigating how converting natural haptic feedback from the prosthetic fingertips into vibrotactile feedback administered to another location on the body may allow participants to experience haptic feedback and if and how this experience affects embodiment. While we found no differences between our experimental manipulations of feedback type, we found evidence that embodiment was not negatively impacted when switching from natural feedback to proximal vibrotactile feedback. Proximal vibrotactile feedback should be further studied and considered when designing prostheses.

scholarly journals Real and Fictional Home: Constructing James Joyce’s Identity in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Leila Baradaran Jamili ◽  
Razie Arshadi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Individual Identity ◽  
City Life ◽  
Cultural Contradictions ◽  
Real Self

The present paper sheds new light on the prominent role of man’s home whether real or fictional on the construction of his identity in James Joyce’s (1882-1941) A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916). One of the most pressing issues and cultural contradictions of modern world is the fate of individual identity in city life. A person is defined based on his cultural identity; and when the loss of that identity is imagined, one is confronted with the thought that he will lose his sense of self and cease to be what he is. The identity involves a repression that leads to a construction of stability and security that might not exist in reality. Peter J. Burke and Jane E. Stets declare that identity means ‘who you are’. Thus, to investigate one’s identity one has to find a way to the cultural context that the person is brought up in it. Michael Ryan (1946- ) asserts that culture is a set of unstated rules by which men live. It allows men to live together in communities by giving them shared signs and signals. Semiology, according to Roland Barthes (1915-1980), is the scientific way of deciphering the cultural signs and codes that pave the way to look into a distinct culture. Thus, it is impossible to know Joyce’s characters, in particular Stephen Dedalus, without enough knowledge of Dublin as Joyce’s home. Stephen metaphorically maps his home through which he can wander to shape and reshape his real self.  

scholarly journals “Let Me Do What I Please With It . . . Don’t Decide My Identity For Me”: LGBTQ+ Youth Experiences of Social Media in Narrative Identity Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Bates ◽  
Trish Hobman ◽  
Beth T. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Identity Development ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Narrative Identity ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Lgbtq Youth ◽  
Youth Identity ◽  
Multiple Context ◽  
Age Range

Social media provides Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Queer Plus (LGBTQ+) youth with daily access to a broader sociocultural dialogue that may shape narrative identity development. Through in-depth narrative interviews, this study sought to understand the lived experiences of 11 LGBTQ+ undergraduates ( age range = 19-23) building narrative identities in the cultural context of social media and the role of social media within this process. Interviews were analyzed using an interpretative, individual analysis of personal stories. These experiences were then compared and contrasted through thematic analysis to identify four shared narrative themes. Narratives of merging safe spaces highlight how LGBTQ+ youth now have regular access to safe environments online/offline which facilitate more secure identity development. Narratives of external identity alignment describe social media as a tool for LGBTQ+ youth to seek out identities that match their preexisting sense of self. Narratives of multiple context-based identities encapsulate how adolescents’ identity markers are multiple and invoked in a context-dependent manner. Finally, narratives of individuality and autonomy characterize how LGBTQ+ youth perceive themselves as highly individualized members of a wider community. These findings highlight the complex role social media plays within LGBTQ+ youth identity development. The implications are discussed within.

scholarly journals Scope, Influence, and Interdisciplinary Collaboration: The Publication Portfolio of the NIH Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) Program From 2006 Through 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Llewellyn ◽  
Dorothy R. Carter ◽  
Deborah DiazGranados ◽  
Clara Pelfrey ◽  
Latrice Rollins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Translational Science ◽  
Content Areas ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Average Citation

The Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) program sponsors an array of innovative, collaborative research. This study uses complementary bibliometric approaches to assess the scope, influence, and interdisciplinary collaboration of publications supported by single CTSA hubs and those supported by multiple hubs. Authors identified articles acknowledging CTSA support and assessed the disciplinary scope of research areas represented in that publication portfolio, their citation influence, interdisciplinary overlap among research categories, and characteristics of publications supported by multihub collaborations. Since 2006, CTSA hubs supported 69,436 articles published in 4,927 journals and 189 research areas. The portfolio is well distributed across diverse research areas with above-average citation influence. Most supported publications involved clinical/health sciences, for example, neurology and pediatrics; life sciences, for example, neuroscience and immunology; or a combination of the two. Publications supported by multihub collaborations had distinct content emphasis, stronger citation influence, and greater interdisciplinary overlap. This study characterizes the CTSA consortium’s contributions to clinical and translational science, identifies content areas of strength, and provides evidence for the success of multihub collaborations. These methods lay the foundation for future investigation of the best policies and priorities for fostering translational science and allow hubs to understand their progress benchmarked against the larger consortium.

‘Normal’ and ‘failing’ mothers: Women’s constructions of maternal subjectivity while living with multiple sclerosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 516-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe Parton ◽  
Terri Katz ◽  
Jane M Ussher
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cultural Discourses ◽  
Biographical Disruption ◽  
Maternal Subjectivity ◽  
Subject Positions ◽  
The Impact

Multiple sclerosis causes physical and cognitive impairment that can impact women’s experiences of motherhood. This study examined how women construct their maternal subjectivities, or sense of self as a mother, drawing on a framework of biographical disruption. A total of 20 mothers with a multiple sclerosis diagnosis took part in semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were analysed using thematic decomposition to identify subject positions that women adopted in relation to cultural discourses of gender, motherhood and illness. Three main subject positions were identified: ‘The Failing Mother’, ‘Fear of Judgement and Burdening Others’ and ‘The Normal Mother’. Women’s sense of self as the ‘Failing Mother’ was attributed to the impact of multiple sclerosis, contributing to biographical disruption and reinforced through ‘Fear of Judgement and Burdening Others’ within social interactions. In accounts of the ‘Normal Mother’, maternal subjectivity was renegotiated by adopting strategies to manage the limitations of multiple sclerosis on mothering practice. This allowed women to self-position as ‘good’ mothers. Health professionals can assist women by acknowledging the embodied impact of multiple sclerosis on maternal subjectivities, coping strategies that women employ to address potential biographical disruption, and the cultural context of mothering, which contributes to women’s experience of subjectivity and well-being when living with multiple sclerosis.

scholarly journals Museum og kranium. Institusjonell bevaring av menneskets viktigste kroppsdel

1970 ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Ole Marius Hylland
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Collection Management ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Museum Objects ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
Scientific Value

The article discusses the dilemmas and challenges that arises when we include ourselves in our collections, in the sense of human skulls and heads. The human head is undoubtedly the most vital of body parts, and a body part that has a unique symbolic and cultural value. Included in a collection, a head can evoke a large number of potential meanings, varying with the institutional and cultural context of the collection. In an anatomical collection a head signifies primarily scientific value, whereas in an ethnographic museum a head signifies the exotic and distant. Skulls and heads, whether they are pure bone, tattooed, shrinked, decapitated, stuffed or pickled, are also museum objects that make good case studies for the continuous discussion on the ethics of human remains in collections. The article uses a number of examples of different ways heads have been included in collections to point at the challenges of collection management in such cases.

scholarly journals A revised framework for the investigation of expectation update versus maintenance in the context of expectation violations: the ViolEx 2.0 model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Panitz ◽  
Dominik Endres ◽  
Merle Buchholz ◽  
Zahra Khosrowtaj ◽  
Matthias F.J. Sperl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Advance Research ◽  
Interdisciplinary Exchange ◽  
Model Features ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Collaborative Efforts ◽  
Beliefs About The Future

Expectations are probabilistic beliefs about the future that shape and influence our perception, affect, cognition, and behaviour in many contexts. This makes expectations a highly relevant concept across basic and applied psychological disciplines. When expectations are confirmed or violated, individuals can respond by either updating or maintaining their prior expectations in light of the new evidence. Moreover, proactive and reactive behaviour can change the probability with which individuals encounter expectation confirmations or violations. The investigation of predictors and mechanisms underlying expectation update and maintenance has been approached from many research perspectives, however, in many instances with little exchange between different research fields. To further advance research on expectations and expectation violations, collaborative efforts across different disciplines in psychology, cognitive (neuro)science, and other life sciences are warranted. For fostering and facilitating such efforts, we introduce the ViolEx 2.0 model, a revised framework for interdisciplinary research on cognitive and behavioural mechanisms of expectation update and maintenance in the context of expectation violations. To support different goals and stages in interdisciplinary exchange, the ViolEx 2.0 model features three model levels with varying degrees of specificity in order to address questions about the research synopsis, central concepts, or functional processes and relationships, respectively. The framework can be applied to different research fields and has high potential for guiding collaborative research efforts in expectation research.

Open Targets: Pre-competitive Collaborative Research in Life Sciences

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 11674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laia Pujol Pujol Priego ◽  
Jonathan D. Wareham
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Life Sciences

scholarly journals Sensorimotor Representation Learning for an “Active Self” in Robots: A Model Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phuong D. H. Nguyen ◽  
Yasmin Kim Georgie ◽  
Ezgi Kayhan ◽  
Manfred Eppe ◽  
Verena Vanessa Hafner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Body Schema ◽  
Representation Learning ◽  
Peripersonal Space ◽  
Artificial Agents ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Computational Framework ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
And Robotics ◽  
Rigid Set

AbstractSafe human-robot interactions require robots to be able to learn how to behave appropriately in spaces populated by people and thus to cope with the challenges posed by our dynamic and unstructured environment, rather than being provided a rigid set of rules for operations. In humans, these capabilities are thought to be related to our ability to perceive our body in space, sensing the location of our limbs during movement, being aware of other objects and agents, and controlling our body parts to interact with them intentionally. Toward the next generation of robots with bio-inspired capacities, in this paper, we first review the developmental processes of underlying mechanisms of these abilities: The sensory representations of body schema, peripersonal space, and the active self in humans. Second, we provide a survey of robotics models of these sensory representations and robotics models of the self; and we compare these models with the human counterparts. Finally, we analyze what is missing from these robotics models and propose a theoretical computational framework, which aims to allow the emergence of the sense of self in artificial agents by developing sensory representations through self-exploration.

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