scholarly journals The application of mineral fertilizers in order to restore forest ecosystems contaminated with radionuclide 137Cs

2016 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
M. Vinichuk ◽  
Yu. Mandro ◽  
K. Rozen
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Single Application ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mountain Ash

The results of three years research on the effectiveness of impact of one-time application of wood ash both contaminated and non-contaminated with 137Cs, and their combined introduction of potassium fertilizers to reduce radionuclide transfer from soil to shoots and leaves of some species of trees and wild berry plants in forest ecosystems of Ukrainian Polissia. It has been demonstrated that the introduction of a single application of wood ash both contaminated with 137Cs and non-contaminated combined with potassium fertilizers (50 : 50 on a percentage of potassium) at the rate of 100 kg of potassium to 1 ha reduces the transition of radionuclides from soil to studied plants on average for three years to 35 and 20% respectively. For some types of wild berry plants (young shoots and leaves of blueberries and cranberries) and trees (young shoots and leaves of mountain ash and oak) coefficients of 137Cs transfer during the third (2014) year after applying meliorants decreased by 40–70% compared with plants control split.

scholarly journals BIOMASS ASH UTILIZATION OPPORTUNITIES IN AGRICULTURE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oskars Karps ◽  
Aivars Aboltins ◽  
Janis Palabinskis
Keyword(s):  
Wood Ash ◽  
Granule Size ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Liquid Manure ◽  
Cattle Slurry ◽  
Biomass Ash ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Valuable Source ◽  
The World ◽  
Mixing Problem

In Latvia and in the world there are problems with utilization of wood ash from large fireboxes because it is a technologically complicated, time consuming and costly process. The methods used to dispose of the ash when it is deposited in waste landfills are unsustainable. Pollution-increasing solution is needed since pure wood ash is a valuable source of plant nutrients. Ash contains the macro and microelements needed for plants and can replace some of the precious mineral fertilizers in agriculture, especially in organic. Ash use in agriculture is little explored and implemented, the use of the technology is not resolved (ash collection and screening, fractionation, drilling, evaluation, etc.). The LUA studies of ash and slurry mixing problem to prepare ash with mechanized spreaders. Cattle slurry is used as a binder that helps create solid ash fractions that are subject to dispersion with centrifugal fertilizer dispersers with a sufficiently good spreading quality. The research examines the conditions for the creation of different size fractions and their dissolution. The experimental results showed that the best used ratio of the mixtures was 1000 ml of ash and 200 ml of liquid manure or 1000 ml of ash and 300 ml of liquid manure. In this ratio, the produced granule size was very close to the size of mineral fertilizers.

CONTROL OF THE EUROPEAN WIREWORM AGRIOTES OBSCURUS (L.) IN NOVA SCOTIA WITH INSECTICIDES APPLIED TO THE SOIL

1959 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. S. Fox ◽  
G. G. Smeltzer
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Agriotes Obscurus ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
The Third ◽  
Untreated Check

The wireworm Agriotes obscurus (L.) was con trolled at Lunenburg, Nova Scotia, with insecticides incorporated into the soil. Aldrin or heptachlor at 4 lb. per acre, and lindane at 1.25 lb., each significantly reduced the number of larvae per square foot and increased the yield of dry matter of forage for 3 years after application. A single application of aldrin or heptachlor at 3 lb. per acre resulted in increased yields of oats during the second season after application, and of leguminous forage plants during the third, but potatoes grown immediately after the application were not significantly less injured by wireworms than those grown on untreated check plots.

Mountain Ash

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lindenmayer ◽  
David Blair ◽  
Lachlan McBurney ◽  
Sam Banks
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
High Severity ◽  
Fire Environment ◽  
Arboreal Marsupials ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Very High

Mountain Ash draws together exciting new findings on the effects of fire and on post-fire ecological dynamics following the 2009 wildfires in the Mountain Ash forests of the Central Highlands of Victoria. The book integrates data on forests, carbon, fire dynamics and other factors, building on 6 years of high-quality, multi-faceted research coupled with 25 years of pre-fire insights. Topics include: the unexpected effects of fires of varying severity on populations of large old trees and their implications for the dynamics of forest ecosystems; relationships between forest structure, condition and age and their impacts on fire severity; relationships between logging and fire severity; the unexpectedly low level of carbon stock losses from burned forests, including those burned at very high severity; impacts of fire at the site and landscape levels on arboreal marsupials; persistence of small mammals and birds on burned sites, including areas subject to high-severity fire, and its implications for understanding how species in this group exhibit post-fire recovery patterns. With spectacular images of the post-fire environment, Mountain Ash will be an important reference for scientists and students with interests in biodiversity, forests and fire.

Wood ash applications to temperate forest ecosystems—potential benefits and drawbacks

2008 ◽  
Vol 306 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 181-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Augusto ◽  
M. R. Bakker ◽  
C. Meredieu
Keyword(s):  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Potential Benefits

scholarly journals Influence of the sowing time and mineral fertilizers on the productivity of annual grass mixtures

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 735-744
Author(s):  
A. A. Artemyev ◽  
A. M. Guryanov ◽  
M. P. Kapitanov ◽  
A. A. Pronin
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
White Mustard ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
The Third ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Oilseed Radish ◽  
First Time

The productivity of annual feed grass mixtures (vetch + oats, Sudan grass + white mustard, Sudan grass + oilseed radish), sown after the winter rye harvesting during the “shooting” phase (the 1st time of sowing), during the “heading” phase (the 2nd time of sowing), and during the phase of complete ripeness (the 3d time of sowing), was studied in the conditions of forest-steppe soils of the Volga Region (the Republic of Mordovia). The experiment was carried out in 2018-2020 on heavy loamy soils against the background of three doses of mineral fertilizers use (without fertilizers, N16P16K16 + N30, N16P16K16 + N60). It has been established that the duration of vegetation of feed mixtures according to the time of sowing when harvesting for green mass was: at the first the time of sowing - 63-85 days, at the second - 63-76 days, at the third - 56-62 days. The highest height of the plant was at the first time of sowing with the use of fertilizers at a dose of N16P16K16 + N60, the lowest - at the third time of sowing. The highest growth was achieved by Sudan grass (48-116 cm), the lowest - by the mixture of vetch and oats (18-67 cm). The highest yield of green mass (14.0 t/ha) was observed when cultivating Sudan grass mixed with oilseed radish on the background of N16P16K16 + N60 at the first time of sowing. For mixture of Sudan grass with white mustard, the yield was 2-7 % lower, and for vetch + oats mixture - 32-45 % lower. The same was observed according to the yield of dry matter and feed units. As to the protein content, mixtures of Sudan grass with cruciferous crops exceeded the vetch + oats mixture by 7-26 %. The fiber content in the grass mixtures was decreasing from the first time of sowing to the last. The greatest amount of fiber (28.11-28.72 %) was observed during the second time of sowing. The economic assessment showed that the cultivation of annual grass mixtures after winter rye without mineral fertilizers was the most cost-effective (29-208 %). The highest efficiency (202-208 %) was provided by the mixture of Sudan grass with oilseed radish and white mustard.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (Avg), Plastic Wrapping Dan Suhu Simpan Terhadap Masa Simpan Dan Mutu Buah Jambu Biji (Psidium Guajava L.) ‘Mutiara’

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soesiladi E. Widodo ◽  
Kuswanta F. Hidayat ◽  
Zulferiyenni Zulferiyenni ◽  
Sherly I. Annisa
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Single Application ◽  
The Third ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Storage Temperatures

The research was aimmed at studying the effects of (1) single application AVGs,plastic wrappings, and storage temperatures, (2) interactions among AVGs andplastic wrappings, AVGs and storage temperatures, and plastic wrappings andstorage temperatures, and (3) interactions among AVGs, plastic wrappings, andstorage temperatures in extending fruit self-life and maintain qualities of‘Mutiara’guava fruits. The research was arranged in a completely randomized designin 2 x 2 x 2 factorial with three replications. The first factor was AVGs (with 1,25ppm and without AVG), the second factor was plastic wrappings (without and withone layer of plastic wrapping), and the third factor was storage temperature (a coldtemperature of 21, 53 ºC and a room temprature of 26,57 ºC). The result showed that(1) the application of AVG 1,25 ppm did not significantly affect fruit self-life, fruitfirmness, fruit weight loss, ºBrix, acid contens, and sweetness of ‘Mutiara’guava’fruits, (2) storage at cold temprature of 21, 53 ºC did not significantly affect fruit self-life, fruit firmness, fruit weight loss, ºBrix, acid contens, and sweetness of‘Mutiara’guava’ fruits, (3) the application of plastic wrapping was able to extend fruitself-life by 17 days longer than without plastic wrapping and supressed fruit weightloss of ‘Mutiara’guava, but accelerated softening and not able to maintain ºBrix, andalso did not significantly affect acid contens, and sweetness of ‘Mutiara’guava fruits,(4) there were no interaction effects among AVGs with plastic wrappings, AVGs withcold tempratures, and plastic wrappings with cold tempratures on self-life, fruitfirmness, fruit weight loss, ºBrix, acid contens, and sweetness of ‘Mutiara’guavafruits, and (5) there were no interaction effects among AVGs, plastic wrappings, andcold temperatures on fruit self-life, fruit firmness, fruit weight loss, ºBrix, acidcontens, and sweetness of ‘Mutiara’ guava fruits.

scholarly journals Development of air pollutant deposition, soil water chemistry and soil on Šerlich research plots, and water chemistry in a surface water source

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 263-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Lochman ◽  
V. Mareš ◽  
V. Fadrhonsová
Keyword(s):  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Western Slope ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
Beech Stand

&nbsp; In 1986 (1987) research plots were established in a forest stands on the south-western slope of &Scaron;erlich Mt., Orlick&eacute; hory Mts. (Kristina Colloredo-Mansfeld &ndash; Forest Administration Opočno), at the altitude of 950 to 970 m, to study deposition, chemistry of precipitation and soil water and development of soil chemistry. The plots were established on a clear-cut area, in a young stand and a mature stand of spruce, in a mature beech stand, and in an advanced growth of spruce and European mountain ash. The content of solutes in creek water was studied at the same time. Since 1993 the concentration of substances in precipitation water intercepted in the summit part of &Scaron;erlich Mt. has been measured. Research on water chemistry in the stands terminated in 1997. Soil analyses were done in 1986 (1987), 1993 and 1999. The load of acid air pollutants in these forest ecosystems was high in the eighties. After 1991 the deposition of H<sup>+</sup>, S/SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2&ndash;</sup>, N/NO<sub>3</sub><sup>&ndash; </sup>+ NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, Mn, Zn, Al decreased. Similarly, an increase in pH was observed in soil water, and the concentrations of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2&ndash;</sup>, and N, Al compounds decreased. But in 1993 the concentrations of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2&ndash;</sup> and Al increased again under the spruce stand for several months. The concentrations of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>&ndash;</sup>, Mn, Zn and Al in the stream water also gradually decreased in the nineties. On the contrary, the average values of S-ions increased compared to those of 1987 to 1991. Strongly acid soil reaction developed in deeper layers until 1993. In the second half of the nineties the pH/H<sub>2</sub>O value somewhat increased again, however the reserve of K, Mg, Ca available cations in the mineral soil constantly decreased. The saturation of sorption complex by basic cations in the lower layer of rhizosphere did not reach even 10% in 1999. The forest ecosystems of &Scaron;erlich Mt. were also loaded by a high fall-out of Pb, and increased fall-out of Cu. The lack of balance of N-compound transformations and consumption in the soil and increased leaching of N in the form of nitrates contribute to soil acidification on the investigated plots.

scholarly journals  Toward the rational use of forest biomass: Lithuanian case study

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 465-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Varnagirytė-Kabašinskienė
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
Forest Fuel ◽  
The Republic

&nbsp;This paper contains the information about some principles of sustainable forestry which are still relevant in the world. In 2002, Lithuania started research on the nutrient balance in forest ecosystems when the forest fuel is harvested. The consequences of the intensive forest fuel harvesting on the forest ecosystem were analysed. At the same time, the experiment on the compensatory wood ash fertilizing was established in Lithuania. After the initial calculations, having the experimental data, the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Lithuania has initiated the preparation of the Recommendations for compensating wood ash fertilization in the forests. This review briefly systematizes and analyses the main results of the related research and some ideas for the future studies are also presented. &nbsp; &nbsp;

PICLORAM RESIDUE LEVELS FOR THE CONTROL OF LEAFY SPURGE REGROWTH

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-664
Author(s):  
R. GROVER ◽  
G. G. BOWES
Keyword(s):  
Critical Level ◽  
Leafy Spurge ◽  
Single Application ◽  
The Third ◽  
Residue Levels

The persistence of picloram was measured in the soil following a single application of 2.24 kg/ha and four consecutive annual applications of 0.56 kg/ha for the control of leafy spurge. The concentration of picloram in the surface 7.5 cm of soil decreased from 820 ppb immediately following the application of 2.24 kg/ha to range between 17 and 52 ppb in the third year after treatment. Picloram residues ranged between 45 and 165 ppb during each of the 4-yr periods of annual applications of 0.56 kg/ha. The critical level of picloram that must remain in the soil to prevent leafy spurge re-establishment from seed is about 50 ppb.

scholarly journals Technologies and methods of restoration of degraded forage lands of the Central Caucasus

2020 ◽  
Vol 203 (12) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Irina Soldatova ◽  
Sergey Dzhibilov ◽  
Eduard Soldatov ◽  
Lyudmila Guluyeva
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The article presents the results of R&D and new units for the restoration of degraded mountain areas. The purpose of the study is the accelerated restoration of the natural phytocenosis and the implementation of measures to improve meadows using these aggregates. The object of the study is the technologies and units developed by the authors for the following operations: cutting bumps, raking stones, sowing grass mixtures with the simultaneous application of mineral fertilizers. The research objectives included: determining the initial floristic composition of a degraded mountain meadow; assessment of the impact of events and agricultural practices on the change in the floristic composition of the grass stand, its productivity and energy intensity; identification of the effectiveness of the application of the developed units when sowing herbs in turf and targeted application of mineral fertilizers. The novelty of the technical solution lies in the fact that new resource-saving methods have been developed to improve mountain fodder land using small-sized universal units. . The tests were carried out at a mountain hospital located on the southeastern exposition of the Dargavskiy depression of the North Ossetia-Alania, at an altitude of 1650 m above sea level with a slope of 10°, in six plots, with a recorded area of 360 m2. Three options in triplicate. The first option is natural seeding, and the second is grass seeding by the aggregate, the third option is grass seeding and low doses of N60P45K20 fertilizers. The plots are located across the slope randomized. It was found that at a concentration of 17.2 MJ of energy in 1 kg of dry matter of feed, the total collection in the control plot was 29.7 GJ, and in the seeded experimental field – 85.3 GJ; the crop of the aboveground fodder mass, when sowing grasses, in the first year of observations amounted to 21.8 c/ha of dry weight, which is 3 times higher than in the control. During the growing season of the third year of observations, the yield in the sown area was 39.2 c/ha of dry weight against 19.3 c/ha in the control.

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