scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Cellulase Enzyme Isolated from Gut Microbiota of Coptotermes ceylonicus (Termite)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucky R ◽  
Mubeen Sultana D ◽  
Asgari S.M ◽  
Felcy Anne Jeno
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Standard Protocol ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Cellulase Enzyme

Gut microbiota of termites belonging to the species Coptotermes ceylonicus is known to contain plethora of enzymes of which cellulase is the most important among them. Cellulase was successfully extracted and isolated from the gut of these termites by using standard protocol. Cellulytic index was calculated and found to be 3.25. The extracted crude enzyme was partially purified by Dinitro Salicyclic Acid (DNS) method. Extracted cellulase enzyme was screened for antibacterial activity against two bacterial species, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) using well diffusion method. Partially purified cellulase enzyme showed effective antibacterial activity against E. coli (16 mm of zone of inhibition), however, there was no such effect observed in the B. subtilis. In this study we successfully isolated cellulase enzyme from the gut of Coptotermes ceylonicus and confirm its bactericidal effect against E. coli. Further studies are required to test the bactericidal effect of cellulase against different bacterial species.

scholarly journals Therapeutic potentials of Excoecaria agallocha against gram-positive and gram-negative fish bacterial pathogens

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Laith A. Abdul Razak ◽  
Nadirah Musa ◽  
Aya Jabar ◽  
Najiah Musa
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Mangrove Plant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Excoecaria Agallocha

Background: The present investigation of a mangrove plant, Excoecaria agallocha, which is a popular medicinal substitute for the treatment of microbial ailments, were evaluated for potential antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli and Streptococcus agalactiae in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Methods: Antibacterial activity was performed using agar diffusion method, disc diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and antibiotic susceptibility assays. Experimental fish fed diet containing 0 (control), 5, 25, and 50 mg kg-1 E. agallocha leaf methanol extract for 28 days then challenged individually with E. coli or S. agalactiae and mortalities were recorded over a ten-day post-infection period.  Results: Results indicated that both bacterial species are sensitive to tetracycline, ampicillin, and amoxicillin. E. coli was found to be resistant to neomycin. E. agallocha extract concentration of 50 mg/ml produced a zone of inhibition of 18 mm against E. coli, in contrast to 13 mm against S. agalactiae.  E. agallocha showed bactericidal activity against E. coli and bacteriostatic activity against S. agalactiae. The highest E. agallocha LC50 activity was 83 mg/ml. The highest cumulative mortality was 90.0 ± 10.0% in control as compared to 26.7 ± 11.5% in the group fed with 50 mg kg-1 E. agallocha extract, significant differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Hence, E. agallocha showed antibacterial activity against fish pathogens Escherichia coli and Streptococcus agalactiae in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus; therefore, E. agallocha may be used as an alternative therapeutic agent against fish pathogenic bacteria as an additive to feed at a concentration depend, safe, non-cytotoxic doses.

A Study on Antibacterial sensitivity character to Piper betle: A Potential for alternative medicine

2021 ◽  
pp. 4920-4924
Author(s):  
Shalsh F J ◽  
Altaif K I ◽  
Zharif DM ◽  
Hailat IA ◽  
Alqaisi KM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Freeze Dried

In this study we examined P. betle antibacterial property on two bacterial species namely: Streptococcus agalactiae and Escherichia coli. The extract of P. betle was prepared by mixing 2 gm of P. betle powder with 20 ml of 70% ethanol. Then, the solvent was evaporated by using vacuum evaporator and the residue was freeze dried and stored at -20 ºC. The P. betle extract divided into three different concentrations that are 50 mg/ml, 75 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml. The results revealed that the leaves of Piper betle have many benefits including antibacterial activity. The three concentrations showed an effective zone of inhibition against S. agalactiae and E. coli using Kirby-Baeur method. In addition, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) confirms the effectiveness of P. betle. This study findings indicated that P. betle extract can be a new source of antibacterial agent and an alternative antibacterial for control of S. agalactiae and to certain extant against E. coli infections.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF A CYANOBACTERIUM SCYTONEMA SCHMIDTII GOM

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-79
Author(s):  
Janardhan Namdeo Nehul
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Air Blower

Scytonema schmidtii,a cyanobacterium was isolated from the collected soil samples from different locations of Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra state (India). Identification was carried out using morphological variation and taxonomical approaches according to Desikachary (1959) and Prescott (1962) .The axenic culture of Scytonema schmidtii was obtained by using the method recommended by Bolch and Blackburn (1996). The isolated Scytonema schmidtii was grown autotropically in BG-11 medium as described by Rippka et al.,(1979) and incubated at 30±2°c.After 25 days, biomass was harvested by filtration through double layered muslin cloth and dried using air blower. The biomass of this Scytonema schmidtii species was used for the assessment of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus flavus and Proteus mirabilis. The antibacterial activity was studied by disc diffusion method (Anonymous,1996).Methanol extract of Scytonema schmidtii showed the activity against all the tested bacterial strains.Maximum zone of inhibition (23±1.9 mm) was recorded with methanol extract of Scytonema schmidtii.

scholarly journals Synthesis of a New Conjugates of Imidazole wih Beta Lactam Moiety and Evaluation of its Expanded Antibacterial Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 2495-2501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarmd D. Noori ◽  
Mazin N. Mousa ◽  
Shaker A. N. Al-Jadaan
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ft Ir

Five compounds containing (2,4,5-triphenyl triphenyl-1H-) and azetidinone (beta-lactam) moiety were synthesized. The physical data and yield of synthesized compounds were recorded, the chemical structure of prepared compounds were characterized using FT-IR, 1H-NMR and elemental analysis. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using disc diffusion method that involve tow Gram positive (staph. aureus, E. Faecalis), two Gram negative (E. coli and ‎K. pneumoniae), and one anaerobic bacteria (streptococcus. Pyogen). Different concentration of the prepared compounds has been used, and the obtained result were compared with standard (ceftazidime). Compound (5c) showed the best antibacterial activity against all bacterial species while 5a and 5e does not. Other compounds showed activity against some species.

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN TEMBELEKAN (Lantana camara Linn) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli

Biocelebes ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Gaby Maulida Nurdin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
One Way Anova

This study aimed to determine the effect of concentration ethanol extract from tembelakan leaf (Lantana camara Linn)  on bacteria growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Extraction was done by maceration using ethanol 96% and then separated using rotary evaporator. Antibacterial activity test of the ethanol extract by Well agar diffusion method. Variation in crude extract saponin used in this study was 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and positive controls were used for comparison with Amoxicilin and Chloramphenicole concentration of 25 µg/mL and DMSO as a negative control. The results of antibacterial activity test is indicated by the formation of growth inhibitory region S. aureus and E. coli. The result of growth inhibitory regions was analyzed by One way ANOVA. One way ANOVA test results indicate that there are effects of ethanol extract concentration of tembelekan leaf (L. camara Linn) against S. aureus and E. coli. Effective concentration of ethanol extract tembelekan leaf (L. camara Linn) when compared with positive control to inhibit the growth of S. aureus and E. coli is at 25% with a relatively strong antibacterial activity. Test with phytochemicals screening method which is showed that tembelekan leaf contains the flavanoid, saponins, and tannins compounds as antibacterial

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of 5-(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-tetrazole and Its Oxime Derivative against ATCC Reference Strains and Strains Isolated from the Hospital Environment of a Provincial Public Hospital in the City of Fez

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Sara Hajib ◽  
Mohamed Hssaini ◽  
Anouar Alami ◽  
Hicham Bekkari ◽  
Najoua Benchemsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tetrazole Derivatives ◽  
Reference Strains

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics and disinfectants has become a real concern. The hospital presents a favorable environment for the colonization and development of bacteria resistant to antibiotics and disinfectants. The search for new antimicrobial compounds is essential to combat this phenomenon. Tetrazole derivatives may represent a solution due to their interesting antibacterial activity. In this work, two tetrazole derivatives; thiophene-2-carbaldehyde (T2C) and 5-(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-tetrazole (5TPh-1HT), were evaluated for their antibacterial activities against a set of reference strains and strains isolated from the hospital environment. The antibacterial effect was studied by the disc diffusion method and by determination of MIC and MBC. The 5-(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-tetrazole (5TPh-1HT) has a broader spectrum of activity than its oxime derivative (T2C). The latter has bactericidal activity only on gram-negative Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa with MICs ranging from 0.62 mg/ml to 2.5 mg/ml, while 5TPh-1HT has a bactericidal effect on all strains with MICs ranging from 0.62 mg/ml to 1.25 mg/ml. Both products have a significant inhibitory activity on the strains tested in particular E. coli H, S. aureus H, P. aeruginosa and Streptococcus spp A. It was found that these activities vary depending on the microbial strain tested and the product applied.

scholarly journals Study of Antibacterial Activity of Chenopodium album Leaves Extract

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaur M. ◽  
Sharma S. ◽  
Garg S. ◽  
Arora M.
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Test Organisms

This study describes the antibacterial activities of three different solvent extracts of leaves of Chenopodium album. Methanol, acetone and chloroform extracts of C. album were prepared. The antibacterial activity was assessed using well plate method and were examined for the size of zone of inhibition. Different extracts were investigated against the test organisms namely Lactobacillus, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. The maximum activity was observed at 100% concentration of different extracts of leaves. The maximum zone of inhibition for 100% concentration were observed as E. coli (19 mm) and Lactobacillus (19 mm) in diameter respectively. C. album did not show any antibacterial activity against B. subtilis. Antibacterial activity was compared with standard Amoxicillin and it was found to be 23 mm diameter for Lactobacillus and 25 mm for both E. coli and B. subtilis in terms of zone of inhibition.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Liverworts of Dumortiera hirsute (Sw.) Nees Ethyl Acetate Extract Against Pathogenic Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Luthfiah Luthfiah ◽  
Dwi Setyati ◽  
Sattya Arimurti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

Dumortiera hirsuta is one of the liverworts that can be used as a medicinal to prevent infection by pathogenic bacteria. The content of secondary metabolites of D. hirsuta has potential as antibacterial properties includes flavonoids, alkaloids and steroids. This research is to analyze the antibacterial activity of moss D. hirsuta against pathogenic bacteria that will be beneficial to humans. Liverworts of D. hirsuta were extracted using ethyl acetate solvent and tested against three types of pathogenic bacteria using the agar well-diffusion method. The results of this study indicated that the ethyl acetate extract of D. hirsuta at 100% concentration could inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhi bacteria. The range of antibacterial activity categories of the ethyl acetate extract of D. hirsuta to E. coli, S. aureus, and S. typhi between weak to moderate.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ROBUSTA COFFEE (COFFEA CANEPHORA L.) LEAVES TO STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AND ESCHERICHIA COLI

2019 ◽  
pp. 113-115
Author(s):  
ZAMHARIRA MUSLIM ◽  
YONANIKO DEPHINTO
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Robusta Coffee

Objective: This research aims to analyze the ability of robusta coffee leaves fraction extract to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and also determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Methods: Antibacterial activity evaluated by the disc diffusion method observed in four types of fraction of extract robusta coffee leaves (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and water). Each extract divided into three various concentrations, 5%, 10%, and 15%. Determination of antimicrobial activity in vitro by the disk diffusion method. Results: Ethyl acetate fraction of coffee leaves extract produced the largest diameter zone of inhibition of bacterial growth compared to other extraction fractions of 17.28 mm in E. coli and 18.58 mm in S. aureus. The MIC of coffee leaves extract fraction water, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane on E. coli and S. aureus is 5%, while the fraction ethanol MIC is 10%. Conclusion: The antibacterial effect of ethyl acetate fraction of coffee leaves extract showed an antibacterial effect that was better than the fraction of n-hexane, ethanol, and water.

Bakteri Simbion Karang Porites dari Perairan Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta dan Aktivitas Antibakteri terhadap Bakteri Patogen Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Rivan Novianto Madilana ◽  
Diah Permata Wijayanti ◽  
Agus Sabdono
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Coral Tissue ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Porites Coral

Porites merupakan genus karang yang memiliki persebaran luas di Indonesia, termasuk perairan Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bakteri simbion karang Porites memiliki potensi antibakteri dalam menanggulangi bakteri patogen. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk mengetahui jenis bakteri simbion karang Porites dari Perairan Gunungkidul Yogyakarta yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri patogen S. aureus dan E. coli. Bakteri simbion diisolasi dari fragmen jaringan karang dengan pengenceran bertingkat, kemudian uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode overlay dan difusi paperdisk. Delapan dari 64 isolat aktif menghambat kedua bakteri patogen Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Dua diantaranya merupakan isolat unggul yang menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri paling baik. Kedua isolat selanjutnya diidentifikasi karakteristik molekular DNA dengan sekuen gen 16S rRNA. Hasil identifikasi 16S rRNA menunjukkan isolat GKP1.4.3 memiliki kesamaan 99% dengan Bacillus pumilus strain NBRC 12092, dan isolat GKP3.2.2 memiliki kesamaan 99% dengan Vibrio natriegens strain NBRC 15636.Porites is a coral which has distributed widely in Indonesia, including Gunungkidul Waters, Yogyakarta. Research has shown that Porites coral symbiont bacteria have antibacterial potency against pathogenic bacteria.This study aims to determine the type of Porites coral symbiont bacteria collected from the waters of Gunungkidul Yogyakarta which has antibacterial activity of S. aureus and E. coli. Bacteria symbionts were isolated from coral tissue fragments by serial dillution method, while antibacterial activity was performed by using overlay and paperdisk diffusion method. Eight of the 64 active isolates inhibited both pathogenic bacteria S. aureus and E. coli. Two of 8 isolates showed stronger antibacterial activity. The two isolates subsequently identified the molecular characteristics of DNA with the 16S rRNA gene sequence. The identification of 16S rRNA showed that GKP1.4.3 isolate had 99% similarity with Bacillus pumilus strain NBRC 12092, and GKP3.2.2 isolate had 99% similarity with Vibrio natriegens strain NBRC 15636.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document