scholarly journals PULSATION OF THE PRESSURE OF LIQUID IN WATER-CONDUCTING TRACKS OF THE SAYANO-SHUSHENSKAYA HPP

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Pavel Gromyko ◽  
Victor Seleznev
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vortex Beam ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Pressure Pulsations ◽  
Hydraulic Unit

The results of the analysis of oscillations of the structural elements of the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP, caused by the influence of fluid pressure pulsations in water conduits, are presented. The connection between changes in the level of these fluctuations and loads of operation of hydraulic units is set. The load ranges of hydraulic units, leading to the formation of a vortex beam under the impeller of the hydraulic unit in the suction chamber and to resonant effects in the body of the dam are shown.

scholarly journals About constructions for the protection of water supply channels from sediment load and driftwood

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Dilshod Raimovich Bazarov ◽  
Bekhzod Eshmirzaevich Norkulov ◽  
Irina Mikhailovna Markova ◽  
Mikhail Ermilov ◽  
Durdona Oblakulovna Tadjieva
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Sediment Load ◽  
Suspended Sediments ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Hydraulic Unit ◽  
Floating Structures ◽  
Supply Channel ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Functional Reliability

The article shows the results of the analytical review of the main floating structures used in the water supply channels. It is noted that there are two classes of floating constructions: active - affecting the flow regime and changing its structure in the selected direction (floating regulators, jetting devices for changing the flow structure); passive - eliminating the adverse effect of flow ingredients on the elements of the hydraulic unit of the pumping station, without changing its structure and parameters (debris deflector, aero curtain). The basic requirements for the design of floating devices are formulated: reduction of hydraulic losses (streamlining of pontoons and fenders) increase of stability, durability, maneuverability of conditions for installation on water ensuring the water tightness of hermetic compartments, the possibility of balancing and repair, increasing functional reliability and efficiency. A fundamentally new design of the structural elements of the water supply channel has been proposed to help reduce the flow of both bottom and suspended sediments to the mainstream of the water supply channel.    

Relationship between interstitial fluid volume and pressure (compliance) in hypothyroid rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (3) ◽  
pp. H1085-H1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helge Wiig ◽  
Tjøstolv Lund
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
The Body ◽  
Interstitial Fluid Volume

There is clinical and experimental evidence that lack of thyroid hormones may affect the composition and structure of the interstitium. This can influence the relationship between volume and pressure during changes in hydration. Hypothyrosis was induced in rats by thyroidectomy 8 wk before the experiments. Overhydration was induced by infusion of acetated Ringer, 5, 10, and 20% of the body weight, while fluid was withdrawn by peritoneal dialysis with hypertonic glucose. Interstitial fluid pressure (Pi) in euvolemia (euvolemic control situation) and experimental situation was measured with micropipettes connected to a servocontrolled counterpressure system. The corresponding interstitial fluid volume (Vi) was found as the difference between extracellular fluid volume measured as the distribution volume of 51Cr-labeled EDTA and plasma volume measured using125I-labeled human serum albumin. In euvolemia, Vi was similar or lower in the skin and higher in skeletal muscle of hypothyroid than in euthyroid control rats, whereas the corresponding Pi was higher in all tissues. During overhydration, Pi rose to the same absolute level in both types of rats, whereas during peritoneal dialysis there was a linear relationship between volume and pressure in all tissues and types of rats. Interstitial compliance (Ci), calculated as the inverse value of the slope of the curve relating changes in volume and pressure in dehydration, did not differ significantly in the hindlimb skin of hypothyroid and euthyroid rats. However, in skeletal muscle, Ci was 1.3 and 2.0 ml · 100 g−1 · mmHg−1 in hypothyroid and euthyroid rats ( P < 0.01), with corresponding numbers for the back skin of 2.7 and 5.0 ml · 100 g−1 · mmHg−1 ( P < 0.01). These experiments suggest that lack of thyroid hormones in rats changes the interstitial matrix, again leading to reduced Ci and reduced ability to mobilize fluid from the interstitium.

Influence of Elevated Temperature on the Acoustic Emission Evaluation of FRP Vessels Through Internal Fluid Pressure Tests

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Ramirez ◽  
Paul H. Ziehl ◽  
Timothy J. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Emission Testing ◽  
Internal Fluid ◽  
Asme Code ◽  
Acoustic Emission Testing

A research program evaluating the effect of elevated temperature in the acoustic emission testing of fiberglass vessels was completed recently. The program aimed at evaluating the current ASME provisions that require acoustic emission testing for Class II vessels be carried out at operating temperature in the event that the operating temperature exceeds 49°C (120°F). Lack of data from fiber reinforced polymer vessels and/or components that have been subjected to acoustic emission evaluation at elevated temperature has resulted in speculation regarding the appropriateness of conducting the acoustic emission evaluation at elevated temperature. To address these issues, an experimental investigation was conducted on representative coupon specimens and pressurized cylindrical specimens at differing temperatures. The results from the coupon tests were presented in a previous publication. This paper will present the results of the cylindrical specimens and compare them to the coupon specimens drawing the final conclusions from the overall results of the program. The results from this study resulted in changes in the body of the ASME code for testing pressure vessels with acoustic emission at temperature.

Analysis of the Influence of Fluid Flow on the Plasticity of Porous Rock Under an Axially Symmetric Punch

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milos Kojic ◽  
J.B. Cheatham
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Porous Medium ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Stress Tensor ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Axially Symmetric

Introduction A number of problems occur in the fields of drilling and rock mechanics for which consideration must be given to the interaction of fluid flow and rock deformation. Such problems include those of borehole stability, chip removal from under a drill bit, drilling in the presence of a fluid pressure gradient between the drilling fluid and formation fluid, and drilling by use of hydraulic jets. We have recently developed a general theory of the influence of fluid pressure gradients and gravity on the plasticity of porous media. The solution of the problem considered here serves as an example of the application of that theory. The illustrative problem is to determine the load required on a flat problem is to determine the load required on a flat axially symmetric punch for incipient plasticity of the porous medium under the punch when fluid flows through the bottom face of the punch. The rock is assumed to behave as a Coulomb plastic material under the influence of body forces plastic material under the influence of body forces due to fluid pressure gradients and gravity. Numerical methods that have been used by Cox et al. for analyzing axially symmetric plastic deformation in soils with gravity force are applied to the problem considered here. Involved is an iterative process for determining the slip lines. The fluid flow field ‘used for calculating the fluid pressure gradient is based upon the work by Ham pressure gradient is based upon the work by Ham in his study of the potential distribution ahead of the bit in rotary drilling. The effective stresses in the porous rock and the punch force for incipient plasticity are computed in terms of the fluid plasticity are computed in terms of the fluid pressure and the cohesive strength and internal pressure and the cohesive strength and internal friction of the rock. PLASTICITY OF POROUS MEDIA PLASTICITY OF POROUS MEDIA A recently developed general theory of plasticity of porous media under the influence of fluid flow is summarized in this section. The equation of motion for the porous solid for the case of incipient plastic deformation reduces to the following equilibrium equation:(1) where Ts is the partial stress tensor of the solid; Fs is the body force acting on the solid per unit volume of the solid material; P is the interaction force between the solid and the fluid; and is the porosity, which is defined as the ratio of the pore porosity, which is defined as the ratio of the pore volume to the total volume of the solid-fluid mixture. The partial stress tensor Ts can be considered as the effective stress tensor that is used in sod mechanics. With the acceptance of the effective stress principle defined in Ref. 5, the yield function, f, in the following form is satisfied for plastic deformation of the porous medium. plastic deformation of the porous medium.(2) where EP is the plastic strain tensor and K and the work-hardening parameter. From the equation of motion for the fluid, the interaction force P can be expressed in the form(3) where is the inertial force of the fluid per unit volume of the mixture and F is the body force acting on the fluid per unit volume of fluid. For the case of incipient plastic deformation the solid can be considered static (velocities of the solid particles are zero), and the problem of determining particles are zero), and the problem of determining the fluid flow field is the one usually analyzed in petroleum engineering. petroleum engineering. Consider a flow of be fluid such that the inertial forces of the fluid can be neglected and assume that Darcy's law is applicable. SPEJ P. 271

scholarly journals Urenhedsforestillinger i den monastiske kultur

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluf Schönbeck
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
The Body ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Bodily Injury ◽  
Interior Boundary ◽  
George Lakoff ◽  
Mark Johnson ◽  
The Senses ◽  
Natural Orifices

A number of statements by the eleventh centurt ascetic Peter Damian concerning purity, impurity and purification are interpreted by means of the so-called Container Schema formulated by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson. According to Lakoff and Johnson humans experience teir bodies as containers and as things in containers. Containers are characterized by the following structural elements: interior, boundary, exterior. Peter Damian is shown to describe impurity as a state of defilement, disease of bodily injury - all phenomena that are caused by a threatened or an actual breakdown of the boundary of the container, i.e. the human skin, the main purpose of which is to separate the interior  from the m enacing exterior. Basically then, impurity is seen as a result of an invasion of the body by foreign substances through the natural orifices, e.g. the senses, or through lesions - substances that may in their turn bring about unwanted discharges in the shape of e.g. semen or - in a metaphorical sense - sinful behaviour. Acts of purification are described by Damian in terms of the same container metaphor. Finally, it is suggested that the container metaphor may serve as a tool in analysing ideas of impurity outside a Christian, monastic context.

scholarly journals Comparative study: Impact of Ball burnishing and shot peening Process on Aluminium 2024 alloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (08) ◽  
pp. 1768-1775
Author(s):  
◽  
Mahendra Kumara C ◽  
D. Shivalingappa ◽  
Prema. S ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Shot Peening ◽  
Compressive Residual Stress ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Ball Burnishing ◽  
Hydraulic Unit ◽  
2024 Alloy ◽  
Burnishing Process ◽  
Aeroengine Components ◽  
Compressive Residual Stresses

Compressive residual stress is the major aspect in the extension of the fatigue life of aeroengine components. In this study, a modified burnishing surface treatment and conventional shot peening process was used was proposed to improve surface integrity characteristics such as surface finish, hardness, and stable, advantageous compressive residual stress in turned Cylindrical Aluminum 2024Specimen. In burnishing process, a rolling rigid spherical HSS ball is pressed across an Aluminum 2024Specimen under definite fluid pressure generated by the hydraulic unit and also shot peening was carried out at a shot velocity of 300 m/s. This research examined the effect of burnishing treatment and shot peening process on beneficial compressive residual stresses.

EVALUATIVE CHARACTERISTICS IN RESEARCH ADVISORS’ REVIEWS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF ACADEMIC DISCOURSE

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
А.А. Водяницкая
Keyword(s):  
Positive Characteristic ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Academic Discourse ◽  
The Body ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
First Time

Постановка задачи. Работа посвящена изучению оценочных характеристик отзыва научного руководителя, функционирующего в рамках академического дискурса. Впервые выявляются оценочные стратегии и тактики научного руководителя, вербализованные в отзыве при характеризации научно-исследовательской работы магистранта и бакалавра. Результаты. Как показало исследование, посредством оценочных значений, которые выстраивают отзыв о работе выпускника над выпускной квалификационной работой, научные руководители положительно характеризуют исследовательские навыки студентов. Отрицательные оценочные значения не вербализуются, но имплицируются в рекомендациях уделять внимание в дальнейшей работе, например, более планомерной организации исследования. Наиболее универсальной и распространённой характеристикой работы студента является формулировка академический дискурс сформирован , которая включает в себя все положительные оценочные значения, релевантные для научно-исследовательской деятельности в рамках академического дискурса. Во всех структурных элементах отзыва научные руководители прибегают к использованию оценочных значений. В наименьшей степени оценочные значения представлены в разделе Умение работать с научной, методической, справочной литературой и электронными информационными ресурсами. Выводы. Отзыв научного руководителя как жанр академического дискурса представляет собой амальгаму оценочных средств, с помощью которых научный руководитель эксплицирует, а в некоторых случаях и имплицирует своё отношение к проделанной студентом работе. В качестве объекта оценки служат те аспекты научно-исследовательской деятельности, которые выделены как структурные элементы отзыва, а также дополнительные объекты, которые научный руководитель считает необходимым выделить. В ходе исследования были выделены оценочные стратегии импликации, интенсификации, рекомендации и констатации. Problem Statement. The paper focuses on evaluative characteristics of research advisors’ reviews functioning in the framework of academic discourse. Evaluative strategies and tactics have been revealed for the first time as a part of a research advisor’s review. Results. The research has shown that research advisors characterize positively various aspects of graduate students’ research papers and the way they organized their research work. Negative evaluations are not verbalized, but teachers implicitly mention that their students should organize their work more thoroughly in the future. The fact that academic discourse has been acquired by the student to the full extent serves as a positive characteristic of their work, and, therefore, includes all the evaluations relevant for doing a research and for research results. In all the structural elements of the reviews research advisors use a variety of evaluative means. The latter are represented to a lesser extent in the structural element concerning the Ability of a student to retrieve information and to use a variety of information resources. Conclusion. Research advisor’s review as a genre of academic discourse is an amalgam of evaluative means which enable the research advisor to explicitly verbalize his attitude towards a student research work. Evaluative means characterize those aspects of research work which are specified in the body of the review as structural elements. Moreover, teachers specifies work ethic, ethical behavior, personal characteristics that are crucial for the research work. The research has revealed evaluative strategies of intensification, recommendation, stating and implication.

Personal and professional modeling of operational and service functioning of employees of operational divisions of internal affairs bodies

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-154
Author(s):  
Viktoriya Vahnina ◽  
Svetlana Naumova
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
The Body ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Ethical Business ◽  
Holistic Concept ◽  
Professional Profile ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Protection

The article discusses the problem of personal-professional modeling of the operational and official functioning of employees of operational units of the internal affairs bodies. A model of personal and professional suitability of employees of the units to ensure the safety of persons subject to state protection of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is proposed, taking into account the specific characteristics of the activity and features of the region. Conceptual and theoretical modeling within the framework of personal-professional diagnostics and professional selection involves building a holistic concept of psychological diagnostics and its theoretical justification, which allows to improve the quality and efficiency of operational-service functioning. In the article, modeling is understood as a systematization of the psychological characteristics of the activities of police officers in certain typical professional situations, which allows you to create a generalized professiogram of the specialist’s activity, which is used in professional psychological selection, staff selection, and in the process of professional and psychological preparation. The object of the study is the operational and official functioning of employees of operational units. The subject of the research is the model of personal and professional suitability of employees of the operational investigative unit to ensure the safety of persons subject to state protection of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The hypothesis of the study: the model of personal and professional suitability of an employee of the unit for ensuring the safety of persons subject to state protection of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), taking into account the specific characteristics of the activity, can improve the quality of their operational and official functioning. The professiographic analysis made it possible to single out the basic structural elements of the personality-professional profile. The following groups of professionally important qualities are attributed to these elements: verbal thinking, emotional-volitional, communicative-organizational, moral and ethical, business qualities, as well as such a characteristic as physiological reserves of the body.

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