Regulation of nature management with the application of fiscal methods

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-145
Author(s):  
Adam Bodayuk
Keyword(s):  
Nature Management ◽  
Logical System ◽  
Pricing Policy ◽  
Fiscal Management ◽  
Fiscal System ◽  
Industrial Security ◽  
International Obligations ◽  
Security Pricing ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Business Entities

The purpose of the article is to develop and apply the concepts and mechanism of fiscalization to the processes of managing the collection of payments from business entities to the budget for environmental offenses. The research methodology - application of the resource approach to the defini- tion of concepts, abstract-logical, system-structural and comparative analysis, ranking. The scientific novelty. The mechanism of fiscal management of nature users for their environmental pollution is revealed; the peculiarities of the calculation of the ecological tax, the distribution of the amounts of the current tax between the state and local budgets are indicated; applied innovations are substantiated taking into account the factor of ownership of natural resources. Conclusions. The need for environmental fiscalization is due to the environmental situation in the country, the fiscal system, energy and industrial security, pricing policy, business activity, the country’s international obligations and other factors. Key words: management, fiscal, in the use of nature, property, people, waste, pollution, rates, natural objects.

scholarly journals INSTITUTIONAL PRECONDITIONS FOR DIVERSIFICATION ENSURING OF THE NATURAL RECREATIONAL RESOURCES AND TERRITORIES USE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olha Golikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Support ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Recreational Resources ◽  
Environmental Interests

The need to diversify the use of natural recreational resources and territories is a national issue of environmental management at the national and regional entities. This is especially true for unique natural areas and objects. The paper analyzes the current state and identifies trends in the development of recreational and tourist sphere of Ukraine. The analysis of normative-legal and organizational support of processes of of natural resources and territories use is carried out. It is established that a separate part of the main factors of production (facilities and fixed assets involved in the provision of health services) are privately owned by business entities, as natural recreational resources are owned by the state and local executive authorities. This situation is due to the need to reconcile socio-economic and environmental interests. The need to improve the permitting system for assessing natural resource potential, in particular natural recreational resources, as a tool for state regulation of economic relations on forms and property rights to natural recreational and involvement of socio-economic interests of territorial development and recreational tourism.

Centralization and Decentralization in China's Fiscal Management

1976 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 328-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Donnithorne
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Control Allocation ◽  
Fiscal Management ◽  
Fiscal System ◽  
Remission Rates ◽  
National Investment ◽  
Centralization And Decentralization

Dr Lardy (in The China Quarterly, No. 61, March 1975) denies that the economic decentralization of the late 1950s impaired the ability of the central government to control allocation of economic resources. If such impairment had occurred, he argues, “ More developed provinces with high remission rates in the period before decentralization would have vastly greater resources at their disposal which they could use to maintain or increase the level of health, education and welfare (HEW) services they provided to their populations. Because provincial remittances would be reduced the central government could no longer subsidize areas previously dependent on net central government subsidies. Thus I hypothesize that the level of HEW expenditures in these areas would decline after decentralization as compared with the previously less dependent provinces. Similarly I hypothesize that the share of total national investment in provinces with proportionately greater fiscal resources would have increased sharply while the investment shares of the less developed provinces would have declined” (pp. 33 and 36). Dr Lardy's calculations indicate that “the dependency variable is significant but its effect is exactly the opposite of that predicted by the ‘decentralization hypothesis.’ That is, provinces that were more dependent on the central government prior to 1958 experienced larger increases, on the average, than did the less dependent provinces” (p. 38). “These tests,” he continues, “do not support the view that the decentralization measures transferred resource allocation power to provincial governments ”(pp. 38–39). Dr Lardy draws the conclusion that “ The central government's continued control of the fiscal system assured that the level of social services provided in the less developed provinces did not decline compared to more developed regions.”

scholarly journals THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM OF STATE STIMULATION OF ECO-ORIENTED BUSINESS

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1(63)) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
S.O. Nikola
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
State Planning ◽  
State Management ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Stimulation Of

The article considers the mechanism of state stimulation of eco-oriented business. The main elements of the environmental management mechanism that combine the methods and functions of organizational management structures are described. The main methods of state management stimulation environmentally oriented business includes: administrative (administrative and enforcement) - are conditioned by the need for state planning and control over the state of the environment in the interests of each producer and each member of society; economic - stimulate the material interest of economic entities in the implementation of the necessary environmental measures, decisions of management bodies in the field of nature management (taxes, subsidies, subsidies, subsidies, government orders for the production of environmentally friendly products, clean equipment and the provision of environmentally friendly services); moral and ethical stimulation - the creation of a cultural, educational, worldview base that forms the conditions for the implementation of moral and ethical incentives in the use of nature; information methods of incentive management - ensuring public access to information of economic and environmental character. Specific incentive functions have been identified that affect the effective implementation of environmental and economic measures. Managing the stimulation of eco-oriented business involves the implementation of a number of specific functions, i.e. Types of activities that affect the effective implementation of environmental and economic relations: standards and legislation in the field of stimulating the rational use of natural resources and environmental protection; certification of natural resources and pollution coming from the subjects of production and economic activities, taking into account natural objects that require priority incentive measures from the state and business; maintenance of ecological territorial cadastres to justify the allocation of funds from the state and local budgets in order to stimulate the conservation of the ecosystem.

scholarly journals DIRECTIONS OF ADVISORY SUPPORT FOR USING THE MECHANISM OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN ENHANCING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ENVIRONMENTAL LOGISTICS

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Ivanko ◽  
Yuriy Bakun ◽  
Mykhaylo Ksenofontov
Keyword(s):  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
The Public ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Duration Of Storage ◽  
State And Local ◽  
State Financing ◽  
Business Entities

Introduction. Search of ways of solving of ecological problems is significance on the current stage of economic reforming of Ukraine. Development research for minimization of ecological externalities for society is actual too. Search of different mechanisms and order of the organizational and financial provision of solving of public problems is substantial for reforming considering the limited the state and local budgets also. Methods: The dialectical method of cognition and a systematic method for studying the issues of advisory support for using the mechanism of public-private partnership in the system of ecological logistics, as well as: analysis, synthesis, analogy, expert method, generalization method were used. The comparative analysis method was used to analyze the role of the public-private partnership mechanism in solving of public problems, the expert method was used to reveal the features of advisory support for the use of the public-private partnership mechanism, the analysis, synthesis and analogy methods were used to determination of approaches for solving environmental problems at the economic level, generalization method to form the conclusions of the study. Results. Expediency of strengthening of competitive position of business entities on the basis of optimization of transport expenditures, volumes and duration of storage of commodity and material resources and products have been proved. This is connected with theoretical direction of eco-logistics. Description of aim marks of development of ecological logistics have been represented. Legislative characteristic: the concept of “public and private partnership” and its advantages, objects and signs of PPP, forms and PPP contract areas have been represented. Four-stages algorithm of advisory support of use of public-private partnership contracts have been substantiated in eco-logistics within the next four stages: 1. search of competitions of state financing of PPP projects and participation in them; 2. search the best partners for realization of PPP projects; 3. substantiation of directions of optimization of market expenses; 4. adjustment of system of strategic and operational management. Discussion for further research are to divide competency between state and privates partners of public-private partnerships and to balance between economical and ecological efficiency in the eco-logistics projects. Keywords: eco-logistics, public-private partnership, advisory support, management, cost-effectiveness, eco-efficiency.

scholarly journals Organization of ecologically oriented production management

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (99) ◽  
pp. 291-302
Author(s):  
N. Y. Pitel ◽  
◽  
I. M. Novak
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Document Management ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Global Improvement ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Oriented Activity

The article is devoted to the research of theoretical bases of organization of management of ecologically oriented production. The analysis of the financing of environmental protection measures in Ukraine shows a positive trajectory of expenditures on environmentally oriented activities during 2010–2019: total expenditures increased from UAH 13 to 44 billion, or more than 3.3 times. The structure of expenditures is dominated by own funds of enterprises (79 %), funds of state and local budgets – only 2 %. Global improvement of the environment can be achieved only through comprehensive cooperation between the state and enterprises with the support of society. Nature management can be optimized by creating a more advanced management system and introducing new efficient resource-saving technologies. Ecologically oriented activity ensures the observance by enterprises of socio-economic interests under the condition of rational use of natural resources and minimization of anthropogenic impact on the environment. At the same time, sustainable economic growth and stable improvement of financial and economic performance are achieved. The system of environmental production management must be organically integrated into the long-term strategy of enterprise management. The defining priority of ecological production is the target orientation on integration and harmonization of human relations with the environment. We have defined a set of measures for the effective organization of management of environmentally oriented production of enterprises. Among them are the development of environmental policy, compliance with environmental legislation, organizational structure, analysis of indicators and development of environmental programs, formalization of hazardous processes, staff training, document management, monitoring of deviations in environmental management, data accounting, environmental audit and environmental management. Their comprehensive implementation will allow to organize and ensure effective activities that will achieve the optimal ratio of environmental and economic indicators.

Ecologization of economic relations in the system of economic process management

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Valentyna Antonenko ◽  
◽  
Olena Sukhina ◽  
Olha Popova ◽  
Yana Diakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Management System ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Business Entities

Objective: to investigate the problem of greening economic relations in the management of economic processes to determine the essential content of this category, to outline the main problems and identify existing obstacles to its greening of economic relations in the management of economic processes, as well as to try to develop an economic management mechanism. on the financial interests of the participants involved in the processes related to the use of natural resources. Method. The research led to the use of methods of scientific knowledge: formal logic, analysis and synthesis, systems approach, theoretical generalization, causation, scientific assumption, comparison, expert research methods. Results. The study showed that in defining the essence of the category of "greening" in scientific circles has not yet formed a single approach; scientists hold different views on this. It is established that quite a few of them understand the issues of integration of ecological and economic aspects of greening. The article defends the position on the need for such an integration combination. The interaction and relationships of participants in the process of greening, which the authors include society as a whole, the state and enterprises that use natural resources in their economic activities. The inclusion of economic incentives in the mechanism of environmental management, which is based on the economic interests of these entities, is justified. The main legislative acts regulating economic relations in the management system of economic processes taking into account the requirements of environmental nature are analyzed, a comparative analysis of the main provisions and identified imperfections of institutional tools for greening economic relations in the management system of economic processes in Ukraine. The author's definition of the concept of "greening" as a complex phenomenon formed on the basis of a combination of systems of processes and measures for the effective from the standpoint of economic and environmental criteria for the use of natural resources. The order of combination of economic interests in the system of greening of management of economic processes is specified. Scientific novelty. The essence of greening is defined as a system of processes and measures for the management and use of natural resources that meet the criteria of efficiency and savings, requirements for reducing the destructive impact on society and the environment, and are based on economic interests of all economic actors participation in the implementation of these processes and measures. The interaction of these economic entities is studied and the necessity of reforming the fiscal levers of influence on the users of natural resources is substantiated. Practical significance. The study proved the need to clarify the content of economic relations in management processes and increase the environmental and economic efficiency of the interests of business entities in modern conditions. The presented scheme creates preconditions for development of the effective mechanism of restoration of natural resource potential and increase of efficiency of managing. Key words: greening, natural resources, nature management, economic interests, management, integration, stimulation.

Tools for State and Local Fiscal Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Hathaway ◽  
Jorge Martinez-Vazquez ◽  
Chris Thayer
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Management ◽  
State And Local

scholarly journals РОЗВИТОК НАУКОВИХ ПОЛОЖЕННЯ СПРАВЕДЛИВЕ ЦІНОУТВОРЕННЯ В РЕСПУБЛІЦІ БІЛОРУСЬ

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Світлана Василівна Макрак ◽  
Алла Михайлівна Тетёркина ◽  
Ірина Миколаївна Кохнович
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Fair Price ◽  
Pricing Policy ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Business Entities

Insufficient efficiency of agriculture, its place and role in the system of the national economy predetermine the need to develop scientific provisions for the fair prices formation within the framework of relations between participants in the agri-food market. Purpose of article. Determine the fair price concept specifics for agricultural products, substantiate the functions and factors of its formation, identify the shortcomings of the current pricing policy in the agricultural sector of Belarus, formulate directions for improving the mechanism of state regulation of the industry development. The object of research is the mechanism of pricing for agricultural products in the Republic of Belarus. Methods used in research. The theoretical and methodological basis for the study was the domestic and foreign scientists works on pricing and the formation of the food cost. During the research, the following methods were used: monographic, abstract-logical, normative, synthesis and system analysis, etc.  The hypothesis of the study. Achieving fair prices for rural products requires improving the practice of determining them. Presentation of the main material. The article presents the author's position in relation to the development of scientific and methodological approaches to fair pricing of agricultural products, which are based on the analysis of the agri-food products multi-link value chain. Originality and practical value. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the substantiation of theoretical approaches, principles and directions for the formation of fair prices for agricultural products, taking into account the specifics of the industry and the emerging intersectoral relations. Conclusions. Achieving a fair price is possible only through the implementation of the principles, laws and regularities of "justice" within the framework of the formation of effective relationships between business entities and the observance of national interests.

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC MAPPING OF LAND RESOURCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Valeriy Balashenko ◽  
Aleksandr Semyachkov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
The Public ◽  
Thematic Mapping ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Further Development

To solve urgent problems of information support for business entities, authorities, regulatory and supervisory bodies, to assess the ecological and economic situation of territories, thematic cartographic works are developed, created, studied and used. Thematic mapping aims to identify the patterns of spatial distribution of thematic features of objects and use them in the preparation of maps, schematic maps. To create thematic environmental and economic maps for various natural resources, in particular for land, indicators are selected from various sources, calculated indicators, indicators are formed (based on the developed formulas, scores, coefficients). The compiled maps have a theoretical or practical purpose of their use, purpose. As a result of the study, ecological and economic maps of the Ural and Siberian districts were compiled for land resources. These maps are intended for the analysis and assessment of the use of natural resources by authorities, supervisory authorities, and the public. In addition, further research will be based on them; methods and techniques for their development will be improved. The scientific and practical significance of ecological-economic maps determine the need for their creation to solve the problems of rational nature management, improve the quality of the natural environment, forecast the further development of the territory, etc.

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