INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES AND FERTILIZERS SYSTEMS FOR LONG-TERM PRODUCTIVITY HAYMAKING AND SOIL FERTILITY

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalhat Teberdiev ◽  
Anna Rodionova ◽  
Sergey Zapivalov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Exchange Energy ◽  
Technological Systems ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mobile Phosphorus ◽  
Mineral System

When using long-term haymaking (73 years of use), the regularities of the influence of fertilizers and technological systems on the productivity and fertility of the soil are established. When using a technogenic system (without fertilizers), the productivity was 31.9 GJ/ha of exchange energy, the content of mobile phosphorus in the soil decreased by 37%, exchange potassium-by 19%, humus increased from 2.03 to 3.05%, with an annual humus content of 18 kg/ha. The highest productivity of haymaking over the past 27 years of use was observed in the technogenic-mineral system when using N180P45K90 —– 72.5 GJ/ha of exchange energy, 5.6 thousand feed. units, 922 kg/ha of raw protein. The content of mobile phosphorus in the soil increased by 232% compared to the initial one, humus from 2.03 to 2.94%, exchange potassium decreased by 18%, and the average annual accumulation of humus was 28 kg/ha.

scholarly journals Agroenergy efficiency of technologies for creating and using of long-year haymaking

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalhat Teberdiev ◽  
Anna Rodionova ◽  
Maria Shchannikova ◽  
Sergey Zapivalov
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Energy ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Technological Systems ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Mineral System

High rates of recoupment of total costs by collecting exchange energy were revealed in long-term haymaking (75 years of life) for five technological systems of management. The collection of metabolic energy in a technogenic system without fertilization is 24.6 GJ per hectare, taking into account technological losses, in a technogenic-mineral system (N60–180P39K75) it increases by 1.8-2.5 times, in an organic system (20 tons per hectare of manure once every four years) it increases by 1.5 times.

Black soil fertility as affected by for long-term fertilization in different crop rotations

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (92) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Ya.P. Tsvey ◽  
S.O. Bondar ◽  
S.M. Senchuk
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Mobile Phosphorus

For typical leached black soil it was proved that introduction of 7,5 t/ha manure + N P K in the first three rotations, 8.3 t/ha manure + N P K in the fourth rotation, and 16.6 t/ha manure + N P K in the first link of the fifth rotation led to an increase in the content of mobile phosphorus in the ploughed soil layer to 270-325 mg/kg, exchangeable potassium to 95-105 mg/kg, whereas at the beginning of the experiment, the content of mobile phosphorus was 144-150 mg/kg and exchangeable potassium 66-71 mg/kg. Content of alkali hydrolysed nitrogen in soil was stabilized against the background of organic and mineral fertilization at the level of 140-124 mg/kg, whereas without fertilizers it was 112-105 mg/kg soil and at the beginning of the experiment 177-173 mg/kg of soil.

Soil conditions and yield of repeatedly grown apple orchard depending on long-term fertilizer application

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (98) ◽  
pp. 34-47
Author(s):  
P. H. Kopytko ◽  
◽  
R. V. Yakovenko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
The Impact

The issue of scientifically sound fertilizer application in fruit plantations, which are long-term and re-grown in one place remains insufficiently studied. To solve this problem is possible only in long-term stationary studies, as the impact of different fertilizer systems on changes in soil properties and tree productivity for a long period of their use. The results of researches of long-term fertilizer influence on the main fertility indices of dark gray podzolic heavy loam soil and productivity of repeatedly grown apple trees of Idared varieties on seed and vegetative (M4) rootstocks and Calville snow on seedling rootstock are considered. During the 85-year period of growing the first and second generation of apple trees in the experimental garden, the organic fertilizer (40 t/ha of cattle manure), mineral fertilizer (N120P120K120) and their combination (20 t/ha of manure + N60P60K60) were applied in the old plantation every two years in autumn in plowing in rows at 18–20 cm, and in the new repetition: manure, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers as well, and nitrogen fertilizer in half doses annually in spring for cultivation or disk plowing to a depth of 12–15 cm. As a result of research it was found that organic fertilizer better than mineral fertilizers provided the formation of soil fertility (humus and mobile compounds and forms of nutrients, soil reaction) and yield capacity of experimental apple trees, which for all years of fruiting exceeded the total yield of Calville snow and Idared on seedling and vegetative rootstocks, respectively, by 34.8, 27.7 and 23.4 % compared with the yield of the control non-fertilized areas and 16.0, 15.8 and 13.2 % – on those fertilized with N120Р120К120. Similar parameters of soil fertility indicators are formed by the organo-mineral fertilizer system with systematic long-term application of half the norms of organic and mineral fertilizers of manure 20 t/ha together with N60P60K60. However, the mineral system (N120P120K120) significantly less increases the humus content and content of macronutrients available for plant nutrition and does not enrich the soil with trace elements, acidifies the reaction of the soil environment

scholarly journals Influence of winter wheat varieties and precursors on soil fertility, grain yield and quality in Stavropol territory

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Elena Vyacheslavovna Pismennaya ◽  
Margarita Yuryevna Azarova ◽  
Lyudmila Gennadievna Kurasova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Chestnut Soil ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Soil Density ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Mobile Phosphorus ◽  
Average Annual Temperature

Research was conducted on the basis of JSC "Agrohleboprodukt" branch "Agrokevsalinsky" Ipatovsky district of Stavropol territory in 2017-2019 to determine the feasibility of sowing varieties of soft winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on sunflower and chickpeas with No-till technology. The production experience was carried out on an area of 3000 m2. The scheme of the experiment is 2-factors: varieties (factor A) – Zustrich (St.), Bagira, Bagrat; precursors (factor B) – sunflower and chickpeas. The climate of the zone is arid. The average annual temperature is 10.3°С. The average annual precipitation is 36.1 mm. The soil of the farm is dark chestnut carbonate heavy loam. Indicators of water resistance (for sunflower and chickpeas was 49.5 – 49.9 % and 66.7 – 68.2 % respectively) and the coefficient of structure (1.9 – 2.1 and 2.1 – 2.3 respectively) of dark chestnut soil before sowing varieties of winter wheat had optimal values for all predecessors. On average, the soil density for the growing season for sunflower is 1.28 g/cm3, chickpeas – 1.20 g/cm3. For varieties from sowing to the full ripeness phase, the soil density increases by 4.8 % and 2.5 % respectively. On average, the reserve of productive moisture for the growing season for sunflower is 64.7 g/cm3, chickpeas – 76.2 g/cm3. The greatest moisture availability is observed when sowing sunflower and chickpeas in the Bagrat variety – 66.2 mm and 78.8 mm respectively. The content of humus in the soils of the farm is 2.62 – 2.69 %, exchange potassium – 362.5 – 400.5 mg/kg; mobile phosphorus – 32.7 – 37.0 mg/kg; nitrogen – 13.4 – 13.9 mg/kg. In terms of humus content during the growing period, Bagrat varieties have the highest indicators for sunflower and legume precursors (2.62 % and 2.70 %), as well as for exchange potassium, mobile phosphorus and nitrogen (365.7 – 403.0 mg/kg; 33.2 – 37.4 mg/kg; 14.4 – 14.9 mg/kg). The average yield for sunflower and chickpea varieties is 4.44 t/ha and 4.67 t/ha respectively. Bagrat variety proved to be the most productive for both predecessors (for sunflower – 4.72 t/ha, for chickpeas – 5.00 t/ha) with high grain quality indicators (the amount of raw gluten – 27.1 %, nature – 726.4 g/l, vitreous – 86.3 %). The constructed trend models reflected a very high relationship between the predecessors, soil fertility indicators and winter wheat yield (r=1.0).

scholarly journals FACTORS ENHANCING THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM IRRIGATION ON THE ORDINARY CHERNOZEM PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Babichev ◽  
◽  
L. M. Dokuchayeva ◽  
R. Ye. Yurkova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Secondary Salinization

Purpose: to identify factors enhancing the negative impact of long-term irrigation on soil fertility. Materials and methods. The influence of mineralization and quality of irrigation water on ordinary chernozems (Neklinovsky district), the level of groundwater table on the reclamation state and soil fertility of ordinary chernozems (Bagaevsky district of Rostov region), the structure of crop rotations was studied, and optimal moisture levels for different irrigation modes were established. Results. Long-term use of sulphate-sodium low-mineralized water led to the degradation of ordinary chernozems. They acquired the properties of medium alkaline and medium solonized soils: alkalinity – 1.29 mmol(eq)/100 g, solonetzicity – 7 % of exchangeable sodium from the total soil absorbing complex (SAC), soil bulk density – 1.34 t/m³, humus content decreased by 23 % during its transformation from fulvate-humate to humate-fulvate. The close ground waters table and their mineralization of 5 g/dm³ contributed to secondary salinization. Fertility reproduction is observed only with the introduction of organic fertilizers. The increase in humus content in the alfalfa-corn crop rotation was 0.68 % with the introduction of 60 t/ha of manure after 4 years of corn cultivation in comparison with the humus content after 3 years of alfalfa cultivation, and in the grain feed – 0.55 %. It was found that with an increase of irrigation rate up to 30 %, leaching of exchangeable calcium is observed with a simultaneous increase in the content of exchangeable sodium up to 4 % of the total SAC, which contributes to an increase in bulk density of ordinary chernozem to 1.38 t/m³. In the variant with over-irrigation, the humus content decreased by 0.22 % over 4 years of regular irrigation, and in the variant with the optimal and reduced by 40 and 60 % rates, its amount decreased from 0.04 to 0.07 %, as in dry land. Conclusions. The investigated factors enhance under certain conditions the negative impact of long-term irrigation on the properties of ordinary chernozem.

scholarly journals The Use of Peat Deposits of the Russian Federation for Organic Fertilizers Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 01015
Author(s):  
Oleg Misnikov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Peat Deposits ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Micro Elements

In agricultural production, soil fertility and the overall productivity of arable land depends on the quality and quantity of mineral and organic fertilizers. The decrease in the humus content in soil observed over the past decade requires a systematic use of various organic fertilizers. The use of peat-based fertilizers guarantees high and sustainable crop yields. Restoration of soil fertility should be carried out by organic fertilizers enriched with humic acids with physiologically active groups, free nitrogen-containing components, a complex of nutrients and micro elements. The author considers the possibility of using humus peat ameliorants for the restoration of disturbed lands and the increase of soil fertility. The production and use of peat-based organic fertilizers and ameliorants in various sectors of the economy is an incentive for the stable functioning of the peat business and a significant factor in the socio- economic development of the regions of the Russian Federation.

Enabling Community Well-being Self-Monitoring in the Context of Mining: The Naskapi Nation of Kawawachikamach

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Klinck ◽  
Ben Bradshaw ◽  
Ruby Sandy ◽  
Silas Nabinacaboo ◽  
Mannie Mameanskum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Aboriginal Community ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Community Engaged Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mineral Development ◽  
Iron Deposits ◽  
Term Monitoring

The Naskapi Nation of Kawawachikamach is an Aboriginal community located in northern Quebec near the Labrador Border. Given the region’s rich iron deposits, the Naskapi Nation has considerable experience with major mineral development, first in the 1950s to the 1980s, and again in the past decade as companies implement plans for further extraction. This has raised concerns regarding a range of environmental and socio-economic impacts that may be caused by renewed development. These concerns have led to an interest among the Naskapi to develop a means to track community well-being over time using indicators of their own design. Exemplifying community-engaged research, this paper describes the beginning development of such a tool in fall 2012—the creation of a baseline of community well-being against which mining-induced change can be identified. Its development owes much to the remarkable and sustained contribution of many key members of the Naskapi Nation. If on-going surveying is completed based on the chosen indicators, the Nation will be better positioned to recognize shifts in its well-being and to communicate these shifts to its partners. In addition, long-term monitoring will allow the Naskapi Nation to contribute to more universal understanding of the impacts of mining for Indigenous peoples.

Courting the Youth Vote in 2008: The Obama Effect

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey C Bohl
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Voter Registration ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Past ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
High Turnout ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
Youth Vote

This paper examines a few of the numerous factors that may have led to increased youth turnout in 2008 Election. First, theories of voter behavior and turnout are related to courting the youth vote. Several variables that are perceived to affect youth turnout such as party polarization, perceived candidate difference, voter registration, effective campaigning and mobilization, and use of the Internet, are examined. Over the past 40 years, presidential elections have failed to engage the majority of young citizens (ages 18-29) to the point that they became inclined to participate. This trend began to reverse starting in 2000 Election and the youth turnout reached its peak in 2008. While both short and long-term factors played a significant role in recent elections, high turnout among youth voters in 2008 can be largely attributed to the Obama candidacy and campaign, which mobilized young citizens in unprecedented ways.

SELECTION WORK TO IMPROVE PRODUCTIVE AND BREWING QUALITIES OF SPRING BARLEY

1970 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
О. V. Levakova ◽  
L. М. Eroshenko ◽  
А. N. Eroshenko
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Extract Content ◽  
Labile Phosphorus ◽  
Loam Soil

The article presents and analyzes data of competitive varietal testing of promising varieties and lines of spring barley for yield and brewing qualities. Field studies were conducted in 2014–2017 on dark gray forest heavy loam soil. Agrochemical parameters are total nitrogen – 0.24%, humus content in a layer of 0-40 cm (according to Tyurin) – 5.19%, hydrolysis nitrogen – 123.5 mg / kg, salt extract pH – 4.92 mg-eq / 100g; labile phosphorus - 34.6 mg / 100g, labile potassium – 20.0 mg / 100g. The forerunner is winter wheat. Meteorological conditions in the years of research differed from each other and from the average long-term value. Barley samples were assessed by the protein content in the grain (GOST 10846-91), extract content (GOST 12130-77), weight 1000 grains (GOST 10842-89). Ecological plasticity was determined by the method proposed by E.D. Nettevich, A.I. Morgunov and M.I. Maksimenko, stability index (Ľ) by A. A. Gryaznov, indicator of stability level (Puss) by E. D. Nettevich and A. I. Morgunov. The main measure for assessing quality indicators is protein content. Many other biochemical and technological features of grain depend on its level. The experimental data convincingly testify to the significant influence of the soil and climatic conditions on the yield and, especially, on the brewing qualities of barley in the conditions of the Central Region of the Nonchernozem Zone. According to the studied traits, new valuable varieties Nadezhny, Sir, Noble and selection lines 141 / 1-09 h 746, 23 / 1-10 h 784, distinguished by high adaptability and resistance to adverse environmental factors, have been identified.

APPLICATION OF THE INTENSIVE CROP GROWING TECHNOLOGIES IN CROP ROTATION IS THE STABILITY CONDITION OF THE HUMUS CONTENT OF SOIL

1970 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
V. А. Shchedrin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Investment Project ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Labile Phosphorus

In OOO “Dubovitskoe” which was organized in 2006 as investment project of the AO “Shchelkovo Agrokhim” for 2010 – 2012 three advanced crop rotations have been developed. Before their introduction the grain crops fraction in the cropping system was 62%, then it fell to 49%. At the same time the portion of raw crops increased from 15 to 20%, legumes from 6 to 8%, others (buckwheat, grain maize, etc.) - up to 23%. As of 2017, the crops of leguminous crops have increased noteworthily. There are two predominant soil types here heavy clay loam podzolized chernozem (6615 ha) and grey forest soil (856 ha). Weighted average indicators (as of 2017): humus content in the soils of arable land is 5, 34%; acidity pH is 4.92; labile phosphorus - 111.8 mg / kg soil; exchange potassium - 144 mg / kg soil. The coefficient of the soil fertility in the enterprise (weighted average) is 0.66. This means that maintaining and increasing the soil fertility for arable land of the enterprise is critical task. As a result of the research, it has been established that the technologies introduced in the crop vegetation management (CVS) in the crop rotation conditions ensure high productivity of cultivated crops and stability of humus content in soils as an energy basis and a guarantor of increasing fertility. The indicators of the labile phosphorus Р205 and exchange potassium К20 in the soils depending on the crop rotation vary from a certain decrease to expressed steady growth. Therefore it is necessary to specify seeding rates based on actual data. Sustainable soil acidification in the crop rotations under crop cultivation in OOO “Dubovitskoe” it is the result of the acid feterlizers high rates application, during studying period did not carried out required agromelioration with calcium contenting elements.

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