Indirect hemagglutination reaction in ram infectious epididymitis for indication of Brucella ovis antigen in biomaterial

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
Oleg Yu. Chernykh ◽  
Elmira A. Yanikova ◽  
Mikail M. Mikailov ◽  
Akhmed A. Khalikov ◽  
Atiya T. Gulieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Neutralization Reaction ◽  
Brucella Ovis ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Bacteriological Method ◽  
Express Methods ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

The reaction of indirect hemagglutination with an antibody erythrocyte diagnosticum is one of the promising methods for identifying the causative agent of infectious diseases or antigen. This preparation has not yet been developed for the diagnosis of infectious epididymitis of rams. The results of the preparation of an antibody erythrocyte diagnosticum in the reaction of indirect hemagglutination for the detection of the causative agent of infectious epididymitis in various biological material are presented in the article. As a result of scientific research, authors developed the method for obtaining an original Brucella ovis antibody diagnosticum for the reaction of indirect hemagglutination by sensitizing sheep erythrocytes with hyperimmune Brucella ovis serum using alizarin blue indicator of the epididymitic pathogen or antigen in biomaterial as the conjugate. Studies have shown the specificity and higher sensitivity of the indirect hemagglutination reaction with the antibody erythrocyte diagnosticum, compared with the antibody neutralization reaction and the bacteriological method, and its suitability for the indication of Brucella ovis antigen in biomaterial and environmental objects. It was also found that the reaction of indirect hemagglutination with antibody diagnosticum is much faster than the reaction of neutralization of antibodies and the bacteriological method. Research to improve the diagnosis of infectious ram epididymitis caused by Brucella ovis has been completed with the development of the antibody erythrocyte diagnosticum for the indirect hemagglutination reaction.The high specificity and activity of this preparationwas established by the authors. As a result of the studies carried out to test the diagnostic value of the antibody diagnosticum, a higher sensitivity of the indirect hemagglutination reaction using the new antibody diagnosticum, compared with the neutralization reaction of antibodies and the bacteriological method, and the suitability of using the diagnosticum for the indication of the Brucella ovis antigen in biomaterial, was established, which meets the requirements for express methods for detecting antigens in pathological material.

Positron emission mammography in the diagnosis of breast cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (01) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Farahati ◽  
A. G. Müller ◽  
E. Gillman ◽  
M. Hentschel ◽  
F. H. H. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Glandular Tissue ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Positron Emission Mammography ◽  
Positron Emission

SummaryAim: To evaluate the diagnostic value (sensitivity, specificity) of positron emission mammography (PEM) in a single site non-interventional study using the maximum PEM uptake value (PUVmax). Patients, methods: In a singlesite, non-interventional study, 108 patients (107 women, 1 man) with a total of 151 suspected lesions were scanned with a PEM Flex Solo II (Naviscan) at 90 min p.i. with 3.5 MBq 18F-FDG per kg of body weight. In this ROI(region of interest)-based analysis, maximum PEM uptake value (PUV) was determined in lesions, tumours (PUVmaxtumour), benign lesions (PUVmaxnormal breast) and also in healthy tissues on the contralateral side (PUVmaxcontralateral breast). These values were compared and contrasted. In addition, the ratios of PUVmaxtumour / PUVmaxcontralateral breast and PUVmaxnormal breast / PUVmaxcontralateral breast were compared. The image data were interpreted independently by two experienced nuclear medicine physicians and compared with histology in cases of suspected carcinoma. Results: Based on a criteria of PUV>1.9, 31 out of 151 lesions in the patient cohort were found to be malignant (21%). A mean PUVmaxtumour of 3.78 ± 2.47 was identified in malignant tumours, while a mean PUVmaxnormal breast of 1.17 ± 0.37 was reported in the glandular tissue of the healthy breast, with the difference being statistically significant (p < 0.001). Similarly, the mean ratio between tumour and healthy glandular tissue in breast cancer patients (3.15 ± 1.58) was found to be significantly higher than the ratio for benign lesions (1.17 ± 0.41, p < 0.001). Conclusion: PEM is capable of differentiating breast tumours from benign lesions with 100% sensitivity along with a high specificity of 96%, when a threshold of PUVmax >1.9 is applied.

scholarly journals Impulse oscillometry for detection of small airway dysfunction in subjects with chronic respiratory symptoms and preserved pulmonary function

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang-Yuan Li ◽  
Tian-Sheng Yan ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Yu-Qi Li ◽  
Lin-Xi Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Small Airway ◽  
Impulse Oscillometry ◽  
Additional Method ◽  
Cutoff Values ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Abstract Background Subjects with chronic respiratory symptoms and preserved pulmonary function (PPF) may have small airway dysfunction (SAD). As the most common means to detect SAD, spirometry needs good cooperation and its reliability is controversial. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) may complete the deficiency of spirometry and have higher sensitivity. We aimed to explore the diagnostic value of IOS to detect SAD in symptomatic subjects with PPF. Methods The evaluation of symptoms, spirometry and IOS results in 209 subjects with chronic respiratory symptoms and PPF were assessed. ROC curves of IOS to detect SAD were analyzed. Results 209 subjects with chronic respiratory symptoms and PPF were included. Subjects who reported sputum had higher R5–R20 and Fres than those who didn’t. Subjects with dyspnea had higher R5, R5–R20 and AX than those without. CAT and mMRC scores correlated better with IOS parameters than with spirometry. R5, R5–R20, AX and Fres in subjects with SAD (n = 42) significantly increased compared to those without. Cutoff values for IOS parameters to detect SAD were 0.30 kPa/L s for R5, 0.015 kPa/L s for R5–R20, 0.30 kPa/L for AX and 11.23 Hz for Fres. Fres has the largest AUC (0.665, P = 0.001) among these parameters. Compared with spirometry, prevalence of SAD was higher when measured with IOS. R5 could detect the most SAD subjects with a prevalence of 60.77% and a sensitivity of 81% (AUC = 0.659, P = 0.002). Conclusion IOS is more sensitive to detect SAD than spirometry in subjects with chronic respiratory symptoms and PPF, and it correlates better with symptoms. IOS could be an additional method for SAD detection in the early stage of diseases.

scholarly journals Clinical application of the 2011 IFCPC colposcope terminology

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bei Zhang ◽  
Shuhui Hong ◽  
Guihui Zhang ◽  
Fengnian Rong
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Cervical Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Common Sign

Abstract Background Colposcopy offers an accurate way to the diagnose of cervical precancerous lesions. However, the diagnostic accuracy of colposcopy is unsatisfied. This study was to evaluate colposcopic accuracy according to the 2011 International Federation of Cervical Pathology and Colposcopy (IFCPC) terminology. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed in 1,838 patients who underwent colposcopy in Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University from October 2013 to April 2018. Using conization or cervical biopsy pathology as the gold standard, the agreement between colposcopic diagnosis and pathologic diagnosis was calculated, and correlations between variables were analyzed. Results As an authoritative and widely used terminology for colposcopy diagnosis, the 2011 IFCPC terminology has certain clinical practicality and diagnostic accuracy. However, some signs such as mosaic, punctation, sharp border, inner border sign and ridge sign had high specificity but unsatisfactory sensitivity, which limited the diagnostic value. Therefore, we discussed the Lugol’s staining, a very common sign in colposcopy, and analyzed the diagnostic significance of bright yellow staining in low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and mustard yellow staining in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). The results showed that mustard yellow may be a valuable indicator in the diagnosis of HSIL. Conclusion The 2011 IFCPC colposcope terminology has standardized interpretations of the colposcopic findings and improved the accuracy of colposcopy diagnosis. The aceto-white epithelium still has important diagnostic value; however, the value of a few signs is needed to be discussed and new signs are expected to be discovered. Although the significance of Lugol’s staining was diminishing, mustard yellow might be a valuable indicator for the diagnosis of HSIL.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of Telomerase Activity in Patients With Bladder Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Peng ◽  
Jinze Li ◽  
Chunyang Meng ◽  
Jinming Li ◽  
Dandan Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Telomerase Activity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Significant Difference

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of telomerase activity (TA) for bladder cancer (BC) by meta-analysis.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of studies published on PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to June 1, 2019. We used Stata 15 and Review Manager 5.3 for calculations and statistical analysis.ResultsTo evaluate the diagnostic value of TA for BC, we performed a meta-analysis on 22 studies, with a total of 2,867 individuals, including sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio (PLR, NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The pooled parameters were calculated from all studies, and we found a sensitivity of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.72–0.84), a specificity of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.87–0.94), a PLR of 8.91 (95% CI: 5.91–13.43), an NLR of 0.24 (95% CI: 0.15–0.37), a DOR of 37.90 (95% CI: 23.32–61.59), and an AUC of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.90–0.94). We also conducted a subgroup analysis based on the different stages and grades of BC. Results from the subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant difference in TA in either high and low stages of BC, but that low-grade tumors had a lower TA than high-grade tumours.ConclusionsTA can be used as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of bladder cancer with its high specificity. Rigorous and high-quality prospective studies are required to verify our conclusion.

scholarly journals The Rule of Histology in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Infection: Specific Granulocyte Counting Methods and New Immunohistologic Staining Techniques may Increase the Diagnostic Value

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 457-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich Boettner ◽  
Gabriele Koehler ◽  
Alexander Wegner ◽  
Tom Schmidt-Braekling ◽  
Georg Gosheger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periprosthetic Infection ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Specific Staining ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Hip And Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Intraoperative Test

Objective: The current study investigates the diagnostic accuracy of the criteria described for frozen sections and whether modern leukocyte specific staining techniques including leukocyte peroxidase and Naphtol-AS-D-chloroacetate-esterase will improve the accuracy of the intra-operative histology. Method: 77 patients undergoing revision total hip and knee arthroplasty were included in this retrospective study. Patients were grouped into septic and aseptic based on intraoperative cultures. Tissue samples were analyzed utilizing the Mirra, Feldman, Lonner, Banit and Athanasou criteria. Results: An experienced pathologist had a high specificity (96%), but rather low sensitivity (57%) diagnosing infection. By using the Banit-, Mirra-, or Athanasou-criteria the sensitivity is increased to 0.90. The Feldman- and Lonner-criteria have a lower sensitivity (0.48 and 0.38), however, an increased specificity of 0.96 and 0.98, respectively. The Banit cut off has the highest accuracy (86%). MPOX and NACE staining increased the sensitivity and accuracy up to 100% and 92% respectively. Conclusion: Banit’s cut off is the most accurate histologic criteria to diagnose infection. Modern leukocyte specific staining techniques slightly improve the accuracy. The synovial fluid white blood cell count appears to be the most accurate intraoperative test.

The diagnostic value of serum levels of VEGF, bFGF and endostatin in patients with liver cancer

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 21133-21133
Author(s):  
A. Nikopoulou ◽  
P. Makrantonakis ◽  
M. Karamouzis ◽  
P. Nikolaidis ◽  
J. Agorastos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Myocardial Infraction ◽  
Group B ◽  
Normal Controls

21133 Background: : Aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ), basic fibroblast growth factor ( bFGF ) and Endostatin in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma ( PHC ) and in patients with metastatic liver disease ( MLD ). Methods: Eighty participants were included in this study and divided into three groups. Exclusion criteria were history of myocardial infraction, stroke, diabetic retinopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, pregnancy, trauma and recent surgical treatment. In group A were included 20 normal controls (NC), in group B 30 patients with PHC and in group C 30 patients with MLD. The concentrations of VEGF, bFGF and Endostatin in serum were measured by using enzyme like immunosorbent assay kits (Quantikine R&D systems Inc., Mineapolis.MN). Results: Results are shown in table . In patients with PHC there was a positive correlation between the serum level of VEGF and tumor size (r=0.517, p=0.08), between the serum level of VEGF and platelets number (r=0.573, p=0.003) and between the serum level of VEGF and the serum level of a-fetoprotein (r=0.478, p=0.029). In patients with PHC sensitivity of VEGF, bFGF and Endostatin was found 60%, 54% and 23% respectively. In patients with MLD sensitivity of VEGF, bFGF and Endostatin was found 73%, 73% and 27.5% respectively. However, both in patients with PHC and with MLD specificity of VEGF, bFGF and Endostatin were found 95%, 95% and 100% respectively. Conclusions: Angiogenic factors VEGF, bFGF and Endostatin can distinguish normal controls from patients with liver cancer. Serum levels of VEGF are related to the size of the tumor in patients with PHC. Serum VEGF, bFGF and Endostatin could be useful tumor markers in the diagnosis of PHC and MLD because of their high specificity. The significant correlation of VEGF with a- fetoprotein indicates its importance as a marker in diagnosis of PHC. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Humoral Immunity to SARS-CoV-2: Diagnostic Value of a New Multiplex Addressable Laser Bead Immunoassay

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Drouot ◽  
Sébastien Hantz ◽  
Fabienne Jouen ◽  
Aurélie Velay ◽  
Bouchra Lamia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Humoral Immunity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Fluorescent Beads ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Higher Sensitivity ◽  
Bead Immunoassay

Despite efforts to develop anti–severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody (Ab) immunoassays, reliable serological methods are still needed. We developed a multiplex addressable laser bead immunoassay (ALBIA) to detect and quantify anti-Spike S1 and nucleocapsid N Abs. Recombinant S1 and N proteins were bound to fluorescent beads (ALBIA-IgG-S1/N). Abs were revealed using class-specific anti-human Ig Abs. The performances of the test were analyzed on 575 serum samples including 192 from SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction–confirmed patients, 13 from seasonal coronaviruses, 70 from different inflammatory/autoimmune diseases, and 300 from healthy donors. Anti-S1 IgM were detected by monoplex ALBIA-IgM-S1. Comparison with chemiluminescent assays or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays was performed using commercial tests. Multiplex ALBIA-IgG-S1/N was effective in detecting and quantifying anti–SARS-CoV-2 IgG Abs. Two weeks after first symptoms, sensitivity and specificity were 97.7 and 98.0% (anti-S1), and 100 and 98.7% (anti-N), respectively. Agreement with commercial tests was good to excellent, with a higher sensitivity of ALBIA. ALBIA-IgG-S1/N was positive in 53% of patients up to day 7, and in 75% between days 7 and 13. For ALBIA-IgM-S1, sensitivity and specificity were 74.4 and 98.7%, respectively. Patients in intensive care units had higher IgG Ab levels (Mann–Whitney test, p &lt; 0.05). ALBIA provides a robust method for exploring humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Serology should be performed after 2 weeks following first symptoms, when all COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) patients had at least one anti-S1 or anti-N IgG Ab, illustrating the interest of a multiplex test.

scholarly journals Present-Day Epidemiological-Epizootological Peculiarities of Natural Tularemia Foci in Altai

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
E. S. Kulikalova ◽  
A. V. Mazepa ◽  
A. K. Syngeeva ◽  
E. S. Polkovnikov ◽  
V. A. Shestakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Francisella Tularensis ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Water Vole ◽  
Ixodes Persulcatus ◽  
Arvicola Amphibius ◽  
Altai Region ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Haemaphysalis Concinna ◽  
Natural Foci

RelevanceNatural tularemia foci are widespread in Altai Krai and Republic Altai and characterized by high functional stability.Aim.To study modern epidemiological and epizootological features of natural foci of tularemia in the Altai region Russia.Materials and MethodsThe current state of small mammal number in the region is examined. Results of complex studying of 14 Francisella tularensis strains isolated in Republic Altai from 1950 to 2015 (from the collection of Museum of live cultures in Irkutsk Antiplague Research Institute of Rospotrebnadzor) and 21 strains isolated in 2016–2018 in the Altai region are presented. For the first time the tularemia causative agent was isolated at this territory in 1940s. Water vole (Arvicola amphibius) is the most epidemiologically significant as the infection source in these foci. Ixodes ticks: Dermacentor silvarum, D. reticulatus, D. marginatus, Haemaphysalis concinna, Ixodes persulcatus are the main vectors. Now Francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica circulates at Altai territory, and since 2011 additionally F. tularensis mediasiatica.ConclusionsThe functioning of the natural center of tularemia in the territory of the Altai region in the modern period is characterized by coupled circulation of the causative agent of tularemia of two subspecies, sporadic cases of tularemia diseases and infection by the causative agent of environmental objects (bloodsucking arthropods, open water, small mammals). All this indicates a high activity of natural foci with respect to this especially dangerous natural focal infection.

scholarly journals Methylated Septin9: biomarker for diagnosis of cervical cancer in cervical scrapings and for prediction of pelvic lymphatic metastasis in plasma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaowen Bu ◽  
Heng-ying Wu ◽  
San-feng Wang ◽  
Jian Ma ◽  
Wen Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Nodal Metastasis ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
High Discriminatory Power ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion

Abstract BackgroundAberrant Septin9 methylation in cervical cancer has been rarely studied. In this study we aimed to identify its diagnostic value of cervical cancer in cervical scrapings, and its predictive potential in plasma for pelvic nodal metastasis of cervical cancer.MethodsThe statuses of methylated Septin9 in fresh cervical lesions were first evaluated by using quantitative methylation-specific PCR(qMS-PCR). Subsequently 248 samples of cervical scrapings were collected to explore Septin9 methylation in different severities of cervical lesions; and the relationship between Septin9 methylation in plasma and pelvic nodal metastasis of cervical cancer was further evaluated.ResultsMethylated Septin9 was detected in all cancerous tissues, but not in cervicitis controls (P < 0.0001). The degrees of Septin9 methylation increased with growing severity of cervical lesions in cervical scrapings (P < 0.0001). Methylation analysis of Septin9 demonstrated a satisfactory specificity and area under the curve(AUC) in cervical cancer detection, at an equivalent sensitivity relative to any other test. And methylated Septin9 also yielded a high specificity and AUC in detecting high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion or cervical cancer(≥ HSIL). Plasma-based Septin9 methylation had a high discriminatory power in predicting pelvic nodal metastasis, with an optimal specificity of 81.48%; additionally an increasing sensitivity from 50% to nearly 80% was found when combined with squamous cell carcinoma antigen(SCC-Ag). ConclusionsIn conclusion, we demonstrated methylated Septin9 to be an innovative diagnostic biomarker for cervical cancer in cervical scrapings and its non-invasive predictive potential in plasma for pelvic nodal metastasis of cervical cancer.

scholarly journals THE VALUE OF LABORATORY TESTS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-187
Author(s):  
Nicolae Petre ◽  
Carmen Monica Pop ◽  
Daniela Homorodean
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Bacteriological Diagnosis ◽  
General Health Condition ◽  
Bacteriological Method

Background and aim. In the last decades, the inhabitants of the Romanian region known as Jiu Valley underwent changes in their social and economic status which determined changes in behaviour and health, which influenced their general health condition. One of the consequences was the exacerbation of tuberculosis. In order to control this situation, there was a need to increase the efficiency of diagnosis. This optimization can be reached by a better detection of mycobacterium infection, optimal isolation of strains and identification of the resistance of strains to antituberculous drugs.Methods. In order to identify the best diagnostic modality, we compared the efficacy of the classical bacteriological diagnosis, still performed in the field, to the modern methods of molecular biology. The study included two groups, one represented by 213 patients who were investigated using the classical bacteriological methods, and 49 who were diagnosed using the PCR method.Results. The tuberculosis patients who have been evaluated only with the classical bacteriological methods where diagnosed as TB positive and treated according to the national guidelines, which are in agreement with the international guidelines. The PCR diagnostic methods had a superior diagnostic value compared to the traditional bacteriological method.Conclusions. The results revealed the superiority of the modern molecular biology methods based on PCR. However the bacteriological method remains useful in areas where PCR cannot be afforded. 

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